Review of Russian regulatory documents on the organization and functioning of offices and departments of magnetic resonance imaging.

Diagnostic studies carried out using any medical equipment require comprehensive control, which is provided by a number of regulatory documents. Particular attention is paid to X-ray imaging methods, but in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one can notice both the lack of this attention and the multidirectional efforts to normalize. This is understandable - this diagnostic method is not based on the use of ionizing radiation, and although magnetic fields have some effect on human health, especially on personnel who work in MRI rooms all the time, they are safe for patients who come to the diagnostic procedure from time to time. time and do not have in their body foreign metal (steel implants) or electronic (pacemakers, neurostimulators) objects. However, ignorance and non-compliance with both advisory and mandatory requirements can significantly increase the risk of harm to patients or staff, as well as lead to a decrease in the quality of imaging and diagnostics. A separate feature of the field of MRI regulation is that over the past decades, more than a dozen different standards, sanitary norms, rules, letters and recommendations have been published or revised, a significant part of which complement or duplicate each other, or completely contradict each other. As a result, the need to ensure compliance of the MRI room / department with the requirements of regulatory documents is greatly complicated. This paper provides an overview of the regulatory documentation in force in Russia related to the organization and functioning of an MRI room / department, highlights the aspects that are most important from the point of view of safe and high-quality operation, and formulates the steps necessary to modernize the system, both from the point of view of the quality of diagnostics. and the safety of MRI studies.

PERFORATED MECKEL’S DIVERTICULUM IN A YOUNG MALE PATIENT: A CASE REPORT

In this article we report the case of a 26-year-old boy suffering from perforation of Meckel's diverticulum (MD), a rare complication of the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract (1). This congenital condition can remain asymptomatic for a long time and sometimes it can get complicated with diverticulitis, formation of enteroliths, neoplasms and rarely perforation as in this case. A preoperative radiological assessment is of fundamental importance for a correct diagnostic and therapeutic management of the patient. In this article we show the typical tomographic imaging features of this infrequent complication, in order to help radiologists in detecting it.

A Case Report of Osteopoikilosis in the ribs, pelvic region and spine

Osteopoikilosisis a rare inherited benign bone dysplasia incidentally found on radiological exams. It ischaracterized by a specific radiological pattern which consists in diffuse, round or oval, symmetrically shaped sclerotic bone areas distributed throughout the skeleton. It is important to do a correct diagnosis because these lesions could be easily confused with bone metastasis. We reported a case of an osteopoikilosis patient presenting to our clinic with transient loss of consciousness and without any numbness, tingling and weakness in the legs or other parts of the body. The CT scan showed multiple small sclerotic foci bone islands, scattered throughout the thoracic and lumbar spine, ribs, pelvic bone, sacrum and bilateral proximal femur. No significant increase in the activity was detected in Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) whole body bone scintigraphy. The patient was diagnosed with characteristic radiological findings of osteopoikilosis and was followed up.

MRI in prostate cancer radiology: what is currently known?

Approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer rely on a combination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological data. The purpose of this review is to introduce the reader to the basics of the current diagnostic approach to prostate cancer with a focus on texture analysis (TA). Texture analysis allows the evaluation of relationships between image pixels using mathematical methods, which provides additional information. First-order texture analysis of features can have greater clinical reproducibility than higher-order texture features. Textural features extracted from diffusion coefficient maps have shown the greatest clinical relevance. Future research should focus on integrating machine learning methods to facilitate the use of texture analysis in clinical practice. Development of automated segmentation methods is required to reduce the likelihood of including normal tissue in the area of interest. Texture analysis allows noninvasive separation of patients into groups in terms of possible treatment options. Currently, there are few clinical studies on the differential diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer, including Gleason and ISUP grading. Large prospective studies are required to verify the diagnostic potential of textural features.

USE OF RADIOMIC MARKERS IN PREOPERATIVE DETECTION OF EXTRA-AXIAL TUMOR GRADE

Backgraund: Extra-axial tumors are one of the tumor groups which are difficult for primary differential diagnostics. Detection and standardization of radiomic markers is one of the main problems of our time. Aim: To detect radiomic markers for preoperative assessment of extra-axial tumor grade. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of MRI (1.5T) data of 156 patients with extra-axial tumors. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1(n=106) with perifocal changes, Group 2 (n=50) extra-axial tumor without perifocal changes. Diffusion and perfusion sequences were included in the scanning protocol. The areas of interest were (1) the lesion and (2) the area of perifocal changes. Measurements were made from the lesion and the area of perifocal changes on ACD and DSE maps, DCE was analyzed. Results: The maximum lesion size in Group 1 was 2.2cm (1.4; 4.3), in Group 2 - 1.2cm (0.9; 3.5). In Group 1 diffusion restriction from the lesion was detected in 42 patients (39.6%), in Group 2 in 7 patients (14%). The maximum size of perifocal changes in Group 1 was 2.85cm (1.5; 4.7). Diffusion restriction was detected in 52 cases (49.1%). In patients of Group 2 with verified meningioma multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the maximum size of the lesion demonstrated a 3.3-time increase of rCBF from the area of perifocal changes (coef. 3.3 CI 1.27; 5.28) p = 0.003, however, it demonstrated a 4-time decrease of rCBF (coef. 4 CI -7.46;-0.71) p = 0.02. Conclusions: Perfusion and diffusion method combined with anatomical sequences show potential and can be used as radiomic markers for diagnostic assessment and treatment of extra-axial tumors. There is further potential in detecting radiomic functional markers from the area of perifocal changes.

The development path of the Moscow Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine for 25 years through the eyes of an eyewitness

A brief history of the 25-year development of the postgraduate education of radiologists - one part of the diversiform activities of the Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies (until 2019, the Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Radiology) of the Moscow Department of Health. The article is devoted to well-known scientists and leading radiologists who were and are involved in the postgraduate education and training of radiologists and other specialists in radiology at different periods of the Centers history.

Unified diagnostic information system: the use of endoscopy results in the interpretation of computed tomography images of the neck and craniofacial area

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Exclusion of thyroid cancer based on imaging studies

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Features of X-ray diagnostics of Hamman’s syndrome associated with new coronavirus infection. Clinical observation

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Comparative study of the digital mammography data analysis system based on artificial intelligence “Celsus” and radiologists

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