Effect of Ellagic Acid on Animal Behavior in Elevated Plus Maze and Open Field Tests

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaghoob Farbood ◽  
Seyyed Mohammad Taghi Mansouri ◽  
Seyyed Mostafa Ahmadian ◽  
Seyyad Ali Mard ◽  
Alireza Sarkaki
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Plus Maze

Evaluation of the elevated plus-maze and open-field tests for the assessment of anxiety-related behaviour in inbred mice

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Carola ◽  
Francesca D'Olimpio ◽  
Emiliano Brunamonti ◽  
Franco Mangia ◽  
Paolo Renzi
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Inbred Mice ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Plus Maze

scholarly journals Neuroanatomical pathways underlying the effects of hypothalamo-hypophysial-adrenal hormones on exploratory activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-648
Author(s):  
Robert Lalonde ◽  
Catherine Strazielle
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Basolateral Amygdala ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Lateral Septum ◽  
Target Region ◽  
Bed Nucleus ◽  
Adrenal Hormones ◽  
Plus Maze

AbstractWhen injected via the intracerebroventricular route, corticosterone-releasing hormone (CRH) reduced exploration in the elevated plus-maze, the center region of the open-field, and the large chamber in the defensive withdrawal test. The anxiogenic action of CRH in the elevated plus-maze also occurred when infused in the basolateral amygdala, ventral hippocampus, lateral septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, nucleus accumbens, periaqueductal grey, and medial frontal cortex. The anxiogenic action of CRH in the defensive withdrawal test was reproduced when injected in the locus coeruleus, while the amygdala, hippocampus, lateral septum, nucleus accumbens, and lateral globus pallidus contribute to center zone exploration in the open-field. In addition to elevated plus-maze and open-field tests, the amygdala appears as a target region for CRH-mediated anxiety in the elevated T-maze. Thus, the amygdala is the principal brain region identified with these three tests, and further research must identify the neural circuits underlying this form of anxiety.

scholarly journals Involvement of GABAA Receptors in the Anxiolytic-Like Effect of Hydroxycitronellal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jéssica C. Andrade ◽  
Álefe B. Monteiro ◽  
Humberto H. N. Andrade ◽  
Thallita K. S. N. Gonzaga ◽  
Pablo R. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Gabaa Receptors ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Sedative Effects

Hydroxycitronellal (HC) is a monoterpene present in essential oils of aromatic plants of different species, obtained from semisynthesis of citronellal, and is widely used as a fragrance in cosmetics. The objective of this work was to evaluate the possible anxiolytic-like activity of HC and its possible mechanism of action using in vivo and in silico methodologies. Swiss male mice (Mus musculus) were treated with HC (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) and subjected to the rota rod, elevated plus maze, and open field tests. No significant impairments were observed in the rota rod tests for the motor activity of the animals treated with HC at 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg, i.p., indicating no myo-relaxing or sedative effects. In the elevated plus maze, HC (in the three doses) induced significant increases in the percentage of entries (respectively, 34.8%, 33.8%, and 38.6%) and in the length of stay (respectively, 49.9%, 56.1%, and 57.0%) in the open arms of the EPM, as well as the number of crossings in the open field tests. The mechanism of action of the compound’s anxiolytic-like activity can be attributed to the involvement of GABAA receptors, and this interaction was observed in in vivo and in silico studies. For HC, the results suggest anxiolytic-like effects, possibly via modulation of the GABAergic system. The use of natural products to treat anxiety can become an alternative to existing synthetic products.

Anxiolytic-like effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in rats exposed and re-exposed to the elevated plus-maze and open field tests

2017 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ferreira Donatti ◽  
Renato Nery Soriano ◽  
Christie Ramos Andrade Leite-Panissi ◽  
Luiz G.S. Branco ◽  
Albert Schiaveto de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Plus Maze

scholarly journals Eugenol and Its Liposomal Based Nano-carrier Protects Against Anxiety Disorder in Mice.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
fahad jibran siyal ◽  
rehan ahmed siddiqui ◽  
zahida memon ◽  
zahra batool ◽  
aneela Atta Ur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Plus Maze

Abstract Background: Anxiety can also be termed as excessive worry which last for at least more than six months and patients can have difficulty in controlling them. Anxiety is having 31% of life time prevalence and sad part is that the anxiety disorders are not treated and diagnosed well. 3.1% which is 6.8 Million peoples of America are having anxiety disorders. The main part of clove oil is eugenol along with caryophyllene. Eugenol is present at about 70 to 90 percentage and also it contains 15 percentage of total dry weight of bud. Methodology: Pre-clinical experimental study was conducted for 10-12 Months. Male BALB/c mice were purchased from ICCBS. Sample Size was 42 BALB/c mice and divided into 07 groups. Results: The animal model was developed and it was found that Eugenol and its liposomal based nano carrier protect anxiety disorders in mice with the help of behavioral tests such as Elevated plus maze and open field tests and was recorded as Mean and SD, frequency and percentages accordingly. Conclusion: Therefore with the help of behavioral studies i.e. open field test and elevated plus maze test, eugenol and its liposomal based nano particle protect anxiety disorder in the mice by increasing the entry time and stay of mice in open arms for longer duration in elevated maze plus test and in open field the anxiety was reduced after mice spent most of time in the center rather than periphery.

scholarly journals Participation ofGABAAChloride Channels in the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of a Fatty Acid Mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa ◽  
Rosa Isela García-Ríos ◽  
Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo ◽  
Blandina Bernal-Morales ◽  
Carlos M. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Chloride Channels ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Gaba Binding ◽  
Defensive Burying

Human amniotic fluid and a mixture of eight fatty acids (FAT-M) identified in this maternal fluid (C12:0, lauric acid, 0.9 μg%; C14:0, myristic acid, 6.9 μg%; C16:0, palmitic acid, 35.3 μg%; C16:1, palmitoleic acid, 16.4 μg%; C18:0, stearic acid, 8.5 μg%; C18:1cis, oleic acid, 18.4 μg%; C18:1trans, elaidic acid, 3.5 μg%; C18:2, linoleic acid, 10.1 μg%) produce anxiolytic-like effects that are comparable to diazepam in Wistar rats, suggesting the involvement ofγ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, a possibility not yet explored. Wistar rats were subjected to the defensive burying test, elevated plus maze, and open field test. In different groups, threeGABAAreceptor antagonists were administered 30 min before FAT-M administration, including the competitive GABA binding antagonist bicuculline (1 mg/kg),GABAAbenzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (5 mg/kg), and noncompetitiveGABAAchloride channel antagonist picrotoxin (1 mg/kg). The FAT-M exerted anxiolytic-like effects in the defensive burying test and elevated plus maze, without affecting locomotor activity in the open field test. TheGABAAantagonists alone did not produce significant changes in the behavioral tests. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline or flumazenil blocked the anxiolytic-like effect of the FAT-M. Based on the specific blocking action of picrotoxin on the effects of the FAT-M, we conclude that the FAT-M exerted its anxiolytic-like effects throughGABAAreceptor chloride channels.

Neuropharmacological Activity of Various Fractions Obtained from Solanum aethiopicum (Linn.) Fruit in Mice.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
A.R. Abubakar ◽  
◽  
I.H. Sani ◽  
S. Malami ◽  
A.H. Yaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Solanum Aethiopicum ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Board Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Hole Board ◽  
Hole Board Test

Background: Solanum aethiopicum (L.), family Solanaceae, is known as garden eggs. The fruit is used in the treatment of insomnia, diabetes and constipation. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate anxiolytic-like activity of fractions obtained from crude methanol extract of Solanum aethiopicum fruit. Method: Acute toxicity testing was conducted according to the OECD guidelines 420 via oral and intraperitoneal routes (ip). n-Hexane (HF), chloroform (CHF), ethyl-acetate (EAF), n-butanol (BF) and residual aqueous fraction (RAF) at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg ip were experimented using the open field, elevated plus maze, staircase, light dark box and hole-board tests. Results: Results: In open field test, there was statistically significant increase in frequency of central square entry by EAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg and RAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg all at p<0.05 compared to distilled water (D/W) group. Elevated plus maze test showed statistically significant increases in open arm entry and duration by CHF 25mg/kg, RAF 25mg/kg and 50mg/kg again at p<0.05. Also, in the staircase test, statistically significant decrease in frequency of rearing with no effect on step climbing was observed by RAF 25mg/kg (p< 0.05) compared to D/W. Light and dark box test produced increased light box entry and duration by EAF 25mg/kg, RAF 25mg/kg and 50mg/ kg at p<0.05. Furthermore, the hole -board test showed statistically significant increases in number of head dips by EAF 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg as well as RAF 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg and 100 mg/kg at p<0.05. Conclusion: The fractions obtained from Solanum aethiopicum fruits possesses anxiolytic-like activity.

scholarly journals Central activities of hydroalcoholic extract from Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil. stem bark

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablinny Moreira Galdino ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Mariano Nascimento ◽  
Fábio Borges de Sousa ◽  
Reginaldo Nassar Ferreira ◽  
José Realino de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Sleeping Time ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Time Test

Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil. can be found from Amapá to Rio Grande do Sul states, and also in Paraguay and Bolivia. It is popularly known as pacari or mangava-brava and is used to promote weight loss, as an anti-thermal or tonic, to treat gastritis, ulcers, scarring, itching, discouragement, and cancer. In the open field tests, the hydroalcoholic extract from L. pacari stem bark (HEP) decreased the number of rearings, number of invaded squares, and increased immobility time compared to control animals. In the pentobarbital-induced sleep time test, HEP decreased latency time to sleep and increased sleeping time. In the rota-rod test, no changes in the studied parameters were observed. In the elevated plus maze, HEP increased the percentage time and percentage entries in the open arms, indicating that this extract exerts an anxiolytic-like activity.

scholarly journals Staying at the crossroads: assessment of the potential of serum lithium monitoring in predicting an ideal lithium dose

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Zaqueu Lima ◽  
Miriam Marcela Blanco ◽  
Jair Guilherme dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Carolina Tesone Coelho ◽  
Luiz Eugênio Mello
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Lithium Concentration ◽  
Serum Lithium Concentration ◽  
Narrow Therapeutic Range ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Sufficient Precision ◽  
Lithium Dose ◽  
Plasmatic Concentration

OBJECTIVE: Lithium has been successfully employed to treat bipolar disorder for decades, and recently, was shown to attenuate the symptoms of other pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, ischemic processes, and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. However, lithium's narrow therapeutic range limits its broader use. Therefore, the development of methods to better predict its dose becomes essential to an ideal therapy. METHOD: the performance of adult Wistar rats was evaluated at the open field and elevated plus maze after a six weeks treatment with chow supplemented with 0.255%, or 0.383% of lithium chloride, or normal feed. Thereafter, blood samples were collected to measure the serum lithium concentration. RESULTS: Animals fed with 0.255% lithium chloride supplemented chow presented a higher rearing frequency at the open field, and higher frequency of arms entrance at the elevated plus maze than animals fed with a 50% higher lithium dose presented. Nevertheless, both groups presented similar lithium plasmatic concentration. DISCUSSION: different behaviors induced by both lithium doses suggest that these animals had different lithium distribution in their brains that was not detected by lithium serum measurement. CONCLUSION: serum lithium concentration measurements do not seem to provide sufficient precision to support its use as predictive of behaviors.

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