Eddy current separation for recovering aluminium and lithium-iron phosphate components of spent lithium-iron phosphate batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1217-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Bi ◽  
Huabing Zhu ◽  
Lei Zu ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Separation Rate ◽  
Magnetic Field Rotation ◽  
Short Service Life

With the rapid development of the electric vehicle market since 2012, lithium-iron phosphate (LFP) batteries face retirement intensively. Numerous LFP batteries have been generated given their short service life. Thus, recycling spent LFP batteries is crucial. However, published information on the recovery technology of spent LFP batteries is minimal. Traditional separators and separation theories of recovering technologies were unsuitable for guiding the separation process of recovering metals from spent LFP batteries. The separation rate of the current method for recovering spent LFP batteries was rather low. Furthermore, some wastewater was produced. In this study, spent LFP batteries were dismantled into individual parts of aluminium shells, cathode slices, polymer diaphragms and anode slices. The anode pieces were scraped to separate copper foil and anode powder. The cathode pieces were thermally treated to reduce adhesion between the cathode powder and the aluminium foil. The dissociation rate of the cathode slices reached 100% after crushing when the temperature and time reached 300℃ and 120 min, respectively. Eddy current separation was performed to separate nonferrous metals (aluminium) from aluminium and LFP mixture. The optimized operation parameters for the eddy current separation were feeding speed of 1 m/s and magnetic field rotation speed of 4 m/s. The separation rate of the eddy current separation reached 100%. Mass balance of the recovered materials was conducted. Results showed that the recovery rate of spent LFP can reach 92.52%. This study established a green and full material recovery process for spent LFP batteries.

Combined mechanical process recycling technology for recovering copper and aluminium components of spent lithium-iron phosphate batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 767-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Bi ◽  
Huabing Zhu ◽  
Lei Zu ◽  
Shuanghua He ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Nonferrous Metals ◽  
Mechanical Process ◽  
Recycling Technology

The recycling processes of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries comprise thermal, wet, and biological and mechanical treatments. Limited research has been conducted on the combined mechanical process recycling technology and such works are limited to the separation of metal and non-metal materials, which belongs to mechanical recovery. In this article the combined mechanical process recycling technology of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries and the separation of metals has been investigated. The spent lithium iron phosphate batteries monomer with the completely discharged electrolyte was subjected to perforation discharge. The shell was directly recycled and the inner core was directly separated into a positive electrode piece, dissepiment, and negative electrode piece. The dissociation rate of the positive and negative materials reached 100.0% after crushing when the temperature and time reached 300 °C and 120 min. The crushed products were collected and sequentially sieved after the low-temperature thermal treatment. Then, nonferrous metals (copper and aluminium) were separated from the crushed spent lithium iron phosphate batteries by eddy current separation with particle size −4 + 0.4. The optimised operation parameters of eddy current separation were fed at speeds of 40 r min-1, and the rotation speed of the magnetic field was 800 r min-1. The nonferrous metals of copper and aluminium were separated by the method of pneumatic separation. The optimal air speed was 0.34 m s-1 for the particle-size −1.6 + 0.4 mm and 12.85–14.23 m s-1 for the particle-size −4 + 1.6 mm. The present recycling process is eco-friendly and highly efficient and produces little waste.

A new model of trajectory in eddy current separation for recovering spent lithium iron phosphate batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Bi ◽  
Huabing Zhu ◽  
Lei Zu ◽  
Yuxuan Bai ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
New Model

scholarly journals Research on the Critical Issues for Power Battery Reusing of New Energy Vehicles in China

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1932
Author(s):  
Zongwei Liu ◽  
Xinglong Liu ◽  
Han Hao ◽  
Fuquan Zhao ◽  
Amer Ahmad Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Storage Batteries ◽  
New Energy Vehicles

With the rapid development of new energy vehicles (NEVs) industry in China, the reusing of retired power batteries is becoming increasingly urgent. In this paper, the critical issues for power batteries reusing in China are systematically studied. First, the strategic value of power batteries reusing, and the main modes of battery reusing are analyzed. Second, the economic benefit models of power batteries echelon utilization and recycling are constructed. Finally, the economic benefits of lithium iron phosphate (LIP) battery and ternary lithium (TL) battery under different reusing modes are analyzed based on the economic benefit models. The results show that when the industrial chain is fully coordinated, LIP battery echelon utilization is profitable based on a reasonable scenario scheme. However, the multi-level echelon utilization is only practical under an ideal scenario, and more attention should be paid to the first level echelon utilization. Besides, the performance matching of different types of batteries has a great impact on the echelon utilization income. Thus, considering the huge potentials of China’s energy storage market, the design of automobile power batteries in the future should give due consideration to the performance requirements of energy storage batteries. Moreover, the TL battery could only be recycled directly, while the LIP has the feasibility of echelon utilization at present. At the same time, it will strengthen the cost advantage of the LIP battery, which deserves special attention.

Environment-friendly technology for recovering cathode materials from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 911-920
Author(s):  
Haijun Bi ◽  
Huabing Zhu ◽  
Lei Zu ◽  
Yong Gao ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Material Recovery

The consumption of lithium iron phosphate (LFP)-type lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is rising sharply with the increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide. Hence, a large number of retired LFP batteries from EVs are generated annually. A recovery technology for spent LFP batteries is urgently required. Compared with pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical and biometallurgical recycling technologies, physical separating technology has not yet formed a systematic theory and efficient sorting technology. Strengthening the research and development of physical separating technology is an important issue for the efficient use of retired LFP batteries. In this study, spent LFP batteries were discharged in 5 wt% sodium chloride solution for approximately three hours. A specially designed machine was developed to dismantle spent LFP batteries. Extending heat treatment time exerted minimal effect on quality loss. Within the temperature range of 240°C–300°C, temperature change during heat treatment slightly affected mass loss. The change in heat treatment temperature also had negligible effect on the shedding quality of LFP materials. The cathode material and the aluminium foil current collector accounted for a certain proportion in a sieve with a particle size of −1.25 + 0.40 mm. Corona electrostatic separation was performed to separate the metallic particles (with a size range of –1.5 + 0.2 mm) from the nonmetallic particles of crushed spent LFP batteries. No additional reagent was used in the process, and no toxic gases, hazardous solid waste or wastewater were produced. This study provides a complete material recovery process for spent LFP batteries.

scholarly journals A Hybrid MCDM Model for New Product Development: Applied on the Taiwanese LiFePO4Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chin Chen ◽  
Li-Yi Wang ◽  
Meng-Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Fuzzy Theory ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
New Product ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling

Recent years, since problems with respect to atmosphere pollution hasten countries to accentuate green-related policy regarding the sustainable energy, the lithium-iron phosphate (LiFePO4) battery has been appealed to the world. However, more and more firms invest the LiFePO4batteries production that has launched a fierce competition. Successful new product development (NPD) processes have been considered the key for LiFePO4battery firms to increase their competitive advantage. Firms must make correct decision faster due to the rapid development of technology and the decreasing product life cycle. This study proposes a hybrid multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) model based on the literature review and consultation with the experts, interpretive structural modeling (ISM), and fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) for evaluating various strategies for NPD. First of all, reviewing of literature and meeting with the experts are used to screen factors and select the criteria. Then, an ISM is managed to determine the feedback and interdependency of those factors in a network. Finally, a fuzzy theory is applied to resolve the linguistic hedges and an ANP is adopted to obtain the weights of all the factors. A case study is undertaken to validate the model in a Taiwanese company that provides professional packing and design for lithium-iron phosphate battery.

scholarly journals A facile recovery process for cathodes from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries by using oxalic acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Longyu Zhai ◽  
Xiaoxiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Iron Phosphate

scholarly journals Analysis of overcharging characteristics of a new type lithium iron phosphate battery for dc system of substation

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 01066
Author(s):  
Liu Meijie ◽  
Gao Kai ◽  
Li Zhongwei ◽  
Qiu Peng ◽  
Meng Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Emergency Power ◽  
Lead Acid

In recent years, the number of DC power system in substation has been increasing. And the technical transformation of DC power system, fault maintenance and other workload is also on the rise, therefore dc emergency power emerged. The lead-acid battery is usually adopted for traditional DC emergency power supply. The disadvantage of lead-acid battery in volume and quality makes it difficult to realize the portability and mobility of dc emergency power. Lithium iron phosphate battery technology is the frontier technology in the rapid development period. However, the characteristics are not studied clearly. This paper studies the characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery in different ambient temperature, operating conditions, and current of charge and discharge, analyses and summarizes the characteristics of battery charge and discharge, so as to improve the maintenance of station DC power supply system and the reliability of power supply network.

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