Measurement of leaf xylem water potential and transpiration during soil drying using a root pressure chamber system

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cai ◽  
M.A. Ahmed ◽  
S. Reth ◽  
M. Reiche ◽  
A. Kolb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Pressure Chamber ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Chamber System ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Root Pressure

Linear relation between leaf xylem water potential and transpiration in pearl millet during soil drying

2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 565-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaochao Cai ◽  
Mutez Ali Ahmed ◽  
Michaela A. Dippold ◽  
Mohsen Zarebanadkouki ◽  
Andrea Carminati
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Xylem Water Potential

scholarly journals Comparisons of Leaf Water Potential and Xylem Water Potential in tomato Plants

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
HD Barrs ◽  
B Freeman ◽  
J Blackwell ◽  
RD Ceccato
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Pressure Chamber ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Xylem Pressure Potential

The rapidity and convenience of the pressure chamber technique for estimating leaf water potentials, especially under field conditions, has been remarked (Boyer 1967; Kaufmann 1968a, 1968b) and demonstrated (Klepper and Ceccato 1969). However, Kaufmann (1968a) showed that it is necessary to exercise caution .in using measurements made with the pressure chamber as direct estimates of leaf water potential. Instead, he recommended that calibration curves should be drawn up for each species, relating measurements of xylem pressure potential obtained with this technique to corresponding known leaf water potentials. The present communication reports such a relation for tomato leaves, which have not previously been studied in this way. Plant age is shown to affect the relation.

scholarly journals Correction to: Linear relation between leaf xylem water potential and transpiration in pearl millet during soil drying

2020 ◽  
Vol 447 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 579-579
Author(s):  
Gaochao Cai ◽  
Mutez Ali Ahmed ◽  
Michaela A. Dippold ◽  
Mohsen Zarebanadkouki ◽  
Andrea Carminati
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Xylem Water Potential

scholarly journals Declining soil-root hydraulic conductance drives stomatal closure of tomato under drought 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanned Abdalla ◽  
Andrea Carminati ◽  
Gaochao Cai ◽  
Mathieu Javaux ◽  
Mutez Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Hydraulic Limitation ◽  
Shoot Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Root Conductance ◽  
Response To Water

<p>The fundamental question as to what triggers stomatal closure during soil drying remains contentious. Thus, we urgently need to improve our understanding of stomatal response to water deficits in soil and atmosphere.<strong> </strong>Here, we investigated the role of soil-plant hydraulic conductance (K<sub>sp</sub>) on transpiration (E) and stomata regulation. We used a root pressure chamber to measure the relation between E, leaf xylem water potential (ψ<sub>leaf-x</sub>) and soil water potential (ψ<sub>soil</sub>) in tomato. Additional measurements of ψ<sub>leaf-x</sub> were performed with unpressurized plants. A soil-plant hydraulic model was used to simulate E(ψ<sub>leaf-x</sub>) for decreasing ψ<sub>soil</sub>. In wet soils, E(ψ<sub>leaf-x</sub>) had a constant slope while in dry soils the slope decreased, with ψ<sub>leaf-x</sub> rapidly and nonlinearly decreasing for moderate increases in E. The ψ<sub>leaf-x</sub> measured in pressurized and unpressurized plants matched well, which indicates that the shoot hydraulic conductance did not decrease during soil drying and that the decrease in K<sub>sp</sub> is caused by a decrease in soil-root conductance. The decrease of E matched well the onset of hydraulic nonlinearity. Our findings demonstrate that stomatal closure prevents the drop in ψ<sub>leaf-x</sub> caused by a decrease in K<sub>sp</sub> and elucidate a strong correlation between stomatal regulation and belowground hydraulic limitation.</p>

Xylem Water Potential and Yield of Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Clones in Malawi

1976 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Squire
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Pressure Chamber ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
High Productivity

When several clones of tea were grown in neighbouring plots, the xylem water potential was lowest in clones which gave a higher yield. It is unlikely that differences of transpiration rate are involved. Although the physiological link between yield and water potential is still obscure, measurements of potential with a pressure chamber might be used to screen new clones for high productivity at an early stage of growth.

Accuracy and Usefulness of Psychrometer and Pressure Chamber for Evaluating Water Potentials of Pinus radiata Needles

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
BD Millar
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Pressure Chamber ◽  
Pressure Potential ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Potential Gradients ◽  
Fundamental Uncertainty ◽  
The One

Pressure chamber evaluations of xylem sap pressure potential (P) and thermocouple psychrometric evaluations of average water potential (Ψl) in needles from both transpiring and non-transpiring pine trees (Pinus radiata D. Don) were compared in order to determine the relative accuracy and usefulness of these methods for assessing Ψl. Markedly different but linear P v. Ψl relationships were obtained for pine needles of different age and also for the case where resin exudation masked the xylem and led to a 'resin error'. Evidence suggests that these differences are mainly due to injection and resin errors in pressure chamber determinations totalling as much as 1 MPa (a 10 bar). The psychrometric method appears to be the much more accurate. Radial water potential gradients across leaves did not result in differences between evaluations of P and Ψl, at least in P. radiata. The need for multiple 'calibrations' of the pressure chamber and the fundamental uncertainty about the constancy of such calibrations on the one hand and the slowness of the excised-needle psychrometer on the other can restrict the usefulness of these methods.

scholarly journals Mist Irrigation Reduces Post-transplant Desiccation of Bare-root Trees

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick M. Bates ◽  
Alex X. Niemiera
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Norway Maple ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Cherry Trees

Abstract Desiccation during storage and reestablishment is a major factor contributing to poor regrowth of transplanted bare-root trees. The effect of overhead mist irrigation on reducing post transplant water stress in Norway maple (Acer platanoides L. ‘Emerald Lustre’) and Yoshino cherry (Prunus x yedoensis) was examined. Bare-root Norway maple (desiccation tolerant) and Yoshino cherry (desiccation sensitive) trees were transplanted into pine bark-filled containers and subjected to mist or non-mist treatments. Stem xylem water potential, relative water content, and survivability were determined. Xylem water potential increased (became less negative) for misted maple and cherry trees. Water potential increased for non-misted maple and decreased for non-misted cherry trees. Twenty-seven percent of non-misted cherries were evaluated as nonmarketable due to stem dieback compared to 0% for misted trees. Results of this study indicate that mist irrigation effectively reduces desiccation damage for desiccation sensitive species such as cherries and hawthorns.

Needle water potential and soil-to-foliage flow resistance during soil drying: a comparison of Douglas-fir, western hemlock, and mountain hemlock

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Ballard ◽  
M. G. Dosskey
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Soil Drying ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Needle Water Potential

Needle water potential in western and mountain hemlock falls as the soil dries, but under our experimental conditions, it remained stable in Douglas-fir. Resistance to water flow from soil to foliage is higher for the hemlocks and increases more steeply as the soil dries. These findings physically account for the observation that water uptake is reduced relatively more for the hemlocks than for Douglas-fir, as soil water potential declines.

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