scholarly journals USE OF RADIOMIC MARKERS IN PREOPERATIVE DETECTION OF EXTRA-AXIAL TUMOR GRADE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Bergen ◽  
Ilya Soynov ◽  
Mariya Pustovetova
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Restriction ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Backgraund: Extra-axial tumors are one of the tumor groups which are difficult for primary differential diagnostics. Detection and standardization of radiomic markers is one of the main problems of our time. Aim: To detect radiomic markers for preoperative assessment of extra-axial tumor grade. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of MRI (1.5T) data of 156 patients with extra-axial tumors. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1(n=106) with perifocal changes, Group 2 (n=50) extra-axial tumor without perifocal changes. Diffusion and perfusion sequences were included in the scanning protocol. The areas of interest were (1) the lesion and (2) the area of perifocal changes. Measurements were made from the lesion and the area of perifocal changes on ACD and DSE maps, DCE was analyzed. Results: The maximum lesion size in Group 1 was 2.2cm (1.4; 4.3), in Group 2 - 1.2cm (0.9; 3.5). In Group 1 diffusion restriction from the lesion was detected in 42 patients (39.6%), in Group 2 in 7 patients (14%). The maximum size of perifocal changes in Group 1 was 2.85cm (1.5; 4.7). Diffusion restriction was detected in 52 cases (49.1%). In patients of Group 2 with verified meningioma multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the maximum size of the lesion demonstrated a 3.3-time increase of rCBF from the area of perifocal changes (coef. 3.3 CI 1.27; 5.28) p = 0.003, however, it demonstrated a 4-time decrease of rCBF (coef. 4 CI -7.46;-0.71) p = 0.02. Conclusions: Perfusion and diffusion method combined with anatomical sequences show potential and can be used as radiomic markers for diagnostic assessment and treatment of extra-axial tumors. There is further potential in detecting radiomic functional markers from the area of perifocal changes.

scholarly journals Hospitalization Costs of Lower Limb Ulcerations and Amputations in Patients with Diabetes in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2230
Author(s):  
Diana I. Sima ◽  
Cosmina I. Bondor ◽  
Ioan A. Vereşiu ◽  
Norina A. Gâvan ◽  
Cristina M. Borzan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Diabetes Center ◽  
Group 1

In this retrospective case-control study conducted in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, we assessed the effect of ulcerations/amputations on hospitalization costs of patients with diabetes. Patients with (Group 1) or without (Group 2) ulcerations/amputations (case-control ratio 3:1) admitted to a single diabetes center between 2012–2017 were included. The effects of hospitalization days, age, duration of diabetes, body mass index and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) on total costs was explored using a multivariate linear regression analysis, enter model. Overall, 876 patients were included (Group 1: 682, 323 [47.4%] with amputations; Group 2: 194). Median (interquartile range) total expenses in Group 1 were 40% higher compared to Group 2 (€724 [504; 1186] vs €517 [362; 645], p < 0.001). Significant differences were observed between hospitalization costs (p < 0.001), cost of food (p < 0.001), medication (p = 0.044), drugs administered at the emergency room/intensive care unit (p < 0.001) and other expenses (p = 0.003). Hospitalization costs represented 80.5% of total expenses in Group 1 and 76.3% in Group 2. In multivariate analysis, hospitalization days influenced significantly the total costs in both groups (p < 0.001); in Group 2, the effect of HbA1c was also significant (p = 0.021). Diabetic foot ulcers and subsequent amputations most likely impose a significant economic burden on the Romanian public healthcare system.

scholarly journals Weight Is More Accurate than Gestational Age When Estimating the Optimal Endotracheal Tube Depth in Neonates

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Hsien-Kuan Liu ◽  
Yung-Ning Yang ◽  
Shu-Leei Tey ◽  
Pei-Ling Wu ◽  
San-Nan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Optimal Depth ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Group 1

Determining the optimal endotracheal tube (ETT) depth in neonates remains challenging for neonatologists. The guideline for optimal ETT depth is based on the patients’ weight or gestational age. However, there is a discrepancy in the suggested ETT depth between these two parameters. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the recommended weight-based and age-based formulas for optimal ETT depth and obtain the optimal reference before intubation. Participants were assigned to group 1 if the recommended ETT insertion depth based on weight was concordant with the recommended depth based on gestational age, and to group 2 if the weight and age-based depth recommendations were discordant. After exclusion, 180 patients were included in the analysis. Results indicated that the predicted ETT depth suggested by age required more adjustment than by weight (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the required adjustment in the weight-based formula was smaller than the age-based formula (p < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that weight was the key factor affecting the optimal depth (p < 0.001). These results imply that when there is a discrepancy in ETT depth between the weight-based and age-based recommendation, the weight-based one will be more accurate than the age-based one.

Prediction of oligodendroglial tumor subtype and grade using perfusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Whitmore ◽  
Jaroslaw Krejza ◽  
Gurpreet S. Kapoor ◽  
Jason Huse ◽  
John H. Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Cytogenetic Profile ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Oligodendroglial Neoplasms ◽  
Grade Iii ◽  
Group 1

Object Treatment of patients with oligodendrogliomas relies on histopathological grade and characteristic cytogenetic deletions of 1p and 19q, shown to predict radio- and chemosensitivity and prolonged survival. Perfusion weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging allows for noninvasive determination of relative tumor blood volume (rTBV) and has been used to predict the grade of astrocytic neoplasms. The aim of this study was to use perfusion weighted MR imaging to predict tumor grade and cytogenetic profile in oligodendroglial neoplasms. Methods Thirty patients with oligodendroglial neoplasms who underwent preoperative perfusion MR imaging were retrospectively identified. Tumors were classified by histopathological grade and stratified into two cytogenetic groups: 1p or 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity (LOH) (Group 1), and 19q LOH only on intact alleles (Group 2). Tumor blood volume was calculated in relation to contralateral white matter. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop predictive models of cytogenetic profile and tumor grade. Results In World Health Organization Grade II neoplasms, the rTBV was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in Group 1 (mean 2.44, range 0.96–3.28; seven patients) compared with Group 2 (mean 1.69, range 1.27–2.08; seven patients). In Grade III neoplasms, the differences between Group 1 (mean 3.38, range 1.59–6.26; four patients) and Group 2 (mean 2.83, range 1.81–3.76; 12 patients) were not significant. The rTBV was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in Grade III neoplasms (mean 2.97, range 1.59–6.26; 16 patients) compared with Grade II neoplasms (mean 2.07, range 0.96–3.28; 14 patients). The models integrating rTBV with cytogenetic profile and grade showed prediction accuracies of 68 and 73%, respectively. Conclusions Oligodendroglial classification models derived from advanced imaging will improve the accuracy of tumor grading, provide prognostic information, and have potential to influence treatment decisions.

scholarly journals Different clinical parameters inform epicardial fat thickness in pre- and post-menopausal women with obstructive sleep apnea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Wen Shui ◽  
Zhenxia Zhang ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related disorder with breathing difficulties. Previous studies revealed that epicardial fat thickness (EFT) correlates with OSA severity. Interestingly, female patients display a stronger EFT-OSA correlation than males. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between EFT and different clinical characteristics in pre- and post-menopausal women diagnosed with OSA. Methods Patients diagnosed with OSA were divided into pre/early peri-menopausal (Group 1) and post/late peri-menopausal (Group 2) according to the menopause status. EFT was obtained from parasternal long-axis echocardiographic images. We also collected general clinical characteristics of patients involved in this study, and performed spearman correlation analysis to explore the correlations between EFT and the general clinical characteristics. We further applied Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis to explore the predictors for EFT in both groups. Results A total number of 23 and 59 patients were enrolled in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively. EFT in Group 2 was significantly higher than that of Group 1. In both groups, EFT was positively correlated with apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), percentage of total sleep time when blood oxygen saturation was less than 90% (T90), oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and glucose; while EFT was negatively correlated with mean and lowest SaO2 (oxygen saturation) levels. However, EFT was positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) only in Group 1 and body mass index (BMI) only in Group2, respectively. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that AHI was independently associated with EFT in Group 1. However, both AHI and BMI were independent predictors of EFT in Group 2. Conclusion EFT was notably correlated with menopausal status in women with OSA. AHI was the independent predictor of EFT in women with OSA. BMI was the independent predictor of EFT in post/late peri-menopausal women with OSA.

scholarly journals Predictability of 21-Gene Recurrence Score Assay by Using Pathological and Immunohistochemical Parameters in Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117822342097784
Author(s):  
Abdulmohsen Alkushi ◽  
Ahmad Omair ◽  
Haitham Arabi ◽  
Emad Masuadi ◽  
Omalkhair Abualkhair
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Recurrence Score ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression ◽  
Oncotype Dx ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis

Background: Oncotype Dx is used to predict the long-term recurrence risk in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative invasive breast cancer (BC). This study aimed at establishing a correlation between clinicopathological parameters and recurrence score (RS), subsequently improving predictability and ultimately justifying the use of the multigene assay. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of the pathology and clinical data of 114 female patients with BC who had Oncotype Dx testing between 2012 and 2019. The pathological parameters included are tumor cell type, tumor grade, pathological stage, and mitotic index (MI). The expression of ER, progesterone receptor (PR), HER2, and Ki67 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. A univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to assess the correlation between these parameters and the RS. Results: In univariate analysis, age (˂40 years), higher tumor grade, and low PR expression were significantly associated with higher RS ( P = .02; ˂.001; and ˂.001, respectively). Both MI and Ki67 were also strongly correlated with an increase in the RS with a P value of .01 (Spearman correlation 0.34 and 0.33). In multivariate linear regression analysis, age, MI, and Ki67 lost their significance, but both higher grade and PR remained significantly associated with a higher RS along with the tumor stage ( P ˂ .001; ˂.001; and .04, respectively). Conclusions: Tumor grade and PR immunohistochemical expression are the main predictors of RS in our study population. Other clinicopathological features were not significant predictors of change in RS in multivariate analysis.

Comparison of oral steroid regimens for acute acoustic trauma caused by gunshot noise exposure

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (7) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Choi ◽  
J S Kim ◽  
Y-S Chang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Trauma ◽  
Oral Steroid ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hearing Improvement ◽  
Hearing Gain ◽  
Oral Steroids ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Acute Acoustic Trauma ◽  
Group 1

AbstractBackgroundThere are no definite guidelines regarding the most adequate steroid regimens for acute acoustic trauma.ObjectiveTo elucidate the dose-dependent differing benefits of oral steroids on hearing improvement following acute acoustic trauma.MethodsTwenty-nine patients treated with oral steroids following a diagnosis of unilateral acute acoustic trauma were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were sorted into two groups with an oral steroid regimen. Group 1 received a 14-day course of treatment: 60 mg prednisolone daily for 10 days, tapering off over days 11–14. Group 2 received prednisolone for a total of 10 days: 60 mg for 5 days, tapering down each day for the remainder. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the factors associated with the hearing gain.ResultsIn the multivariable regression (R2 = 0.51, p < 0.001), patients in group 1 showed more significant improvement in the degree of hearing gain compared to group 2 (p = 0.03).ConclusionAfter comparing the differing benefits of oral steroids on hearing improvement by dosage, we recommend a high dose of prednisolone (60 mg per day) for 10 days, tapering over the remaining 4 days, for better hearing recovery following acute acoustic trauma.

scholarly journals Routine CT Angiography in Acute Stroke Does Not Delay Thrombolytic Therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simerpreet Bal ◽  
Bijoy K. Menon ◽  
Andrew M. Demchuk ◽  
Michael D. Hill ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Multivariable Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Group 1

Introduction:Lack of additional utility over non-contract computed tomography (NCCT) in decision making and delay in door to needle time are arguments used against routine computed tomographic angiography (CTA) use in acute ischemic stroke management. We compare interval times during a CTA based acute ischemic stroke protocol with an earlier non-CTA based protocol at our center.Methods:We reviewed 850 stroke thrombolysis patients in a university hospital in Canada from April 1996 to December 2009. Time to treatment was divided into the following interval times: onset-to-door, door-to-needle and onset-to-needle. Patients were categorized into: Group 1 (April 1996-Dec 2002) (Non-contrast CT Scan based thrombolysis) n=297, Group 2 (Jan 2004-Dec 2009) (CTA based thrombolysis) n=504. The period from Jan to Dec 2003 (n=49) was considered a washout period as we had started the CTA protocol that year. Interval times were compared between the two groups.Results:Interval times in Group 1 and Group 2 were: median onset-to-door times in Group 1 [55 minutes (IQR 48),] and Group 2 [61 minutes (IQR 57)] (p=0.019); median door-to-needle times in Group 1 [67 minutes(IQR 43)] and Group 2 [62.5 minutes (IQR 52)] (p=0.519); median onset-to-needle times in Group 1 (139 minutes (IQR 73)] and Group 2 (141.5 min (IQR 109.5) (p=0.468). In multivariable linear regression analysis, age and onset-to-door time influenced the door-to-needle time. For every decade of age, door-to-needle times were 5.4 minutes faster.Conclusions:CTA based thrombolytic approach for acute ischemic stroke does not significantly delay thrombolysis in routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals Influence of initial occlusal severity on time and efficiency of Class I malocclusion treatment carried out with and without premolar extractions

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Leon-Salazar ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
José Fernando Castanha Henriques ◽  
Vladimir Leon-Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Class I ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Extraction Protocol ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the occlusal outcomes, duration and efficiency of Class I malocclusion treatment carried out with and without premolar extractions in patients with different degrees of initial malocclusion severity. METHODS: Complete records of 111 patients were obtained and divided into two groups: Group 1 consisted of 65 patients at an initial mean age of 13.82 years old treated with four premolar extractions; whereas Group 2 consisted of 46 patients at an initial mean age of 14.01 years old treated without extractions. Two subgroups were obtained from each group (1A, 1B, 2A and 2B) with different degrees of malocclusion severity according to the initial values of PAR index. Compatibility was assessed using chi-square and t-tests. The subgroups were compared by means of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).The variables that might be related to treatment duration and efficiency were assessed using the multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Initial malocclusion severity was positively related to the amount of occlusal correction and consequently to a higher efficiency index. Moreover, extraction protocol showed a positive relationship with treatment duration and a negative relationship with treatment efficiency. CONCLUSION: Extraction and non-extraction protocols for correction of Class I malocclusion provide similar satisfactory results; however, the extraction protocol increases the overall treatment duration. Orthodontic treatment is more efficient in cases with high initial malocclusion severity treated with a non-extraction protocol.

scholarly journals Vascular markers of cognitive dysfunction in patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
V. I. Podzolkov ◽  
A. E. Bragina ◽  
D. U. Natkina ◽  
N. A. Druzhinina ◽  
T. A. Safronova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Adma Concentration ◽  
Group 1

The presence of arterial hypertension (AH) leads to the development of cognitive dysfunction, in the genesis of which a significant role is assigned to vascular factors. Aim. To study the state of cognitive function and associated vascular factors in patients with uncontrolled AH. Materials and methods. The research involved 88 patients with uncontrolled AH (UAH) — group 1 (median age 60, men — 39%) and 46 patients with controlled AH (CAH) — group 2 (median age 59, men — 41%). Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). There were studied vascular factors: thickness of the intima-media complex (IMC), pulse wave velocity (PWV), microcirculation flow index (MFI) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations. For the statistical analysis the following criteria were used: Student t-test, Mann—Whitney test. Multifactorial linear regression analysis was performed in groups. Results. In Group 1, there was a lower cognitive function index by MoCA — 24 [22; 26] points against 26 [25; 27] points in Group 2 (p = 0.002). IMC thickness was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (1.1 [0.90; 1.20] mm vs 1.0 [0.80; 1.10] mm, p = 0.042), concentration of ADMA was higher in Group 1 (0.73 ± 0.21 µmol/l vs 0.65 ± 0.1 µmol/l, p = 0.02), MFI was higher in Group 2 (30.6 [27.1; 34.4] perf. units vs. 22.8 [18.6; 26.1] perf. units, р < 0.001). No differences between the groups were found in PWV. In regression analysis, the following factors had a statistically significant effect on MoCA scores: in Group 1 — age, IMC thickness, ADMA and MFI; in Group 2 — age and glomerular filtrate rate. Conclusion. Patients with uncontrolled AH have more pronounced cognitive dysfunction than those with controlled AH, which is associated with increased IMC thickness, impaired microcirculation and increased ADMA concentration.

scholarly journals Survival Determinants after Pancreatectomy With Vascular Resection for Pancreatic Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 443-452
Author(s):  
Song-Lin Yu ◽  
Guo-Feng Zhang ◽  
Chun Ye ◽  
Xu-Bo Wu ◽  
Cheng-Hong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Tnm Staging ◽  
Vascular Resection ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Survival Factors ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

To investigate the morbidity, mortality, and survival of patients with pancreatic cancer after pancreatectomy with vascular resection and to clarify the favorable prognostic survival factors. Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor. Many revisions have been made to surgical procedures to improve the prognosis of resectable pancreatic cancer. Several studies have compared no-vein and vein resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy, recording their feasibility and equal rates of operative mortality, incidence, and survival. Factors identified as potentially relevant to survival outcomes include population, perioperative treatment, and clinical pathologic factors, but these are still controversial. From January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2010, 63 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer underwent pancreatectomy with vascular resection. They were divided into 2 groups: one group had a survival time of &lt;2 years (group 1) and the other a survival time of &gt;2 years (group 2). Their clinical data, surgical techniques, perioperative parameters, and histopathologic data from a prospective database were analyzed. Major venous resection with reconstruction was performed in 61 patients (96.83%); major venous and artery resection with reconstruction in 1 patient (1.58%); and arterial resection with reconstruction in another patient (1.58%). The median survival time and the actuarial 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates for all patients are 19.94 months and 45.0%, 27.4%, and 17.6%, respectively. Group 1 contained 42 patients and group 2 contained 21 patients. A multivariate analysis identified tumor size, tumor differentiation, lymph-node status, nerve invasion, and metastasis (TNM) staging of the pancreatic cancer, tumor grade, operating time, and chemotherapy after surgery as independent predictors of long-term survival. TNM staging, tumor grade, operating time, and chemotherapy are independent predictors of survival after pancreatectomy.

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