Percussive-Abrasive Stone Tools from Chagyrskaya Cave: Results of Functional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
M. V. Seletsky ◽  
◽  
A. Y. Fedorchenko ◽  
P. V. Chistyakov ◽  
S. V. Markin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Abrasive Stone

В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования каменных ударно-абразивных орудий активного действия из Чагырской пещеры с использованием экспериментально-трасологического и статистического методов, дополненных 3D-моделированием. Проведенные эксперименты в сочетании с трасологическим анализом позволили определить функции этих орудий путем сопоставления рабочих зон и следов утилизации на инструментах в полученной эталонной и археологической коллекциях. В результате выявлено 19 ретушеров, четыре отбойника для обработки минерального сырья и один для расщепления кости, что свидетельствует о доминировании в каменной индустрии Чагырской пещеры вторичной обработки над первичным расщеплением. С помощью статистического анализа прослежены различия в размерности манупортов и исследуемых орудий. Указанные артефакты не только являются перспективным и недооцененным источником информации для идентификации хозяйственно-трудовых операций, связанных с обработкой камня и кости, но и могут предоставить новые данные о функциональной принадлежности стоянок и мобильности древних гоминин.

Percussive-Abrasive Stone Tools from Chagyrskaya Cave: Results of Functional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
M. V. Seletsky ◽  
A. Y. Fedorchenko ◽  
P. V. Chistyakov ◽  
S. V. Markin ◽  
K. A. Kolobova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Lithic Assemblage ◽  
Wear Analysis ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Experimental Use ◽  
Abrasive Stone ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Reference Samples ◽  
Comprehensive Study

This article presents a comprehensive study of percussive-abrasive active stone tools from Chagyrskaya Cave, using experimental use-wear and statistical methods, supplemented by 3D-modeling. Experiments combined with use- wear analysis allowed us to determine the functions of these tools by comparing the working surfaces and use-wear traces in the Chagyrskaya samples with those in the reference samples. As a result, we identified 19 retouchers, four hammerstones for processing mineral raw materials, and one hammer for splitting bone, which indicates the dominance of secondary processing over primary knapping in the Chagyrskaya lithic assemblage. Using statistical analysis, we traced the differences in the dimensions of the manuports and lithics under study. These artifacts are a promising and underestimated source of information for identifying working operations associated with stone- and bone-processing; moreover, they can provide new data on the functional attribution of sites and the mobility of early hominins.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of sandstone ground stone tools: arguments for a qualitative and quantitative synergetic approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Zupancich ◽  
Emanuela Cristiani
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

Abstract In the last few years, the application of quantitative methods in the field of use wear analysis has grown considerably, involving the use of different techniques. A development in surface measurements approaches has become necessary as standard assessments based upon qualitative functional analysis are often affected by a degree of subjectivity and a limited reproducibility. To advance the current methodological debate on functional analysis of ground stone technology, we present a combined methodological approach, including qualitative and quantitative analyses, applied to the study of experimental sandstone ground stone tools. We test surface quantification at a macro and micro-scale, paired with the observation and description of residue and use wear connected to the processing of plant, animal and mineral matters. Our results provide an exhaustive quantitative dataset concerning surface modifications associated with different uses and suggest an analytical workflow for the functional analysis of both experimental and archaeological ground stone assemblages. We also highlight the limitation and pitfalls of an exclusive adoption of quantitative methods in the study of ancient tool use demonstrating how a synergetic approach can enhance the quality, reproducibility and comparability of functional data.

A Functional Analysis of Certain Chipped Stone Tools

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Frison
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Tool Use ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Chipped Stone ◽  
Late Prehistoric Period

AbstractA Late Prehistoric period buffalo kill and butchering site in northern Wyoming (Site 48 JO 312) produced a large number of stone tools. Flakes removed in sharpening stone tools provided much of the interpretation of the activity that occurred at the site and in addition gave a number of ideas concerning tool use and sharpening.

Functional Analysis of Stone Tools: A Cautionary Note on the Role of Animal Fats

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Brose
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Functional Site ◽  
Cautionary Note ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Use Factors

Recent studies have suggested that variations in areal distributions of utilized and non-utilized lithic materials can aid in the delineation of functional site areas. Microscopic analyses of experimentally produced and utilized flakes suggest that due to an accumulation of animal fats along the working edge significant numbers of utilized flakes may not display wear indicating use. Factors of lithology and variations in butchering technique are considered and implications for areal patterns explored.

scholarly journals TRAIL - An Experimental Trace and Residue Reference Library for the functional analysis of stone tools in Liège

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerle Rots
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Reference Library ◽  
Site Function ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Experimental Reference

The document presents the experimental reference library for wear traces and residues on stone tools that has been created at TraceoLab, University of Liège, Belgium. This collection has been named TRAIL (“Traces In Liège”) and intends to provide a route (a trail) towards improved understanding of archaeological wear traces and residues. Through that means, it aims to contribute to an improved understanding of prehistoric stone tools, technologies, site function and past human behaviour. TRAIL has been gradually build up since the creation of TraceoLab in 2012. Since only part of the collection has been integrated in publications up to now, general details are included here on how the reference library is composed. This document serves as a basis to understand the composition of TRAIL and to gain insight in which publications of TraceoLab members contain what parts of the TRAIL reference library. This document will be gradually expanded upon as experiments proceed.

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