scholarly journals Paroxysmal disorders in the long-term after traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-82
Author(s):  
N. N. Zavadenko ◽  
Yu. E. Nesterovskiy ◽  
A. A. Kholin ◽  
I. S. Vorobyeva
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Eeg Activity ◽  
Posttraumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Paroxysmal Disorders

Consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children and adolescents pose a major medical and social problem, as TBI interferes with neuro ontogenesis. Among these consequences, paroxysmal disorders that manifest in the long-term after TBI represent an important issue. These disorders include posttraumatic headaches, posttraumatic epilepsy and subclinical epileptiform EEG activity. In this review, clinical manifestations, pathophysiology and management of the long-term post-TBI paroxysmal disorders in children and adolescents are discussed.

Long-term neuropsychological performance in a cohort of children and adolescents after severe paediatric traumatic brain injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 895-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Van Heugten ◽  
J. Hendriksen ◽  
S. Rasquin ◽  
B. Dijcks ◽  
D. Jaeken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance

Mortality after traumatic brain injury and the effect of posttraumatic epilepsy

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. e878-e883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessina Uski ◽  
Salla Lamusuo ◽  
Simo Teperi ◽  
Eliisa Löyttyniemi ◽  
Olli Tenovuo
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Posttraumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Long Term Mortality

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) on mortality and causes of death after traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsMedical reports were collected retrospectively of patients who sustained TBI between 1996 and 2013. After defining patients with PTE and picking up 2 non-PTE matched TBI controls for every patient with PTE, the database included 714 patients. Demographic data, cause and mechanism of injury, nature of injury (focal injury, intracranial bleeding), time from accident to first seizure, remission rates, neurosurgical operations undertaken, and mortality data were collected.ResultsOf the 714 patients, 555 (77.7%) were men and 159 (22.3%) were women. There was an obvious increase in long-term mortality in patients with PTE compared to control TBI patients. This increase became evident after about 1 year from the injury, when approximately 95% of both non-PTE and PTE patients were alive; after that, the difference in mortality increased. The difference remained significant at least up to 15 years from the injury, when around 65% of non-PTE patients with TBI were alive compared to only 45% of patients with PTE. In patients with PTE, the mortality was 1.75 times higher (p = 0.0001). There was no significant difference in causes of death.ConclusionThis study shows that long-term mortality is higher in patients with PTE than other patients with TBI, although the reasons for this difference remain unclear.

Traumatic Brain Injury: A Trauma Surgeon's Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Oscar D. Guillamondegui
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
The United States ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Injured Brain ◽  
The Moment

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious epidemic in the United States. It affects patients of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). The current care of these patients typically manifests after sequelae have been identified after discharge from the hospital, long after the inciting event. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of identification and management of the TBI patient from the moment of injury through long-term care as a multidisciplinary approach. By promoting an awareness of the issues that develop around the acutely injured brain and linking them to long-term outcomes, the trauma team can initiate care early to alter the effect on the patient, family, and community. Hopefully, by describing the care afforded at a trauma center and by a multidisciplinary team, we can bring a better understanding to the armamentarium of methods utilized to treat the difficult population of TBI patients.

Prosodic Impairment Associated With Traumatic Brain Injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Billy Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Individual Variations

Abstract Purpose: This article discusses impaired prosody production subsequent to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prosody may affect naturalness and intelligibility of speech significantly, often for the long term, and TBI may result in a variety of impairments. Method: Intonation, rate, and stress production are discussed in terms of the perceptual, physiological, and acoustic characteristics associated with TBI. Results and Conclusions: All aspects of prosodic production are susceptible to the effects of damage resulting from TBI. There are commonly associated prosodic impairments; however, individual variations in specific aspects of prosody require detailed analysis.

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