scholarly journals COMPETITION BETWEEN SESSILE OAK SEEDLINGS AND COMPETING VEGETATION UNDER A SHELTERWOOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran GOVEDAR ◽  
Branko KANJEVAC ◽  
Violeta BABIC ◽  
Nikola MARTAC ◽  
Milos RACIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Oak Seedlings

scholarly journals Regeneration Dynamics and Development of Seedlings in Sessile Oak Forests in Relation to the Light Availability and Competing Vegetation

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Branko Kanjevac ◽  
Milun Krstić ◽  
Violeta Babić ◽  
Zoran Govedar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Oak Forest ◽  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Natural regeneration of sessile oak forests is a complex process whose final outcome is influenced by numerous factors. The initial phase of development of sessile oak seedlings stands out as the most critical period in the process of natural regeneration of sessile oak forests. As the available light and competition from the accompanying woody species and ground vegetation are some of the main predictors of the success of sessile oak forest regeneration, this paper presents the results of studying the influence of these factors on the regeneration dynamics and development of sessile oak seedlings. The research was conducted in sessile oak forests in northeastern Serbia in the period from 2015 to 2020. At the end of the growing season each year, the following data were collected on 180 smaller sampling plots of 1 m2 in different conditions of canopy openness: the number, height, and root collar diameter of sessile oak seedlings. Also, the percent cover of competing woody species and ground vegetation was estimated on these sample plots. The obtained results indicated that the success of sessile oak forest regeneration largely depends on the initial number of sessile oak seedlings and silvicultural treatments during the rejuvenation period, which determine the microclimatic conditions in the stand and control the competing vegetation. They also indicate that with an increase in the available light, the impact of the competing vegetation on the dynamics of regeneration and development of sessile oak seedlings is less pronounced. Accordingly, as young sessile oak seedlings need a large amount of light for survival and development, it is necessary to increase the available amount of light intensively in a short period of time (six–eight years) by reducing canopy openness and thus providing optimal conditions in which sessile oak seedlings can gain an advantage over the competing vegetation.

Foliar traits of sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl) seedlings are largely determined by site properties rather than seed origin

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1648-1667
Author(s):  
Leila Arab ◽  
Stefan Seegmueller ◽  
Michael Dannenmann ◽  
Monika Eiblmeier ◽  
Ghada Albasher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
Foliar Traits ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Abstract Due to climate change, sessile oak (Quercus petraea) seedlings experience an increasing risk of drought during regeneration of forest stands by management practices. The present study was aimed at elucidating the potential of sessile oak seedlings originating from sites with different aridity and nitrogen (N) supply to acclimate to contrasting water availability. For this purpose, a free-air cross-exchange experiment was conducted between a dry and a humid forest stand with high and low soil N contents, respectively, during two consecutive years differing in aridity before harvest. Almost all structural and physiological foliar traits analyzed did not differ consistently between seed origins during both years, when cultivated at the same site. As an exception, the arid provenance upregulated foliar ascorbate contents under drought, whereas the humid provenance accumulated the phenolic antioxidants vescalagin and castalagin (VC) under favorable weather conditions and consumed VC upon drought. Apparently, differences in long-term aridity at the forest sites resulted in only few genetically fixed differences in foliar traits between the provenances. However, structural and physiological traits strongly responded to soil N contents and weather conditions before harvest. Foliar N contents and their partitioning were mostly determined by the differences in soil N availability at the sites, but still were modulated by weather conditions before harvest. In the first year, differences in aridity before harvest resulted in differences between most foliar traits. In the second year, when weather conditions at both sites were considerably similar and more arid compared to the first year, differences in foliar traits were almost negligible. This pattern was observed irrespective of seed origin. These results support the view that leaves of sessile oak seedlings generally possess a high plasticity to cope with extreme differences in aridity by immediate acclimation responses that are even better developed in plants of arid origin.

scholarly journals Response of sessile oak seedlings (Quercus petraea) to flooding: an integrated study

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Folzer ◽  
J. F. Dat ◽  
N. Capelli ◽  
D. Rieffel ◽  
P.-M. Badot
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Integrated Study ◽  
Oak Seedlings

scholarly journals On the knowns and unknowns of natural regeneration of silviculturally managed sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) forests—a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kohler ◽  
Patrick Pyttel ◽  
Christian Kuehne ◽  
Tobias Modrow ◽  
Jürgen Bauhus
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Oak Regeneration ◽  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Great Uncertainty ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Key message This literature review identified the main factors for the success of different silvicultural approaches to regenerate sessile oak naturally and unveiled at the same time important knowledge gaps. Most previous studies were only short-term and restricted to a few factors and single locations. Hence, the findings of these studies are of limited explanatory power and do not allow to develop general, widely applicable management recommendations. Context Successful natural regeneration of sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) through silvicultural actions depends on a number of biotic, abiotic and management factors and their interactions. However, owing to a limited understanding about the influence of these critical factors, there is great uncertainty about suitable silvicultural approaches for natural oak regeneration, in particular regarding the size of canopy openings and speed of canopy removal. Aims This study aimed at critically evaluating documented information on natural regeneration of sessile oak. Specifically, we identified (i) the factors that determine the success of approaches for natural regeneration and (ii) evaluated the evidence base associated with different silvicultural approaches. Methods A comprehensive literature search was done considering relevant peer-reviewed publications of ISI-listed journals as well as non-ISI listed published papers and reports by practitioners. Out of more than 260 collected references, a set of 53 silvicultural ‘core publications’ was identified and analyzed using a catalogue of numeric and categorical evaluation criteria. Results The most important factors determining regeneration success extracted from the literature were light availability, presence of competing vegetation, initial oak seedling density, browsing of seedlings and intensity of stand tending measures. However, the review revealed also great uncertainty regarding the interactions between these factors and the magnitude of their influence. Most studies were of short duration and restricted to single locations. In only 20% of the experimental studies, the observation period exceeded five years. Total costs of regeneration efforts were quantified and reported in only two studies. This lack of data on the expenses of different approaches to natural oak regeneration appears to be one of the most crucial knowledge deficits revealed in this literature review. Conclusion Natural regeneration of sessile oak may be achieved under a wide range of canopy openings, if competing vegetation and browsing is negligible, seedling density is high and tending to remove competing vegetation is carried out consistently. However, since the silvicultural regeneration success depends on the interactions among these factors, which have often not been adequately considered, we caution against general recommendations for silvicultural systems developed from case studies and call for new long-term studies with comprehensive experimental designs.

scholarly journals EMPIRICAL USE OF THREE OAK SPECIES IN AFFORESTATION: LESSONS FROM SOWING AND TRANSPLANTING EXPERIMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Petru CUZA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Spring Sowing ◽  
Oak Seedlings

The effects of different factors on the growth in height and diameter of oak saplings in comparative cultures were estimated: progeny from autumn and spring sowing of acorns (1); growing conditions of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) mother plants (2); the initial planting density of sessile oak (Q. petraea Liebl.) (3); natural lightening level of downy oak (Q. pubescens Willd.) mother plants (4). The pedunculate oak seedlings obtained after spring sowing were characterized by faster growth compared with those obtained from the autumn sowing. The lower growth rate observed in seedlings sown in autumn was due to the prolonged frosty weather during winter, which led to a decrease in acorn viability and progeny vigour. Due to the higher genetic diversity of the progeny obtained from the free-pollinated pedunculate oaks, it is possible that their growth was more intense and stable in comparison to those of saplings obtained from the acorns of isolated trees. The planting under the forest canopy had a clear influence on the growth in height of saplings. At low density levels (1.0 x 1.0 m), the sessile oak saplings benefited from larger availability of soil nutrients and displayed the highest growth, contrasting with those planted at high density (0.5 x 0.5 m). The deep and moderate shading caused a substantial reduction in the growth of downy oak saplings. Therefore, when planting, it is recommended to avoid using fast-growing species, which, due to asymmetric competition, could drastically reduce the growth in height of the downy oak saplings. Prolonged regeneration of the pruned root system following the transplantation process of sessile and downy oak seedlings determined their very slow growth in the first years of life.

scholarly journals Osmotic adjustment in sessile oak seedlings in response to drought

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Collet ◽  
JM Guehl
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Oak Seedlings

scholarly journals Effects of browsing on shoots and roots of naturally regenerated sessile oak seedlings

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Drexhage ◽  
Francis Colin
Keyword(s):  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of pedunculate and sessile oak seedlings from bare-root forest nurseries

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Leski ◽  
Marcin Pietras ◽  
Maria Rudawska
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Bare Root ◽  
Oak Seedlings

scholarly journals Short-term browsing by roe deer has little effect on survival and growth of sessile oak seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bideau ◽  
Marie-Line Maublanc ◽  
Denis Picot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Hamard ◽  
Philippe Ballon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Oak Seedlings
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