scholarly journals A facile recovery process for cathodes from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries by using oxalic acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Longyu Zhai ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Iron Phosphate

Eddy current separation for recovering aluminium and lithium-iron phosphate components of spent lithium-iron phosphate batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1217-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Bi ◽  
Huabing Zhu ◽  
Lei Zu ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Separation Rate ◽  
Magnetic Field Rotation ◽  
Short Service Life

With the rapid development of the electric vehicle market since 2012, lithium-iron phosphate (LFP) batteries face retirement intensively. Numerous LFP batteries have been generated given their short service life. Thus, recycling spent LFP batteries is crucial. However, published information on the recovery technology of spent LFP batteries is minimal. Traditional separators and separation theories of recovering technologies were unsuitable for guiding the separation process of recovering metals from spent LFP batteries. The separation rate of the current method for recovering spent LFP batteries was rather low. Furthermore, some wastewater was produced. In this study, spent LFP batteries were dismantled into individual parts of aluminium shells, cathode slices, polymer diaphragms and anode slices. The anode pieces were scraped to separate copper foil and anode powder. The cathode pieces were thermally treated to reduce adhesion between the cathode powder and the aluminium foil. The dissociation rate of the cathode slices reached 100% after crushing when the temperature and time reached 300℃ and 120 min, respectively. Eddy current separation was performed to separate nonferrous metals (aluminium) from aluminium and LFP mixture. The optimized operation parameters for the eddy current separation were feeding speed of 1 m/s and magnetic field rotation speed of 4 m/s. The separation rate of the eddy current separation reached 100%. Mass balance of the recovered materials was conducted. Results showed that the recovery rate of spent LFP can reach 92.52%. This study established a green and full material recovery process for spent LFP batteries.

Environment-friendly technology for recovering cathode materials from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 911-920
Author(s):  
Haijun Bi ◽  
Huabing Zhu ◽  
Lei Zu ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Material Recovery

The consumption of lithium iron phosphate (LFP)-type lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is rising sharply with the increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide. Hence, a large number of retired LFP batteries from EVs are generated annually. A recovery technology for spent LFP batteries is urgently required. Compared with pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical and biometallurgical recycling technologies, physical separating technology has not yet formed a systematic theory and efficient sorting technology. Strengthening the research and development of physical separating technology is an important issue for the efficient use of retired LFP batteries. In this study, spent LFP batteries were discharged in 5 wt% sodium chloride solution for approximately three hours. A specially designed machine was developed to dismantle spent LFP batteries. Extending heat treatment time exerted minimal effect on quality loss. Within the temperature range of 240°C–300°C, temperature change during heat treatment slightly affected mass loss. The change in heat treatment temperature also had negligible effect on the shedding quality of LFP materials. The cathode material and the aluminium foil current collector accounted for a certain proportion in a sieve with a particle size of −1.25 + 0.40 mm. Corona electrostatic separation was performed to separate the metallic particles (with a size range of –1.5 + 0.2 mm) from the nonmetallic particles of crushed spent LFP batteries. No additional reagent was used in the process, and no toxic gases, hazardous solid waste or wastewater were produced. This study provides a complete material recovery process for spent LFP batteries.

Graphenised Lithium Iron Phosphate and Lithium Manganese Silicate Hybrid Cathodes: Potentials for Application in Lithium‐ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2982-2999
Author(s):  
Zolani Myalo ◽  
Chinwe Oluchi Ikpo ◽  
Assumpta Chinwe Nwanya ◽  
Miranda Mengwi Ndipingwi ◽  
Samantha Fiona Duoman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Manganese Silicate ◽  
Lithium Manganese

scholarly journals A Novel Pyrometallurgical Recycling Process for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Its Application to the Recycling of LCO and LFP

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Alexandra Holzer ◽  
Stefan Windisch-Kern ◽  
Christoph Ponak ◽  
Harald Raupenstrauch
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Subsequent Step ◽  
Pre Treatment

The bottleneck of recycling chains for spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is the recovery of valuable metals from the black matter that remains after dismantling and deactivation in pre‑treatment processes, which has to be treated in a subsequent step with pyrometallurgical and/or hydrometallurgical methods. In the course of this paper, investigations in a heating microscope were conducted to determine the high-temperature behavior of the cathode materials lithium cobalt oxide (LCO—chem., LiCoO2) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP—chem., LiFePO4) from LIB with carbon addition. For the purpose of continuous process development of a novel pyrometallurgical recycling process and adaptation of this to the requirements of the LIB material, two different reactor designs were examined. When treating LCO in an Al2O3 crucible, lithium could be removed at a rate of 76% via the gas stream, which is directly and purely available for further processing. In contrast, a removal rate of lithium of up to 97% was achieved in an MgO crucible. In addition, the basic capability of the concept for the treatment of LFP was investigated whereby a phosphorus removal rate of 64% with a simultaneous lithium removal rate of 68% was observed.

Graphite-Embedded Lithium Iron Phosphate for High-Power–Energy Cathodes

Nano Letters ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Li ◽  
Ran Tao ◽  
Xinyi Tan ◽  
Jinhui Xu ◽  
Dejia Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Iron Phosphate

Selective Extraction of Lithium from a Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery by Mechanochemical Solid-phase Oxidation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Quanyin Tan ◽  
Jinhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Green Process ◽  
Rapid Extraction ◽  
Phase Oxidation

This study proposes a green process for selective and rapid extraction of lithium from the cathode materials of spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries via mechanochemical solid-phase oxidation. The advantages...

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