Influence of urban green on human thermal bioclimate – application of thermal indices and micro-scale models

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. Matzarakis ◽  
D. Fröhlich
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Thermal Bioclimate ◽  
Scale Models

scholarly journals Modelling in Human Biometeorology: Spatial-Temporal Analysis of Thermal Indices

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Andreas Matzarakis ◽  
Marcel Gangwisch ◽  
Tim Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Parameter ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Radiation Fluxes ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Radiant Temperature

The issue of the quantification of thermal comfort or heat stress on humans is in vogue nowadays. This is evident for indices, which are trying to quantify these effects. Most known indices are PET, modified PET, SET*, PT and UTCI. All thermal indices require the same thermo-physiological and meteorological parameters. Air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, and short and long wave radiation fluxes in terms of mean radiant temperature are the required meteorological parameters. For human thermo-physiology, information about heat production and clothing are required. The meteorological parameters have to be available in appropriate spatial and temporal scales depending on the target and the specific issues demanded. The appropriate spatial and temporal resolution data cannot only be delivered by measurement stations. Meso and micro scale models, which compute meteorological parameter and thermal indices, can be helpful in the development of mitigation and adaptation strategies in the era of climate change.

scholarly journals Bonded Concrete Overlays: A Brief Discussion on Restrained Shrinkage Deformations and Their Prediction Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
Wojciech Cyron ◽  
Martin Nilsson ◽  
Mats Emborg ◽  
Ulf Ohlsson
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Restrained Shrinkage ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Concrete Overlays ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Thermal Dilation

Abstract Bonded concrete overlays (BCO) on bridge decks are beneficial solutions due to their superior properties as compared to the typical asphalt pavement. A significant number of overlays suffer however, from occurrence of cracks and delamination due to poor bond, and restrained shrinkage and thermal dilation. Over the past years different appraisals for estimation of the restrained deformations have been developed, from micro-scale models, based on poromechanics, to empirical equations as given in B3 or B4 models suggested by Bažant. This paper provides a short overview of calculation models along with a brief theoretical explanation of shrinkage mechanism.

scholarly journals A Multi-Point Meso–Micro Downscaling Method Including Atmospheric Stratification

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1191
Author(s):  
Renko Buhr ◽  
Hassan Kassem ◽  
Gerald Steinfeld ◽  
Michael Alletto ◽  
Björn Witha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Site Assessment ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Wind Climate ◽  
Meso Scale

In wind energy site assessment, one major challenge is to represent both the local characteristics as well as general representation of the wind climate on site. Micro-scale models (e.g., Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes (RANS)) excel in the former, while meso-scale models (e.g., Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)) in the latter. This paper presents a fast approach for meso–micro downscaling to an industry-applicable computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling framework. The model independent postprocessing tool chain is applied using the New European Wind Atlas (NEWA) on the meso-scale and THETA on the micro-scale side. We adapt on a previously developed methodology and extend it using a micro-scale model including stratification. We compare a single- and multi-point downscaling in critical flow situations and proof the concept on long-term mast data at Rödeser Berg in central Germany. In the longterm analysis, in respect to the pure meso-scale results, the statistical bias can be reduced up to 45% with a single-point downscaling and up to 107% (overcorrection of 7%) with a multi-point downscaling. We conclude that single-point downscaling is vital to combine meso-scale wind climate and micro-scale accuracy. The multi-point downscaling is further capable to include wind shear or veer from the meso-scale model into the downscaled velocity field. This adds both, accuracy and robustness, by minimal computational cost. The new introduction of stratification in the micro-scale model provides a marginal difference for the selected stability conditions, but gives a prospect on handling stratification in wind energy site assessment for future applications.

scholarly journals Learning continuum-scale models from micro-scale dynamics via Operator Regression.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Patel ◽  
Nathaniel Trask ◽  
Mitchell Wood ◽  
Eric Cyr
Keyword(s):  
Micro Scale ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Continuum Scale

A Study of the Designing and Planning of the Urban Green Space Landscape — Based on the Service Function of the Green Ecosystem

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2646-2649
Author(s):  
Feng Quan Ji ◽  
Jin Long Chu
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Service Function ◽  
Dual Property ◽  
Horizontal And Vertical Distribution

The dual property of the "horizontal" and "vertical" distribution characterizes the urban green space landscape, accordingly, at the demand of the service function of the green ecosystem, with elaboration of the issues concerning regulation target of the urban green space landscape, and based on the integration of the landscape patterning and quantity of the green, the regulation system of the urban green space landscape has been established; on the macro-meso-micro-scale respectively, regulating measures and countermeasures of the patterning of the landscape of urban green space and quantity of green has been proposed.

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