wear analysis
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Author(s):  
Maria Proskuryakova ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina Nosova ◽  
Dmitrii Veber ◽  
Anastasia Loboda ◽  
...  

The article presents the results of the trace-wear analysis and elemental composition of the arks of the pendant seals of 1700—1801 from the charters of Russian Emperors Peter the Greate, Catherine I, Peter II, Anna Ioannovna, Elizabeth Petrovna, Catherine the Greate and Paul I. The objects were studied in terms of their iconography, technological features, and metal composition. Comparison with historical documents shows that in the manufacture of all the arks the masters followed the iconography, regulated by decrees, and in general the artifacts reflect heraldic innovations of different periods. The peculiarities of the technological methods of the master jewelers of different periods, used in the production of these status items, have been identified. The evolution of the technology of making Russian seal arks has been revealed. The earliest ark (1700) was identified as belonging to the European technological tradition. The other arks belong to a different technological tradition, inclined to a more decorative depiction and the use of small complex embossings. Two of the arks show signs of later surface plating with electroplated gilding.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponsuriyaprakash S. ◽  
Udhayakumar P. ◽  
Pandiyarajan R.

Purpose This study aims to the optimization using three factors and three-level parameters (sliding speed [rpm], sliding distance [m/s] and load [N]) of design matrix were adapted to Box–Behnken design using design expert v8.0 software. Based on the parameters, to develop the linear regression equation and to find the significant considerable wear process parameters based on output responses like wear loss (WL) and coefficient of friction (COF) value of polymer matrix composites (PMC) specimen of Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)/cellulose composite (80 wt% of ABS and 20 wt% of cellulose). Design/methodology/approach The fabrication of the ABS/cellulose composite sample was carried out by the simple hands-on stir process method. As per the American Society for Testing and Materials G99 standard, the sample was made by the molding process. The wear analysis was made by multi tribotester TR25 machine and validated the developed model by using statistical software design expert v.8.0 and numerical tools like analysis of variance. The surface morphology [field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis] of the sample was also observed using the Quanta FEG-250 FESEM instrument. Findings The parameters like sliding speed, sliding distance and load are independently affected the COF value and WL of the 80% of ABS matrix and 20% cellulose reinforced composite material. The regression equations were generated by the coefficient of friction value and WL, which predicted the minimum WL of 80% of ABS matrix and 20% of cellulose reinforced composite material. The worn surface analysis result exposes the worn path and equal distribution of reinforcement and matrix on the surface of composite material. Originality/value The literature survey revealed a small number of studies available regarding wear analysis of ABS matrix and cellulose reinforced composite materials. In the present work, to fabricate and evaluate the wear performance of PMC (80% of ABS and 20% of cellulose) depends on the WL and COF value. The maximum and minimum COF value (µ) of 80% of ABS and 20% of cellulose composite material is 4.71 and 0.28 with the optimized wear process parameter by 1,000 mm of sliding distance, 0.25 (m/s) of sliding speed and 9 N of load.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-653
Author(s):  
A. Awasthi ◽  
N. Panwar ◽  
M. Pant ◽  
S. Bala ◽  
M.D. Sharma ◽  
...  

Mechanika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-512
Author(s):  
Renata ZARĘBA ◽  
Tomasz MAZUR ◽  
Krzysztof OLEJARCZYK ◽  
Damian BZINKOWSKI

In the paper, an issue of CMM measurement strategy of the sleeves and pins designed for wear tests in the cycloidal drive. The measurement strategy was proposed, based on initial out-of-roundness measurement in scanning mode. Proposed approach ensured that the pin was measured along its entire 40 mm length with only small area of fixation ca. 5 mm left out, and all probing points for cylindricity deviation assessment were collected in one fixation. It was demonstrated that the cylindricity and roundness measurement results based on 8, 16 and 48 probing points provided sufficient data for further wear analysis. In some cases, the circles calculated from 4 points gave additional insights allowing to accept the part that otherwise might be possibly rejected.


Measurement ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110584
Author(s):  
Leibo Song ◽  
Quan Jiang ◽  
Zhen Zhong ◽  
Feng Dai ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 2139 (1) ◽  
pp. 012018
Author(s):  
J H Arévalo-Ruedas ◽  
E Espinel-Blanco ◽  
E Florez-Solano

Abstract The useful life of the tools is a very important economic factor in the metal industry, so any improvement of the tool or material that can extend the useful life of the tools is productive. Tool deterioration can cause damage, cracking and vibration to the tool, and even damage to the machine. Effective tool wear control is most important. Effective tool wear control is most important. At present, there are some tools that can obtain the necessary conditions through digital image processing, and study their lifespan according to their work cycle, as well as the types of possible relationships between the pixels of the image and the different modes of operation, allowing the extraction or isolation of the objects considered. This work analyzes the wear of the tool with the application of two-dimensional matrices with the toolbox of the MATLAB software, which allows to monitor the status of the inserts with the comparison of images in gray scales, in addition, a method of analysis based on interfaces is also being studied; through it, users can access the database that has been implemented, as well as a set of images used to verify the functions developed, determining the wear on the cutting tool.


Author(s):  
Egidijus Katinas ◽  
Rostilav Choteborsky

Agricultural equipment is working in very high-stress conditions. However, it has a significant influence on the wear losses of soil processing parts. Chisel is operating at 30 cm working depth at a maximum of 12 km·h−1 working speed. Due to unpredictable soil conditions, chisel tines suffer high wear losses. It leads to time consumption and cost expenses during the soil preparation period. Wear resistance, and agronomical requirements (working depth, loosening of soil) are the main criteria of agricultural equipment producers. The discrete element method is a solution that simulates soil as sphere shape particles with soil properties. Wear results reveal the change of parts shape, acting forces, and stresses during the simulation in the virtual soil bin. The used Rocky DEM software uses a parameter C (volume/shear work ratio) to describe wear intensity, which varies for different geometry. Chisel tine geometry should be divided into sections with varied parameter C according to stress acting on the surface. The test conditions can be used for future wear analysis of varied tool geometry and protection (sintered tungsten carbide plates, hard-faced surface, etc.) agricultural tools to compare its durability in different soil conditions.


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