scholarly journals Influence of cognitive load on the expression of the emotional stroop effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
T. Kutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Stroop Effect ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Emotional Stroop Effect ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hemispheric Interaction

The Emotional Stroop Effect (ESE) is the result of a greater delay in naming colors of written emotional words than colors of written neutral words, because of shifting attention to emotionally meaningful information. ESE is mainly used in psychopathology surveys, but its application is also promising for solving applied psychophysiological problems, from professional screening and neuromarketing to detecting lies and detecting threats from emotionally unstable individuals. Because the ESE is sensitive to testing conditions, various modifications to the Emotional Stroop Test (EST) have been investigated. Within the subtests, neutral and emotional (negatively coloured) words were presented. The inclusion of distractors in subtests (target words, names of plants and animals that were not required to be answered by keystrokes) complicates the task, which manifests itself in a considerable extension of the reaction time. When performing a task with significant cognitive load, the left hand responds to emotional stimuli longer than the right. The results obtained may indicate the formation of a special system for processing emotional information in the right hemisphere, while the left hemisphere focuses on the cognitive task. It is likely that in the case of increased cognitive load, the subsystems for processing emotional and cognitive information operate relatively autonomously, inter-hemispheric interaction is enhanced, and functional asymmetry is reduced. As cognitive pressure decreases, functional asymmetry is likely to increase inter-hemispheric interaction, and ESE is not detected. The obtained values of latent periods of reaction to emotionally significant and neutral stimuli can be used to develop scales and criteria for evaluating a person's emotional reactions when it is needed.

P2-295: Prototypical emotional Stroop effect in the onset of Alzheimer's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S_Part_10) ◽  
pp. P367-P367
Author(s):  
Molka Snoussi ◽  
Mohamed Rebaî ◽  
Didier Hannequin ◽  
Thibault Simon ◽  
Heidi Charvin
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Stroop Effect ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Emotional Stroop Effect

scholarly journals Word Wins Over Face: Emotional Stroop Effect Activates the Frontal Cortical Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Ovaysikia ◽  
Khalid A. Tahir ◽  
Jason L. Chan ◽  
Joseph F. X. DeSouza
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Effect ◽  
Cortical Network ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Emotional Stroop Effect

Words may not be enough! No increased emotional Stroop effect in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1101-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Moritz ◽  
Benny-Kristin Fischer ◽  
Birgit Hottenrott ◽  
Michael Kellner ◽  
Susanne Fricke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Stroop Effect ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Emotional Stroop Effect

scholarly journals Brain Functional Asymmetry of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): the Example of Auditory Laterality

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Szymańska ◽  
Maciej Trojan ◽  
Anna Jakucińska ◽  
Katarzyna Wejchert ◽  
Maciej Kapusta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Single Sample ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Orientation Reaction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
The Right

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify whether chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) demonstrate an auditory laterality during the orientation reaction, and which hemisphere is responsible for processing the emotional stimuli and which for the species-specific vocalizations. The study involved nine chimpanzees from the Warsaw Municipal Zoological Garden. They were tested individually in their bedrooms. Chimpanzees approached a tube filled with food, located in the centre of the cage. Randomly selected sounds were played from the speakers when the subject was focused on getting food. Individual reactions were observed and outcomes reported. The four types of sound used: thunderstorm, dog barking, chimpanzee vocalization and a zookeeper’s voice. To test whether chimpanzees demonstrate auditory laterality we used a single sample X2 test. The existence of auditory laterality has been confirmed. The sound of the storm caused the orientation reaction to the left, while chimpanzee vocalization - to the right. On this basis we can conclude that among chimpanzees, arousing stimuli are being processed by the right hemisphere, and species-specific vocalizations by the left. However, the set of stimuli was limited so the study did not unequivocally resolve this issue.

Cognitive and Emotional Modulation of Brain Default Operation

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Johanne Pallesen ◽  
Elvira Brattico ◽  
Christopher J. Bailey ◽  
Antti Korvenoja ◽  
Albert Gjedde
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Emotional Stimulus ◽  
Default Network ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Musical Sounds

Goal-directed behavior lowers activity in brain areas that include the medial frontal cortex, the medial and lateral parietal cortex, and limbic and paralimbic brain regions, commonly referred to as the “default network.” These activity decreases are believed to reflect the interruption of processes that are ongoing when the mind is in a restful state. Previously, the nature of these processes was probed by varying cognitive task parameters, but the presence of emotional processes, while often assumed, was little investigated. With fMRI, we studied the effect of systematic variations of both cognitive load and emotional stimulus connotation on task-related decreases in the default network by employing an auditory working memory (WM) task with musical sounds. The performance of the WM task, compared to passive listening, lowered the activity in medial and lateral, prefrontal, parietal, temporal, and limbic regions. In a subset of these regions, the magnitude of decrease depended on the memory load; the greater the cognitive load, the larger the magnitude of the observed decrease. Furthermore, in the right amygdala and the left precuneus, areas previously associated with processing of unpleasant dissonant musical sounds, there was an interaction between the experimental condition and the stimulus type. The current results are consistent with the previously reported effect of task difficulty on task-related brain activation decreases. The results also indicate that task-related decreases may be further modulated by the emotional stimulus connotation.

Neural basis of the emotional Stroop interference effect in major depression

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Mitterschiffthaler ◽  
S. C. R. Williams ◽  
N. D. Walsh ◽  
A. J. Cleare ◽  
C. Donaldson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Stroop Effect ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
Emotional Stroop Task ◽  
Emotional Stroop Effect

BackgroundA mood-congruent sensitivity towards negative stimuli has been associated with development and maintenance of major depressive disorder (MDD). The emotional Stroop task assesses interference effects arising from the conflict of emotional expressions consistent with disorder-specific self-schemata and cognitive colour-naming instructions. Functional neuroimaging studies of the emotional Stroop effect advocate a critical involvement of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during these processes.MethodSubjects were 17 medication-free individuals with unipolar MDD in an acute depressive episode (mean age 39 years), and 17 age-, gender- and IQ-matched healthy volunteers. In an emotional Stroop task, sad and neutral words were presented in various colours, and subjects were required to name the colour of words whilst undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Overt verbal responses were acquired with a clustered fMRI acquisition sequence.ResultsIndividuals with depression showed greater increases in response time from neutral to sad words relative to controls. fMRI data showed a significant engagement of left rostral ACC (BA 32) and right precuneus during sad words in patients relative to controls. Additionally, rostral ACC activation was positively correlated with latencies of negative words in MDD patients. Healthy controls did not have any regions of increased activation compared to MDD patients.ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence for a behavioural and neural emotional Stroop effect in MDD and highlight the importance of the ACC during monitoring of conflicting cognitive processes and mood-congruent processing in depression.

The locus of the emotional Stroop effect: A study with the PRP paradigm

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Janczyk ◽  
Susanne Augst ◽  
Wilfried Kunde
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Effect ◽  
Emotional Stroop ◽  
Emotional Stroop Effect ◽  
Prp Paradigm
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