Asymptotic Separation of Solutions to Fractional Stochastic Multi-Term Differential Equations

In this paper, we study the exact asymptotic separation rate of two distinct solutions of Caputo stochastic multi-term differential equations (Caputo SMTDEs). Our goal in this paper is to establish results of the global existence and uniqueness and continuity dependence of the initial values of the solutions to Caputo SMTDEs with non-permutable matrices of order α∈(12,1) and β∈(0,1) whose coefficients satisfy a standard Lipschitz condition. For this class of systems, we then show the asymptotic separation property between two different solutions of Caputo SMTDEs with a more general condition based on λ. Furthermore, the asymptotic separation rate for the two distinct mild solutions reveals that our asymptotic results are general.

Research on the Performance of a Passive Gas-Liquid Separator Used in Space

Gas-liquid separation technology is one of the key technologies of environmental control and life support in manned spaceflight. In order to realize gas-liquid separation under microgravity, a prototype of a gas-liquid separator based on passive static separation technology was designed, manufactured, and studied by both ground experimental tests and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Results show that the experimental results on earth are in good agreement with the simulation results and the internal fluid distribution directly determines the separation rate of the separator. The separation rate and internal flow field of the separator were also investigated under various flow rate conditions and gravity levels. Results show that higher liquid flow rate and lower gravity level can improve gas-liquid separation rate which attributes to the formation of a complete liquid film at the bottom of the collector. The separation rate can reach 100% within the specific ratio range, and the structure of the equipment is simple, without any power components, meeting the requirements of long life and high reliability of space equipment. It can provide a reference for gas-liquid separation in space under the microgravity environment.

Effect of different commercial enzymes on the clotting of milk and certain properties of curd

More researches published data about the milk curd properties, evaluated the importance in the cheese making, but an analysis of importance of these properties in practical applications is usually lacking. We investigate the milk curd behaviour using different enzyme preparations at the cutting of curd. We focused on the well measurable properties as clotting time, viscosity of curd, texture properties an whey separation rate of cur at cutting time. Approximately five minutes difference was determined between the clotting times. Investigated the curd properties we found significant differences between the hardness on samples clotted with CHY MAX® M 1000 and NATUREN® Premium 145 enzymes. Other properties did not show significant differences, but in some case differences were remarkable. Discovered differences e.g. approx. 5% whey separation rate difference and the different trends of adhesive force and adhesiveness confirm that such studies should be carried out. Summarized effect of different enzymes can alter the cheese making technology in the practice, significantly. Considering every aspect, in our investigation the CHY MAX® M 1000 enzyme seemed the best.

Improving photocatalytic activity of benzyl alcohol oxidation by Z-scheme SnS/g-C3N4

So far, photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde effectively with high selectivity is still a great challenge. It is reported that the carrier separation rate is the key factor...

Boosting the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of C2N monolayer coupled with MoSi2N4: density-functional theory calculations

Very recently, a vital two-dimensional material MoSi2N4 is successfully synthesized experimentally. However, pure MoSi2N4 has some inherent shortcomings in photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen. especially the low separation rate...

A review on g-C3N4 incorporated with organics for enhanced photocatalytic water splitting

The key challenge of the photocatalytic technology is to discover a low-cost photocatalyst with the functions of efficient sunlight utilization as well as high charge separation rate applied in the...

Effect of anisotropic conductivity of Ag2S-modified ZnmIn2S3+m (m = 1, 5) on the photocatalytic properties in solar hydrogen evolution

The anisotropic carrier transport property of Ag2S/Zn5In2S8 is substantially stronger than that of Ag2S/ZnIn2S4, resulting in higher bulk carrier separation rate and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of Ag2S/Zn5In2S8.

Optimization of the Process Parameters for Extraction of Millet Milk

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of different processing methods on extraction of millet milk viz., germinated millet milk extraction, germinated and roasted millet milk extraction; enzyme assisted millet milk extraction and ultrasonicated millet milk extraction. Physical parameters viz., sedimentation rate, separation rate, whiteness index, heat stability and viscosity of extracted millet milk by different processing methods were evaluated. Among the various processing methods, enzyme assisted extraction showed better results as compared to other processing methods in terms of sedimentation rate (0.93±0.07 to 1.13±0.05 g/40 ml), separation rate (45.28±1.44 to 51.97±0.14 ml/h), viscosity (2.32±0.02 to 2.82±0.03cP) and heat stability (24.7±0.13 to 21.2±0.51 minutes). The whiteness index was found to be maximum in germinated millet milk extraction while the enzyme treated millet milk recorded the lowest value (40.48±0.71to 62.81±0.64%). Based on heat stability and sedimentation rate, the enzyme assisted millet milk extraction was found to be best for extraction of millet milk and for product development.

Effect of prior receipt of antibiotics on the pathogen distribution: a retrospective observational cohort study on 27,792 patients

Background There have been no systematic studies of microbiological differences before and after antibiotics treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prior receipt of antibiotics on the microorganism distribution. Methods A retrospective, observational cohort study was conducted in a 3200-bed tertiary, referral, teaching hospital in eastern China. During a 2-year period, all hospitalized patients treated with antimicrobial agents were enrolled in this study. Among 48,692 patients evaluated, the 27,792 (57.1%) who were sampled within 2 days before or after administration of the first dose of antimicrobial agents were included. Distribution of clinical specimens and the microorganism were compared between before and after antibiotic drug treatment groups. Results Compared to specimens taken after antibiotics exposure, specimens taken before antibiotics exposure had a higher proportion of blood and urine specimens and a higher culture positive rate (all P < 0.001). Higher percentages of Staphylococcus aureus (9.9% vs. 8.5%, P = 0.041), non-fermenting bacteria (27.7% vs. 19.9%, P < 0.001), and fungi (8.4% vs. 4.0%, P < 0.001) were isolated from the group after antibiotics exposure, while the percentages of Streptococcus spp. (4.8% vs. 2.7%, P < 0.001), Haemophilus influenzae (2.3% vs. 0.8%, P < 0.001), and Moraxella catarrhalis (0.7% vs. 0.1%, P < 0.001) were higher in the group before antibiotics exposure. Further analysis found significant differences of microbes derived from respiratory secretions, blood or urine samples. We found, after antibiotics exposure, the separation rate of non-fermenting bacteria was significantly increased (all P < 0.05), and the separation rate of Candida spp. was higher, with statistical significance in airway secretion and urine samples (both P < 0.05), but the separation rate of Staphylococcus aureus among the three groups was not affected by antibiotics. In addition, the isolation rate of Streptococcus spp. in blood and urine samples decreased significantly (both P < 0.05) after antibiotics exposure. Interestingly, no statistical difference was found for microbes isolated from body fluid specimens between the two groups. Conclusions The outcome revealed that antibiotic-insensitive organisms such as non-fermentative bacteria and fungi were more frequently isolated after antibiotics exposure. However, this trend might be specimen dependent and was not obvious in body fluid specimens.