scholarly journals Learning-by-export effects in the russian software industry

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
E. O. Bozheva
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Products ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Impact

Learning-by-export effects exist due to the nature of the creation, accumulation, transfer of knowledge, as well as the companies’ absorption capacity to accumulate and adapt the best experience, competences borrowed from abroadwithin the organization. The length and direction of exports have a significant impact on the innovation activities of organizations, while innovations do not always encourage the leaders to initiate export activities. In the course of empirical research, we have identified the following rules in relation to Russian IT-firms:1) New IT-exporters have no visible link between the introduction of new products, technologies and the start of exports. Investments in research and development, which may have been initiated after entering foreign markets or at the same time, have not yet yielded results. 2) Stable export activity encourages IT-companies to apply new technological, process and marketing innovations that were not previously part of the firm's plans, much more often than firms in the local market. 3) The impact of external knowledge effects on the productivity of IT-companies depends on the geographical direction of exports: a) the markets of the near abroad (CIS countries) and Russia itself;b) the markets of the far abroad. 4) Investments in R&D, marketing and production of new products are more typical for companies located in capitals (Moscow and Saint-Petersburg). On the contrary, the relationship between the presence of an international office and the introduction of innovations has not been proven. The size of companies has only affected the production of new technologies: if a company is a medium-sized enterprise or a larger one, the probability of innovation is increased by 22%. 5) The smaller the firm, the lower its desire to participate in extensive innovation networks, increase the number and diversity of external relations. The size of the company determines the level of influence of cooperation with other market participants on its internal innovation processThe article discusses the classification of knowledge spillover effects, the methodology of the study, the analysis of the economic impact of the process "flow" as a result of entering foreign markets. The paper’s emphasis is on assessment of recipients’ capabilities to accumulate new knowledge in the course of export activities, to extract advantages in terms of future development such as increasing innovation activity and, consequently, attractiveness, resulting in higher performance efficiency.

scholarly journals Methods of assessing the efficiency of innovation activities of industrial enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 07029
Author(s):  
Nikolay Voytolovskiy ◽  
Andrey Butyrin ◽  
Andrey Chizhik
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Product ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Projects ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to improve the methods for assessing the efficiency of innovation activity of an enterprise. The paper proposes a system of economic indicators to assess the market attractiveness of innovation projects and the readiness of the enterprise to implement them. Using these indicators, it is possible to predict the potential of an innovative product on the market, as well as to determine the financial and economic opportunities of the enterprise. The presented methods for assessing the impact of innovations on the development efficiency of the enterprise’s economic activities allow determining the growth rates of the main economic indicators of the organization. The developed mechanism for a comprehensive assessment of the implementation of innovations at the enterprise allows determining the commercial effectiveness of the introduction of innovations and the impact of new technologies on the intercompany results of the enterprise, resulting in the possibility of taking into account the commercial and intercompany efficiency of investment in projects.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Mechanism for Funding Innovation Activities in a Region in the Context of Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-694
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Semenova ◽  
Victor I. Chugunov ◽  
Regina A. Kolomasova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. In order to ensure sustainable development of modern society, a transition to an innovative model of economic development is necessary. This requires an annual increase in investment in the sphere of innovation, as well as significant expenditures on fundamental and applied research and development of new technologies. This necessitates the creation of an effective mechanism of financial support for innovative activities based on public and private funding. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing mechanism for funding innovation activities in the Republic of Mordovia and to put forward suggestions on how to improve it. Materials and Methods. The authors analyzed statistical data from the Ministry of Industry, Science and New Technologies of the Republic of Mordovia and from the territorial office of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Republic of Mordovia that characterize the dynamics and intensity of innovation processes in the region and the system of funding them. The correlation and regression analysis, as well as the trend method were used to construct an econometric model making it possible to determine the impact of the level of innovation costs on the dynamics of change in the gross regional product. Results. The current state of the innovation infrastructure as well as that of the innovation activities in the Republic of Mordovia has been assessed. The sources of financial support for the innovation process in a region have been identified. In order to find new sources of funding innovations, it has been proposed to use an innovation voucher that would stimulate commercialization of intellectual activities in small and medium-sized enterprises. A mechanism has been developed for regional authorities to subsidize promising projects through public-private partnerships, with a view to minimizing nonsystematic risks. Discussion and Conclusion. The recommendations on the search for new instruments to attract financial resources for innovation and to stimulate demand for innovation have been developed and will help Mordovia to increase its innovation activity. The results of this research may be used by regional authorities to develop regional programs for scientific and innovative development.

scholarly journals Sources, Obstacles and Effects of Innovation Activities in the Lubuskie Region in 2009-2011 – Probit Modeling

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Świadek ◽  
Jadwiga Gorączkowska
Keyword(s):  
Test Method ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Dichotomous Variables ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to determine the significance of the use of probit modeling and the impact of sources and barriers to innovation activity and to determine its effects, in particular investments in innovation and implementation of new solutions. The main hypothesis of this paper is the claim that the innovative activity of enterprises is dependent on the diversity of factors affecting the parties, and both the source and the barriers can be influenced in different directions. The collected material for research (545 surveys) were analyzed by means of probability. The reason for the choice of this method is the fact that in the case of dichotomous variables (ie, taking the value of 0-no, 1-yes) the use of multiple regression is pointless. The values of this function may in fact be negative, which deprives them of interpretive meaning. An alternative test method in this situation is the probit regression. Positively to the implementation of new solutions affects search for information on innovations in science. The transfer of knowledge and the creation of new technological solutions, in particular, contribute to international research bodies. This strong links with R&D in the future may result in the achievement of superiority in the region. Interestingly it appears that keeping a positive effect on innovation activity affects their high cost. It’s not disstimulating on companies to implement such new products and processes. It can therefore draw the thesis that high expenditures on innovative activities of entrepreneurs make thorough preparation for innovation processes in their companies in order to minimize the risk of failure of implementing the new solution. In this way, many of them are successful. In addition, this thesis confirms the correctness of the fact that more than half of the surveyed companies indicated the cost barrier, and so much of the reasoning confirms the research sample.

scholarly journals Innovation in the Textiles Sector: A Firm-Level Analysis of Technological and Nontechnological Innovation

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 129-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Wadho ◽  
Azam Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Innovation Rate

In a knowledge-based economy, it has become increasingly important to better understand critical aspects of the innovation process such as innovation activities beyond R&D, the interaction among different actors in the market and the relevant knowledge flows. Using a sample of 431 textiles and apparel manufacturers, this paper explores the dynamics of firms’ innovation activities by analyzing their innovation behavior, the extent and types of innovation, the resources devoted to innovation, sources of knowledge spillovers, the factors hampering technological innovation and the returns to innovation for three years, 2013–15. Our results show that 56 percent of the surveyed firms introduced technological and/or nontechnological innovations, while 38 percent introduced new products, these innovations were generally incremental as the majority of innovations were new only to the firm. Furthermore, the innovation rate increases with firm size; large firms have an innovation rate of 83 percent, followed by medium firms (68 percent) and small firms (39 percent). Technologically innovative firms spent, on average, 10 percent of their turnover on innovation expenditure in 2015. Acquisition of machinery and equipment is the main innovation activity, accounting for 56 percent of innovation expenditures. Large firms consider foreign market sources (clients and suppliers) and small firms consider local market sources their key source of information and cooperation. 63 percent of technological innovators cite improving the quality of goods as their most important objective. Lack of available funds within the enterprise is the single most important cost factor hampering innovation, followed by the high cost of innovation. Our results show that 67 percent of the turnover among product innovators in 2015 resulted from product innovations that were either new to the market or new to the firm.

Technological Disruptions, GVCs, and Industrial Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 484-504
Author(s):  
David Bailey ◽  
Lisa De Propris
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technology Industries ◽  
High Technology Industries

This chapter examines the impact of technological change on global value chains (GVCs) and what initiatives and instruments governments in advanced economies can deploy to support firms and people during the transition. Drawing on an emerging debate on de-globalization, we discuss how global production is slowly shifting from being organized in GVCs to continental platforms with shorter and geographically closer relationships as firms seek to co-locate manufacturing and innovation activities. This offers regions and places the opportunity to upgrade and transform their economies and thereby to anchor high-technology industries, leveraging industrial legacy with frontier technologies. We will discuss the implications for a transformative place-based industrial policy that aims to connect embedded industries to new technologies; to repopulate embedded industries with new firms and start-ups, and to use regulation and procurement to create new markets and allow exploration.

scholarly journals The intellectual capital of an enterprise: the innovative aspect

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Miroshnychenko
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Prime Factors ◽  
Innovation Capital

The interpretation of the category “intellectual capital” and approaches to determining the structure of intellectual capital have been considered in the study. The innovation capital, the use of which can increase the company’s competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets, takes an important place in the structure of intellectual capital. The article contains analytical results of the innovation activity of Ukrainian enterprises. The prime factors limiting the innovation activity of Ukrainian enterprises have been defined. Consideration has been given to the features of financing innovation activities in Ukraine. The suggestions, the implementation of which at the state level shall promote the effectiveness of innovation activity of Ukrainian enterprises, have been put forward.Key words: intellectual capital, innovation, innovation activity, enterpriseИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫЙ КАПИТАЛ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ: ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ АСПЕКТOльга Mирошниченко Резюме В статье рассмотрена трактовка категории «ин­теллектуальный капитал», подходы к опреде­лению структуры интеллектуального капитала. Важное место в структуре интеллектуального капитала занимает инновационный капитал, использование которого способно повысить конкурентоспособность предприятия на вну­треннем и внешнем рынках. Статья содержит результаты анализа инновационной активности украинских предприятий. Выделены основные факторы, ограничивающие инновационную ак­тивность предприятий Украины. Рассмотрены особенности финансирования инновационной деятельности в Украине. Внесены предложения, реализация которых на государственном уровне будет способствовать повышению эффективно­сти инновационной деятельности украинских предприятий.

scholarly journals Fuentes externas de conocimiento y su efecto sobre el esfuerzo innovador en los sectores industriales y de servicios en España

2008 ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Gloria Sánchez González ◽  
Liliana Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
New Products ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
External Information ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Present Complex ◽  
External Agents ◽  
External Sources

Hoy en día, no son los fabricantes los únicos encargados del desarrollo de nuevos productos, procesos o servicios, sino que se hace necesario reconocer la importancia que tienen otros agentes externos a la empresa como fuente de actividades innovadoras. La complejidad y dinamismo de los entornos actuales obliga a las empresas a complementar su base interna de conocimientos con otros procedentes del exterior. Estas circunstancias han llevado a distinguir entre fuentes internas y externas de innovación. Puesto que las primeras han sido suficientemente estudiadas y analizadas en la literatura, el presente trabajo pretende avanzar sobre el conocimiento de las segundas y sus implicaciones en la actividad innovadora de las empresas. Para ello se ha analizado la influencia de nueve de esas fuentes externas sobre la intensidad total de la actividad innovadora y de las actividades de I+D intramuros y extramuros del conjunto del sector productivo español durante el periodo 2001-2003, llegando a la conclusión de que los clientes son quienes mayor impacto ejercen en los tres casos.<br /><br />Manufacturers are currently not the only ones in charge of developing new products, processes or services. Instead, nowadays it is necessary to recognize the importante of other external agents to the organization as sources of innovation activities. The present complex and dynamic environments force organizations to complement their internal knowledge with other sorts of external information. These circumstances have created a distinction between internal and external innovation sources. Given that the first have been studied and analysed thoroughly in the literature, the present study tries to advance in the understanding of the second and its mplications with regard to the organizations' innovation activities. In order to achieve this objective, the present article analyzes the effect of nine external sources on the total innovation activity intensity and also on the internal and external R&amp;D activities of the whole Spanish productive sector during the period spanning from 2001 to 2003. This study concludes that cooperation with customers had the most significant effect in all of the tree cases.<br />

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of design on the development of digital services

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Santos Garbulho ◽  
André Leme Fleury ◽  
Eduardo Camillo Kasparevicis Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
New Products ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organizational Strategy ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
Design Activities ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper analyzes how design diffusion is changing the organizational logics of established companies. If previously design activities had as its main objective packaging new technologies to create differentials for products and services and to reduce production costs, with the diffusion of digital services currently design activities expand its scope and identify functional and emotional needs from users that are relevant for creating differentiated experiences, that in turn will result in new products and services that incorporate existing and emerging technologies of the firm. This transformation reveals a new organizational strategy, in which design assumes a more relevant position for the creation of innovative business models. However, a point not yet considered in the literature is how companies are restructuring their operations in order to benefit from this transition. This paper analyzes how Brazilian organizations of different sizes and sectors have redefined their management models in order to incorporate design as a catalyst of change. The obtained framework consolidates the main propositions of design while directing of the changes in the organizations in the operational, tactical and strategic levels.

Foreign Direct Investment as a Development Strategy

2013 ◽  
pp. 13-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nur Ozkan-Gunay ◽  
Yusuf Cukurcayir
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Innovative Capability ◽  
The Impact

This chapter investigates the spillover effects of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on innovation capability in four competing emerging economies in the district of Eastern Europe, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Turkey, for the period 1995-2008. Panel data models are employed to test two competing hypotheses regarding the impact of FDI on innovation capability: it may improve the innovation capability of host countries via spillover channels, or may lead to the crowding-out effect through the importation of technologies via joint ventures. The empirical evidence corroborates that FDI inflows generate spillover effects on domestic innovation capability in competing emerging countries, supporting the hypothesis that inward FDI brings knowledge spillovers, new technologies, and products into the host country and promotes the innovation capability of domestic firms. In addition, the level of human capital stock and qualified researchers play a crucial role in stimulating innovative capability and technological progress.

An Analytical Modelling Approach for Assessing the Impact of Competition on a Homogenous Product Firm’s Investment Decision in Innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. S39-S53
Author(s):  
Arnab Adhikari ◽  
Samit Paul
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decision ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Analytical Modelling ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Optimal Output ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The Impact

Since the 2000s, the world has experienced a phenomenal growth of innovation initiatives in the homogenous product business. In this context, market competition is considered as one of the most important factors that influence innovation. Still, there is an absence of studies that capture the impact of competition on the innovation activities of homogenous product firms. Also, there is a dearth of analytical works that facilitate the theorization of the impact of competition on a firm’s innovation activities. It motivates us to propose an analytical methodology to assess the impact of the competition on a firm’s innovation in the context of the homogenous product market. We present a quantity competition based Cournot model to determine a homogenous product firm’s optimal output quantity and profitability. Here, we introduce a novel ‘innovation factor’ that describes a homogenous product firm’s innovation capability. We also devise the criteria regarding firm’s incentive to make an investment decision in innovation activity. According to our findings using analytical modelling and numerical analysis, a firm’s profitability decreases with increasing degree of competition. Also, a firm’s incentive to engage in innovation activity depends on the degree of competition, its innovation capability and fixed costs associated with the innovation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document