SUBSIDENCE HISTORY AND HYDROCARBON MIGRATION MODELING IN SOUTH CASPIAN BASIN

We study the mechanisms of migration and spacial distribution of hydrocarbon deposits along a regional 1000 km long SW - NE seismic cross section of the South Caspian Basin. A retrospective 2D geological simulation of basin subsidence and sediment filling history is performed taking into account accompanying processes of thermal and catagenetic transformations of organic matter, and subsequent migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons. The start of the basin opening with accumulation of considerable sedimentary mass can be dated as middle Mesozoic (Triassic or Jurassic), and hydrocarbon prone horizons can now be located at depths of 12 km. The hydrocarbon saturation of the Pliocene Productive Series is of epigenetic (allochtonous) nature, which is also confirmed in literature by geochemical data from mud volcanoes and by other facts. Geochemical age, depth of provenance and reworking degree of hydrocarbons point at generation sources in Mesozoic (gas) and Paleogene-Miocene formations (oil) with only subordinate participation of the lower "Productive Series" Pliocene suites. The dominant migration pattern of fluids is interformational (interstratal) intermittent injective subvertical flow along disjunctive planes, zones of increased fracturing and loose rocks, diapir intrusion contacts, eruptives of mud volcanoes, lithofacial unconformities and other structures, breaking the rocks continuity. This implies the possibility of commercial-scale accumulations of hydrocarbons at ultra high depths, if trap structures of sufficiently large sizes are available, comparable with already discovered giant oil and gas fields (Shah-Deniz, Azeri-Chirag-Gyuneshli etc).

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DEVONIAN AND CARBONIFEROUS CARBONATE PLATFORM FACIES IN THE BOLSHOI KARATAU, SOUTHERN KAZAKHSTAN: OUTCROP ANALOGS FOR COEVAL CARBONATE OIL AND GAS FIELDS IN THE NORTH CASPIAN BASIN, WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN

Paleozoic Carbonates of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) ◽

10.2110/pec.02.74.0081 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 81-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

HARRY E. COOK ◽

VIACHESLAV G. ZHEMCHUZHNIKOV ◽

WILLIAM G. ZEMPOLICH ◽

VALENTINA YA. ZHAIMINA ◽

VASILIY M. BUVTYSHKIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Carbonate Platform ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

The North ◽

Oil And Gas Fields ◽

Western Kazakhstan ◽

Gas Fields

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Geochemical conditions of oil and gas potential of the South Caspian basin on the basis of pyrolytic studies of mud volcanoes

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199802007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 ◽

pp. 02007

Author(s):

Rustam Mustaev ◽

Javidan Ismailov ◽

Uliana Serikova

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

Thermal Maturity ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

The South ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

Geochemical Conditions ◽

Geochemical Studies ◽

Gas Potential

This paper provides the results of geochemical studies with products of mud volcanoes conducted for a purpose of evaluating the generative potential of the South-Caspian basin. The kerogen types have been identified for different stratigraphic intervals and stages of the organic matter (OM) thermal maturity have been determined. A correlation has been established between the generative potential and the basin deposition and subsidence rate.

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Search for hydrogeochemical indicators of the genetic relation between mud volcanism and oil and gas fields

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/946/1/012029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 946 (1) ◽

pp. 012029

Author(s):

O A Nikitenko ◽

V V Ershov

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

Sulfate Ions ◽

Genetic Relation ◽

Oil And Gas Fields ◽

Mud Volcanism ◽

Gas Fields

Abstract The paper reports the results of a comparative analysis of the chemical and isotope composition (δ180 and δD) of mud volcanic waters and formation waters from oil and gas fields. Studies show that the waters discharged by mud volcanoes in most cases are very similar to formation waters. The most characteristic geochemical traits of both waters are elevated concentrations of hydrocarbonate ions, iodine, boron, bromine, and a low content of sulfate ions.

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PROGNOSIS OF BAKU ARCHIPELAGO HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL BY TYPES OF MUD VOLCANOES

Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Geology ◽

10.17721/1728-2713.87.08 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

N. Narimanov ◽

G. Gahramanov ◽

M. Babayev ◽

S. Shpyrko ◽

G. Nasibova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Sedimentary Cover ◽

Clear Correlation ◽

Hydrocarbon Potential ◽

Caspian Basin ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

South Caspian Basin ◽

Gas Generation ◽

Deep Faults ◽

Deep Water Part

Mud volcanoes are indicators of the oil and gas generation processes in the hydrocarbon basins and can show the hydrocarbon potential of local anticline structures where they arise. The quantitative study of the composition of gas ejecta from volcanoes and their age can reveal the generation zones in the sedimentary cover and help assess the hydrocarbon bearing potential of an area. Mud volcanoes are often spatially related to the disjunctive faults intersections, and, on the other hand, there is a clear correlation between the location of the major oil and gas deposits and deep faults. Therefore, ejecta of mud volcanoes present a tool for geochemical probing of potentially hydrocarbon bearing structures. We used a spatial analysis of the composition of gases in mud volcanoes in order to reveal the prospective hydrocarbon targets in Baku Archipelago, located in the western part of the South Caspian Basin. The results confirm the prognosis for the existence of major gas condensate and gas accumulations in its deep water part. The calculations for the ages of mud volcanoes show that they refer to Cretaceous and Miocene-Pliocene periods.

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Thermobaric depth settings of sedimentary rock basins and their fluid dynamics: Сommunication 2. Superhigh pressures and mud volcanoes

Литология и полезные ископаемые ◽

10.31857/s0024-497x2019144-59 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 44-59

Author(s):

V. N. Kholodov

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Volcanic Activity ◽

Sedimentary Rock ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Mud Volcanoes ◽

Oil And Gas Fields ◽

Tectonic Faults ◽

Gas Fields

The article discusses the patterns of placement of mud volcanoes, their spatial connection with tectonic faults, anticlinal uplifts, oil and gas fields. The connection of mud volcanic activity with ultrahigh pressures arising in the clay strata of the stratisphere as a result of phase transformations of clay minerals and organic matter is argued. The role of earthquakes in the formation of fractured clays, increasing their permeability and the formation of mud crates is emphasized. On the example of the mud volcano Aligula (Turkmenistan), the processes of dilution of sandstones and clays, the formation of volcanic mud-crates are considered.

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