Foliar traits of sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl) seedlings are largely determined by site properties rather than seed origin

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1648-1667
Author(s):  
Leila Arab ◽  
Stefan Seegmueller ◽  
Michael Dannenmann ◽  
Monika Eiblmeier ◽  
Ghada Albasher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
First Year ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
Foliar Traits ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Abstract Due to climate change, sessile oak (Quercus petraea) seedlings experience an increasing risk of drought during regeneration of forest stands by management practices. The present study was aimed at elucidating the potential of sessile oak seedlings originating from sites with different aridity and nitrogen (N) supply to acclimate to contrasting water availability. For this purpose, a free-air cross-exchange experiment was conducted between a dry and a humid forest stand with high and low soil N contents, respectively, during two consecutive years differing in aridity before harvest. Almost all structural and physiological foliar traits analyzed did not differ consistently between seed origins during both years, when cultivated at the same site. As an exception, the arid provenance upregulated foliar ascorbate contents under drought, whereas the humid provenance accumulated the phenolic antioxidants vescalagin and castalagin (VC) under favorable weather conditions and consumed VC upon drought. Apparently, differences in long-term aridity at the forest sites resulted in only few genetically fixed differences in foliar traits between the provenances. However, structural and physiological traits strongly responded to soil N contents and weather conditions before harvest. Foliar N contents and their partitioning were mostly determined by the differences in soil N availability at the sites, but still were modulated by weather conditions before harvest. In the first year, differences in aridity before harvest resulted in differences between most foliar traits. In the second year, when weather conditions at both sites were considerably similar and more arid compared to the first year, differences in foliar traits were almost negligible. This pattern was observed irrespective of seed origin. These results support the view that leaves of sessile oak seedlings generally possess a high plasticity to cope with extreme differences in aridity by immediate acclimation responses that are even better developed in plants of arid origin.

scholarly journals Significance of current weather conditions for foliar traits of old-growth sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl) trees

Trees ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Arab ◽  
Stefan Seegmueller ◽  
Jürgen Kreuzwieser ◽  
Monika Eiblmeier ◽  
Michael Dannenmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Foliar Traits

Abstract Key message Sessile oak leaves showed a high degree of plasticity to atmospheric and pedospheric conditions. Abstract The aim of the present study was to elucidate the significance of current weather conditions for foliar traits of adult sessile oak (Quercus petraea), one of the most valuable forest tree species in Central Europe. For this purpose, structural and functional traits were analysed in fully expanded, sun exposed leaves collected in south-west Germany from five old-growth forest stands, representing the meteorological and pedospheric conditions in the growing region, but differing in aridity during the 12 days before harvest in two consecutive years. Across the forest stands, most foliar traits differed significantly between wet and dry weather conditions before harvest as indicated by partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). These traits included fresh weight/dry weight ratio, leaf hydration, leaf-C content, leaf-C/N ratio, structural N, soluble protein-N, total amino acid-N, cell wall composition, numerous specific amino acids as well as soluble sugar content. Structural biomass, δ13C signature, total N and total C as well as H2O2 contents were not affected by the weather before harvest. These results indicate a high plasticity of the foliar metabolism of drought-tolerant sessile oak to current weather conditions. They also suggest that sessile oak is characterized by a high potential to cope with the growth conditions expected as a consequence of future climate change.

scholarly journals Effects of extremely high temperatures on some growth parameters of sessile oak (Quercus petraea/Matt./Liebl.) seedlings in northeastern Serbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milun Krstic ◽  
Branko Kanjevac ◽  
Violeta Babic
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Oak Seedlings

This paper presents research results on the effects of the extremely high temperatures during the heat wave of August 2017 on the growth and development of injury symptoms in sessile oak (Quercus petraea /Matt./Liebl.) seedlings of different age in the area of the Majdanpek municipality in northeastern Serbia. The starting hypotheses of this study is that the resistance of sessile oak seedlings to extremely high temperatures changes with age and that the stand canopy has a significant protective role in situations where sessile oak seedlings are endangered by extremely high temperatures. The extreme weather conditions at the beginning of August manifested themselves in extremely high temperatures and prolonged absence of precipitation. The average temperature at the beginning of August 2017 was 5.0 to 5.1o? (depending on the altitude) higher compared to the period of seedling growth (2010-2016). During the heat wave, the recorded precipitation was in the range from 0 to 1 mm. These climate conditions significantly affected the development of young seedlings, causing wilting of smaller or larger parts of the leaf surface and sometimes leading to plant death. Using analysis of variance, differences in the intensity of seedling damage were found to depend on age, height, and the protection provided by the mature stand canopy. The obtained results point to the very important role of mature trees in the protection of seedlings from the dangers of extremely high temperatures.

scholarly journals Response of sessile oak seedlings (Quercus petraea) to flooding: an integrated study

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Folzer ◽  
J. F. Dat ◽  
N. Capelli ◽  
D. Rieffel ◽  
P.-M. Badot
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Integrated Study ◽  
Oak Seedlings

Soil N and C trace gas fluxes and microbial soil N turnover in a sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) forest in Hungary

2006 ◽  
Vol 286 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 301-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rosenkranz ◽  
N. Brüggemann ◽  
H. Papen ◽  
Z. Xu ◽  
L. Horváth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
N Turnover ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
Trace Gas Fluxes

Influence de la densité du couvert forestier sur le développement architectural de jeunes chênes sessiles, Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. (Fagaceae), en régénération forestière

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 1531-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Nicolini ◽  
Daniel Barthélémy ◽  
Patrick Heuret
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Growth Unit ◽  
Growth Morphology ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
The North ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Number Of Branches

The growth and branching patterns of the main axis of 6-year-old sessile oak, growing in a natural regeneration in the north of France, were analysed each year retrospectively according to three increasing canopy density conditions: large gap, small gap, and dense canopy. Increasing gap size is associated with an increase in the total height, basal diameter, branching probability, and global polycyclism rate of the trees. At the growth unit or annual shoot level, from dense canopy to large gaps these botanical entities also show an increase in their total length, number of nodes, polycyclism, and branching rate as well as mean number of branches and mean internode length. A discussion of our results revealed some endogenous features of growth and branching patterns in young sessile oak trees. It is also shown that increasing canopy density generally tends to reduce the expression of the endogenous architectural sequence of differentiation of young sessile oak trees. Young trees growing below dense canopy thus seem to be "delayed" in their sequence of differentiation and appear to be in a "waiting" status, whereas young trees growing in large gaps exhibit an architecture very similar to trees growing in nurseries under nonlimiting growth conditions.Key words: architecture, Quercus petraea, growth, morphology, canopy density.

The Organic Matter and Nutrient Elements in the Precipitation Beneath a Sessile Oak (Quercus Petraea) Canopy

1966 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carlisle ◽  
A. H. F. Brown ◽  
E. J. White
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Sessile Oak

scholarly journals Different drought sensitivity traits of young sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.) stands along a precipitation gradient in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 119165
Author(s):  
Norbert Móricz ◽  
Gábor Illés ◽  
Ilona Mészáros ◽  
Balázs Garamszegi ◽  
Imre Berki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Precipitation Gradient ◽  
Drought Sensitivity ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
Quercus Cerris

Breeding ecology of the fairy martin

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. L. Magrath
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
First Year ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Annual Productivity ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Colony Site ◽  
The One

The breeding biology of the fairy martin, Hirundo ariel, was studied over three years (1992–95) in the Yarra Valley, Victoria. Adult males and females in this population were morphologically similar, though only females acquired a brood patch during the breeding season. Colonies ranged in size from 8 to 29 nests. Birds arrived in the study area in September and usually commenced laying in October, though nesting activities were generally asynchronous both between and within colonies. Most colonies contained active nests until February. At least 16% of adults and 5% of fledglings, on average, returned to the study area in the following year. Returning adults generally nested at the same colony site as the previous year, while most first-year birds nested at sites other than their natal colony. Adult males were more likely to return than adult females. Clutch size ranged from 2 to 5, with a mean of 3.5, and declined over the season. The incubation period varied from 12 to 18 days with a mean of 13.7. A mean of 1.8 chicks fledged per completed clutch, while 60% of clutches produced at least one chick. The period from hatching to fledging varied from 17 to 32 days, with a mean of 22.1, and increased with brood size. Fledging success was highest during the middle of the breeding season. Adverse weather conditions, resulting in the abandonment of clutch and brood, were the most common cause of nest failure, and on several occasions also resulted in adult mortality. Almost half the breeding females produced at least two clutches in the one season. Pairs produced from 0 to 8 fledglings per season, with those that commenced nesting earlier in the season having higher annual productivity. These results are discussed in relation to the breeding ecology of other members of the Hirundinidae.

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