PROGNOSIS OF BAKU ARCHIPELAGO HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL BY TYPES OF MUD VOLCANOES

Mud volcanoes are indicators of the oil and gas generation processes in the hydrocarbon basins and can show the hydrocarbon potential of local anticline structures where they arise. The quantitative study of the composition of gas ejecta from volcanoes and their age can reveal the generation zones in the sedimentary cover and help assess the hydrocarbon bearing potential of an area. Mud volcanoes are often spatially related to the disjunctive faults intersections, and, on the other hand, there is a clear correlation between the location of the major oil and gas deposits and deep faults. Therefore, ejecta of mud volcanoes present a tool for geochemical probing of potentially hydrocarbon bearing structures. We used a spatial analysis of the composition of gases in mud volcanoes in order to reveal the prospective hydrocarbon targets in Baku Archipelago, located in the western part of the South Caspian Basin. The results confirm the prognosis for the existence of major gas condensate and gas accumulations in its deep water part. The calculations for the ages of mud volcanoes show that they refer to Cretaceous and Miocene-Pliocene periods.

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Organic matter in rock–water systems of petroliferous basins: interrelationships (a case study: South Caspian Basin)

Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles ◽

10.2516/ogst/2019046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 ◽

pp. 74

Author(s):

Akper A. Feyzullayev ◽

Ian Lerche

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Sedimentary Cover ◽

Water System ◽

Underground Water ◽

Depth Interval ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

Hydrocarbon Generation ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

And Migration

Generalizations and analyses are given of the data accumulated to date on the content of Organic Matter (OM) in formation waters of various stratigraphic complexes, as well as of mud volcanoes, and the correlation with OM in South Caspian Basin (SCB) sedimentary rocks. Results are based on about 300 analyses of formation waters and waters of mud volcanoes, as well as on more than 400 analyses of the content of OM in rocks (outcrops and wells from both onshore and offshore petroleum fields of the SCB). The stratigraphic interval covers the period from the Lower Pliocene to the Jurassic, and the depth interval from 73 m to 6043 m. In these intervals, the values of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) in reservoir waters vary from 4.1 mg/L to 271.2 mg/L, averaging (219 analyses) 48.9 mg/L. A good correlation has been established between the values of DOM and OM in rocks. Paleogene and Jurassic rocks have the highest correlations. DOM varies with depth with an increase in value from a depth of about 3.3 km, likely due to catagenetic transformation of OM into hydrocarbons in the rock–water system. The highest values of DOM are for waters with mineralization less than 50 g/L. Mud volcano waters are characterized by low levels of DOM and low mineralization, likely due to the condensate nature. The results of the studies show that underground water, as one of the components of a single rock–water system of the Earth’s sedimentary cover, together with the rocks, participates in the processes of hydrocarbon generation and migration.

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Geochemical conditions of oil and gas potential of the South Caspian basin on the basis of pyrolytic studies of mud volcanoes

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199802007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 02007

Author(s):

Rustam Mustaev ◽

Javidan Ismailov ◽

Uliana Serikova

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

Thermal Maturity ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

The South ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

Geochemical Conditions ◽

Geochemical Studies ◽

Gas Potential

This paper provides the results of geochemical studies with products of mud volcanoes conducted for a purpose of evaluating the generative potential of the South-Caspian basin. The kerogen types have been identified for different stratigraphic intervals and stages of the organic matter (OM) thermal maturity have been determined. A correlation has been established between the generative potential and the basin deposition and subsidence rate.

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Relics of mud volcanoes in the sedimentary cover of the South Caspian Basin

Lithology and Mineral Resources ◽

10.1134/s0024490215040033 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 311-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. S. Guliyev ◽

D. A. Huseynov

Keyword(s):

Sedimentary Cover ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

The South ◽

South Caspian Basin

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SUBSIDENCE HISTORY AND HYDROCARBON MIGRATION MODELING IN SOUTH CASPIAN BASIN

Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Geology ◽

10.17721/1728-2713.88.12 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 82-91

Author(s):

G. Gahramanov ◽

M. Babayev ◽

S. Shpyrko ◽

Kh. Mukhtarova

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Geochemical Data ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

Oil And Gas Fields ◽

Basin Subsidence ◽

Sedimentary Mass ◽

Gas Fields ◽

Migration Modeling

We study the mechanisms of migration and spacial distribution of hydrocarbon deposits along a regional 1000 km long SW - NE seismic cross section of the South Caspian Basin. A retrospective 2D geological simulation of basin subsidence and sediment filling history is performed taking into account accompanying processes of thermal and catagenetic transformations of organic matter, and subsequent migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons. The start of the basin opening with accumulation of considerable sedimentary mass can be dated as middle Mesozoic (Triassic or Jurassic), and hydrocarbon prone horizons can now be located at depths of 12 km. The hydrocarbon saturation of the Pliocene Productive Series is of epigenetic (allochtonous) nature, which is also confirmed in literature by geochemical data from mud volcanoes and by other facts. Geochemical age, depth of provenance and reworking degree of hydrocarbons point at generation sources in Mesozoic (gas) and Paleogene-Miocene formations (oil) with only subordinate participation of the lower "Productive Series" Pliocene suites. The dominant migration pattern of fluids is interformational (interstratal) intermittent injective subvertical flow along disjunctive planes, zones of increased fracturing and loose rocks, diapir intrusion contacts, eruptives of mud volcanoes, lithofacial unconformities and other structures, breaking the rocks continuity. This implies the possibility of commercial-scale accumulations of hydrocarbons at ultra high depths, if trap structures of sufficiently large sizes are available, comparable with already discovered giant oil and gas fields (Shah-Deniz, Azeri-Chirag-Gyuneshli etc).

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Geologic-geochemical and modelling studies of hydrocarbon migration in the South Caspian basin

Azerbaijan Oil Industry ◽

10.37474/0365-8554/2020-10-4-15 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 4-15

Author(s):

M.F. Tagiyev ◽

◽

I.N. Askerov ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sedimentary Cover ◽

Geochemical Data ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

Hydrocarbon Generation ◽

The South ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

Hydrocarbon Migration ◽

Upward Migration ◽

Modelling Studies ◽

Hydrocarbon Charge

Based on pyrolysis data an overview is given on the generative potential and maturity of individual stratigraphic units in the South Caspian sedimentary cover. Furthermore, the pyrolysis analyses indicate that the Lower Pliocene Productive Series being immature itself is likely to have received hydrocarbon charge from the underlying older strata. The present state of the art in studying hydrocarbon migration and the "source-accumulation" type relationship between source sediments and reservoired oils in the South Caspian basin are touched upon. The views of and geochemical arguments by different authors for charging the Lower Pliocene Productive Series reservoirs with hydrocarbons from the underlying Oligocene-Miocene source layers are presented. Quantitative aspects of hydrocarbon generation, fluid dynamics, and formation of anomalous temperature & pressure fields based on the results of basin modelling in Azerbaijan are considered. Based on geochemical data analysis and modelling studies, as well as honouring reports by other workers the importance and necessity of upward migration for hydrocarbon transfer from deep generation centers to reservoirs of the Productive Series are shown.

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The structure of the sedimentary complex of the Middle and South Caspian depressions (Azerbaijan sector)

Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal ◽

10.24028/gzh.v43i4.239970 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 199-216

Author(s):

N.P. Yusubov ◽

I.S. Guliyev

Keyword(s):

Seismic Data ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Sedimentary Cover ◽

Clay Content ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Point Of View ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

Origin And Evolution ◽

Geological Interpretation ◽

High Degree

The high degree of knowledge of the upper horizons of the sedimentary cover of the Middle and South Caspian depressions, given an insufficient increase in hydrocarbon reserves, leads to the need for a detailed approach to the search for oil and gas deposits in deep-seated sediments (over 6 km). During the geological interpretation of new highly informative seismic data, as well as data of deep drilling and petrological core studies, there were revealed obvious shortcomings in the concepts of the origin and evolution of the Middle and South Caspian depressions. These ideas misinterpret evolution, especially the South Caspian Basin, which is characterized by a number of unique features: very thick sedimentary cover (up to 22 km), extremely high sedimentation rate, low heat flow and reservoir temperatures, abnormally high pore and reservoir pressures, high clay content of the section, etc. The main purpose of the study was to elucidate the regional structure and features of the dissection of the sedimentary cover of the Middle and South Caspian depressions, the conditions of occurrence and distribution of facies and thicknesses of individual complexes of deposits. The paper analyzes the results of some previous studies of the geological structure of the Middle and South Caspian depressions based on the data of deep seismic sounding, seismological and gravimetric observations. We consider the main conclusions of these studies, about the geological structure of the sedimentary complex of the region’s, very outdated and subject to revision. The results of seismic stratigraphic analysis of seismic data allowed the authors to identify new data about the tectonic structure and express a completely different point of view regarding the structure of the sedimentary cover in the region. The work also touches on the issue associated with the tectonics of the region and the alleged subduction zone here.

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