SURVEY OF INDIGENOUS LEAFY VEGETABLES IN THE URBAN AND PERI-URBAN AREAS OF CÔTE D'IVOIRE

Aim: It consisted to identify the different species of traditional leafy vegetables consumed, to follow the technical process of production and to specifically evaluate the risk of microbial contamination of Amaranth from urban production in Daloa. Study Design: This study focuses on the consumption of traditional leafy vegetables. Place and Duration of Study: University of Jean Lorougnon Guédé of Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Microbiology, UFR Agroforestry, BP 150 Daloa, between November 2018 and April 2019. Methodology: On the study site, three planks of amaranth leave constituted a study block (sample). A total of 18 samples were analyzed. Then, mature Amaranth, ready for sale and then consumed, were subjected to microbiological characterization according to the standards. Results: There are seven main species of leafy vegetables consumed by Daloa populations and Amaranth is one of the most widely consumed leaves. The monitoring of production of these vegetables revealed that many of the actors were adults (> 30 years old), dominated by the female gender (63 %) and illiterate (70 %). The inputs were poultry manure, a mixture of dung and beef purse. In addition, the technical production routes were empirical. Microbiological analyzes of Amaranth leaf from selected areas showed a high level of bacterial contamination. Including indicator of general pollution like mesophilic aerobic germs, yeasts and molds, enterobacteria and indicator of fecal origin were isolated. It has been noticed the presence of pathogenic species such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp in all productions. Conclusion: Amaranth leaves produced in this area aren’t suitable for human consumption and could create some sanitary risk.

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Hypertension in the Adult Population in Côte d’Ivoire: Prevalence and Associated Factors

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health ◽

10.9734/ijtdh/2021/v42i1330508 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 18-29

Author(s):

Ekra Kouadio Daniel ◽

Okoubo Guillaume ◽

Orsot Tetchi ◽

Ekou Kokora Franck

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Adult Population ◽

Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire

Objectives: To estimate the current national prevalence of hypertension and to identify associated factors, in a context of increasing cardiovascular diseases and rampant urbanization in Côte d'Ivoire. Methodology: This was a secondary analysis of data from the survey on the prevalence and characteristics of diabetes in Côte d'Ivoire. The cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study was conducted among 3198 adults aged 20 to 79 years, in the twenty health regions of Côte d'Ivoire from 23 November to 22 December 2017. Risk factors were identified by binary stepwise logistic regression using Stata version 15 software. Results: The survey population was predominantly female (55%) and lived in urban areas (55.38%). The prevalence of hypertension in Côte d'Ivoire was 39.92% [95% CI : 37.28 - 42.62]. Independent of other factors, hypertension in adults is associated with age, place of residence, education level, marital status, income and nutritional status. However, the consumption of fruits and vegetables is protective of hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in Côte d'Ivoire is very high with a greater burden in the older populations. Interventions targeting the associated modifiable risk factors are needed to correct this alarming epidemiological situation.

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Urban agriculture in the city of Daloa, Central-West Côte d'Ivoire: Crop species, market practices and economic fallout

10.30574/ijsra.2020.1.1.0024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 026-034

Author(s):

Amon Anoh Denis-Esdras ◽

Konan Kouadio Ezéchiel ◽

Kouadio N’da Kouamé Cyriac ◽

Soro Kafana ◽

Seguena Fofana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Agriculture ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Crop Species ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Market Gardening ◽

Market Practices ◽

The City

In Côte d'Ivoire, urban agriculture is expanding in several cities due to its proximity to consumers and its financial benefits. In the city of Daloa, several plant species are cultivated as food crops in market gardens. A survey based on semi-structured interviews was carried out among 19 people at 8 market gardening sites. This sector is controlled by functional illiterate persons who are more than 5 years’ experience. Eleven species included in 9 genera and 8 families and grouped into 5 types of vegetables were recorded. Carrot, Cabbage, Courgette, Spinach, Green Bean, Parsley, Lettuce and Tomato were the most grown vegetable. The most represented families were Apiaceae, Asteraceae and Liliaceae. Leafy vegetables (lettuce, cabbage, parsley) were the most grown. Market gardening generates monthly incomes depending on actor, species, and seasons. Thus, this sector provides an important source of income for local populations and deserves support from authorities.

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Vectorial Transmission of Malaria in Major Districts of Côte d’Ivoire

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjz207 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 908-914

Author(s):

Konan F Assouho ◽

Akré M Adja ◽

Négnorogo Guindo-Coulibaly ◽

Emmanuel Tia ◽

Affoué M N Kouadio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malaria Transmission ◽

Mass Distribution ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Anopheles Funestus ◽

Malaria Vectors ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire

Abstract To better understand the influence of periodic mass distribution of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) on malaria transmission, a 1-yr entomological survey was conducted in three major districts of Côte d’Ivoire. Mosquitoes were sampled by Human Landing Catches (HLC) in urban and rural areas of San Pedro and Abidjan (coastal), and in Yamoussoukro (central). Mosquitoes were identified morphologically and by molecular methods. The Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite (CSP) indices were measured by ELISA, and the Entomological Inoculation Rates (EIR) were calculated for each species and area. Anopheles gambiae s.l. Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) and Anopheles nili Theobald (Diptera: Culicidae) were identified in coastal districts, while An. gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) were reported in the central district. In urban areas, malaria vectors showed a low aggressiveness (<10 bites per person per night), except in Yamoussoukro, where up to 18.9 b/p/n were recorded. The annual EIR was higher in the central urban area (138.7 infected bites per person per year) than in coastal ones (10–62 ib/p/n). In rural areas, malaria vectors were highly aggressive with an average 13 b/p/n for An. gambiae s.l, 21.2 b/p/n for An. nili and 12 b/p/n for An. funestus. The annual EIR ranged between 94.9 and 193.4 infected bites per person per year. This work indicates that, despite repeated mass distribution of LLINs, malaria transmission remains high and heterogeneous across Côte d’Ivoire. Malaria transmission was lower in coastal urban areas than in the central one, and remains high rural areas where two additional Anopheles vectors are involved in malaria transmission.

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La Cohésion Sociale En Côte d'Ivoire: Analyse De La Situation Et Facteurs Selon Les Ivoiriens

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2018.v14n8p267 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 267

Author(s):

Sali Lokotianwa Yeo Kone

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Social Cohesion ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Public Authorities ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Rural And Urban Areas ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Rural And Urban

This study proposes to examine the situation of social cohesion in Côte d'Ivoire. To do this a survey is conducted on a sample of 1536 Ivoirians in the four major regions of Côte d’Ivoire in both rural and urban areas. This sample is composed of 60 ethnic groups grouped into four (04) groups. The size of the sample obtained by the quota method (region, sex, agglomeration, age (18 years and over) socio-professional situation) is calculated taking into account the data of the last General Census of Population and Housing (RGPH., 2014). The results reveal that the Ivorian aware of his role also relies on public authorities to reduce disparities and polarizations. This will give people the impression that they are involved in a common enterprise, that they face the same challenges and are part of the same community.

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PM<sub>2.5</sub> surface concentrations in southern West African urban areas based on sun photometer and satellite observations

10.5194/acp-2020-617 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jean-François Léon ◽

Aristide Barthélémy Akpo ◽

Mouhamadou Bedou ◽

Julien Djossou ◽

Marleine Bodjrenou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Mineral Dust ◽

Satellite Observations ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Level 3 ◽

Sun Photometer ◽

Aerosol Emissions

Abstract. Southern West Africa (sWA) is influenced by large amounts of aerosol particles of both anthropogenic and natural origins. Anthropogenic aerosol emissions are expected to increase in the future due to the economical growth of African megacities. In this paper, we investigate the aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the coastal area of the Gulf of Guinea using sun photometer and MODIS satellite observations. We use a lightweight handheld sun photometer measuring the solar irradiance at 465, 540 and 619 nm operated manually every day from December 2014 to April 2017 at 5 different locations in Côte d'Ivoire and Bénin. Handheld sun photometer observations are complemented by available AERONET sun photometer observations and MODIS level 3 time series between 2003 and 2018. MODIS daily level 3 AOD agrees well with sun photometer observations in Abdidjan and Cotonou (correlation coefficient R = 0.89 and RMSE = 0.19). A classification based on the Angstrom Exponent is used to separate the influence of coarse mineral dust and urban-like aerosols. The AOD seasonal pattern is similar for all the sites and is clearly influenced by the mineral dust advection from December to May. AODs are analyzed in coincidence with surface PM2.5 concentrations to infer trends in the particulate pollution levels over conurbation of Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire) and Cotonou (Bénin). PM2.5 to AOD conversion factors are evaluated as a function of the season and the aerosol type identified in the AE classification. Highest PM2.5 concentrations (up to 300 μg/m3) are associated to the advection of mineral dust in the heart of the dry season (December–February). From December to March the median concentration above Abidjan and Cotonou is around 40 μg/m3, while it is around 20 μg/m3 during the rest of the year. Considering only the days during which the AOD belongs to the urban-like aerosol category, we observe a significant trend S = 0.32 μg/m3/year in the PM2.5 concentrations over the period 2003–2017. This trend leads to an increase of 5 ± 3 μg/m3 over 15 years and is coherent with the expected increase in combustion aerosol emissions in sWA.

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