scholarly journals On the Finiteness of Hulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Florian Mauer
Keyword(s):  
Representation Theory ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Discrete Representation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Breaking Work

Let β≥φΛ. Is it possible to characterize normal, almost surely semi-degenerate categories? We show that K ̄is comparable to k. The ground breaking work of P. Laplace on vectors was a major advance. Recent developments in advanced discrete representation theory[1] have raised the question of whether the re exists a sub-continuous factor.

Multiple Myeloma: From Front-Line to Relapsed Therapies

2015 ◽  
pp. e504-e511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Moreau ◽  
Cyrille Touzeau
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Disease Relapse ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Optimal Sequencing ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Phase Ii And Iii ◽  
Multiple Relapses

Recent developments in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) have led to improvements in response rates and to increased survival. A major advance in the last decade has been the introduction of the novel agents thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide as part of front-line treatment in both the transplant and nontransplant settings. However, disease relapse is inevitable for the majority of patients and myeloma typically recurs more aggressively with each relapse, eventually leading to the development of treatment-refractory disease. Several phase II and III trials have demonstrated the efficacy of recently approved agents in the setting of relapsed and relapsed and refractory MM, including pomalidomide and carfilzomib. Ixazomib, an oral proteasome inhibitor, and multiple other novel classes of agents are being investigated. These include monoclonal antibodies and histone deacetylase inhibitors, which may further add to the therapeutic armamentarium for this malignancy. Therefore, in a disease characterized by multiple relapses, the optimal sequencing of the different effective options is an important consideration in attempting to prolong survival.

scholarly journals Coupling functions: dynamical interaction mechanisms in the physical, biological and social sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2160) ◽  
pp. 20190039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Stankovski ◽  
Tiago Pereira ◽  
Peter V. E. McClintock ◽  
Aneta Stefanovska
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Dynamical Interaction ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Interaction Mechanisms ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Functional Mechanisms ◽  
Breaking Work

Dynamical systems are widespread, with examples in physics, chemistry, biology, population dynamics, communications, climatology and social science. They are rarely isolated but generally interact with each other. These interactions can be characterized by coupling functions—which contain detailed information about the functional mechanisms underlying the interactions and prescribe the physical rule specifying how each interaction occurs. Coupling functions can be used, not only to understand, but also to control and predict the outcome of the interactions. This theme issue assembles ground-breaking work on coupling functions by leading scientists. After overviewing the field and describing recent advances in the theory, it discusses novel methods for the detection and reconstruction of coupling functions from measured data. It then presents applications in chemistry, neuroscience, cardio-respiratory physiology, climate, electrical engineering and social science. Taken together, the collection summarizes earlier work on coupling functions, reviews recent developments, presents the state of the art, and looks forward to guide the future evolution of the field. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Coupling functions: dynamical interaction mechanisms in the physical, biological and social sciences’.

scholarly journals A Survey of Racks and Quandles: Some Recent Developments

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 509-522
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elhamdadi
Keyword(s):  
Representation Theory ◽  
Algebraic Theory ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
Recent Developments

This short survey contains some recent developments of the algebraic theory of racks and quandles. We report on some elements of representation theory of quandles and ring theoretic approach to quandles.

scholarly journals Applying Phase Equilibria Modelling to Metamorphic and Geological Processes: Recent Developments and Future Potential

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Yakymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Secular Change ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Accessory Minerals ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Metasedimentary Rocks ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Potential

Phase equilibria modelling has played a key role in enhancing our understanding of metamorphic processes. An important breakthrough in the last three decades has been the ability to construct phase diagrams by integrating internally consistent datasets of the thermodynamic properties of minerals, fluids and melts with activity–composition models for mixed phases that calculate end-member activities from end-member proportions. A major advance in applying phase equilibria modelling to natural rocks is using isochemical phase diagrams to explore the phase assemblages and reaction sequences applicable for a particular sample. The chemical systems used for modelling phase equilibria are continually evolving to provide closer approximations to the natural compositions of rocks and allow wider varieties of compositions to be modelled. Phase diagrams are now routinely applied to metasedimentary rocks, metabasites and intermediate to felsic intrusive rocks and more recently to ultramafic rocks and meteorites.    While the principal application of these phase diagrams is quantifying the pressure and temperature evolution of metamorphic rocks, workers are now applying them to other fields across the geosciences. For example, phase equilibria modelling of hydrothermal alteration and the metamorphism of hydrothermally altered rocks can be used to determine ‘alteration vectors’ to hydrothermal mineral deposits. Combining the results of phase equilibria of rock-forming minerals with solubility equations of accessory minerals has provided new insights into the geological significance of U–Pb ages of accessory minerals commonly used in geochronology (e.g. zircon and monazite). Rheological models based on the results of phase equilibria modelling can be used to evaluate how the strength of the crust and mantle can change through metamorphic and metasomatic processes, which has implications for a range of orogenic processes, including the localization of earthquakes. Finally, phase equilibria modelling of fluid generation and consumption during metamorphism can be used to explore links between metamorphism and global geochemical cycles of carbon and sulphur, which may provide new insights into the secular change of the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.RÉSUMÉLa modélisation des équilibres de phases a joué un rôle clé dans l’amélioration de notre compréhension des processus métamorphiques. Une percée importante au cours des trois dernières décennies a été la capacité de construire des diagrammes de phase en y intégrant des ensembles de données cohérentes des propriétés thermodynamiques des minéraux, des fluides et des bains magmatiques avec des modèles d'activité-composition pour des phases mixtes qui déduisent l’activité des membres extrêmes à partir des proportions des membres extrêmes. Une avancée majeure dans l'application de la modélisation d'équilibre de phase aux roches naturelles consiste à utiliser des diagrammes de phases isochimiques pour étudier les assemblages de phase et les séquences de réaction applicables pour un échantillon particulier. Les systèmes chimiques utilisés pour la modélisation des équilibres de phase évoluent continuellement pour fournir des approximations plus proches des compositions naturelles des roches et permettent de modéliser de plus grandes variétés de compositions. Les diagrammes de phase sont maintenant appliqués de façon routinière aux roches métasédimentaires, aux métabasites et aux roches intrusives intermédiaires à felsiques et plus récemment aux roches ultramafiques et aux météorites.   Bien que l'application principale de ces diagrammes de phase consiste à quantifier l'évolution de la pression et de la température des roches métamorphiques, les utilisateurs les appliquent maintenant à d'autres spécialités des géosciences. Par exemple, la modélisation des équilibres de phase de l'altération hydrothermale et du métamorphisme des roches d’altération hydrothermale peut être utilisée pour déterminer les « vecteurs d'altération » des gisements minéraux hydrothermaux. La combinaison des résultats des équilibres de phase des minéraux constitutifs des roches avec des équations de solubilité des minéraux accessoires a permis d’en savoir davantage sur la signification géologique des âges U–Pb des minéraux accessoires couramment utilisés en géochronologie (par exemple zircon et monazite). Les modèles rhéologiques basés sur les résultats de la modélisation des équilibres de phase peuvent être utilisés pour évaluer comment la résistance de la croûte et du manteau peut changer à travers des processus métamorphiques et métasomatiques, ce qui a des implications sur une gamme de processus orogéniques, y compris la localisation des séismes. Enfin, la modélisation des équilibres de phase de la génération et de l’absorption des fluides pendant le métamorphisme peut être utilisée pour explorer les liens entre le métamorphisme et les cycles géochimiques globaux du carbone et du soufre, ce qui peut fournir de nouvelles perspectives sur le changement séculaire de la lithosphère, de l'hydrosphère et de l'atmosphère. 

Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair – Recent Developments and Future Directions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J Henning ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Developments

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death among people in the industrialised world and will, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), become the leading cause of death in the world in 2020. For the treatment of patients with MIs and ischaemic cardiomyopathies, remarkable medical advances have been made during the second half of the 20th Century that have increased patient survival. As a consequence, patients with heart disease are living longer and the incidence of congestive heart failure in patients is significantly increasing. New treatments for patients with acute MI and ischaemic cardiomyopathies are needed. In this regard, the next major advance in the treatment of patients with cardiac disease promises to be stem cells and stem cell products. Currently, basic research scientists and clinicians worldwide are investigating human embryonic stem cells, skeletal stem cells (myoblasts), adult bone marrow stem cells, cardiac stem cells and human umbilical cord stem cells for the treatment of patients with MIs and ischaemic cardiomyopathies. This review highlights the recent developments and the future directions of each of these stem cells in the treatment of patients with heart disease.

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