To the doctrine of pituitary hormones

1926 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 731
Author(s):  
V. S.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Uterine Muscle

W. Lampe (Wiener kl. Woch., 1926, No. 1) prepared from the posterior lobe of the human pituitary gland, by extraction with acetone, a dry preparation, which in its effect on blood pressure, diuresis and uterine muscle was similar to the pituitary extract obtained from the pars posterior hypophysis of animals.

THE LIPID-MOBILIZING EFFECT OF SOME PITUITARY GLAND PREPARATIONS

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Trygstad
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Gland Extract

ABSTRACT Lipid-mobilizing effect has been observed for nearly all the accepted pituitary hormones and for several suggested pituitary 'lipotrophins'. Pituitary hormone preparations are usually not homogeneous, and even a highly purified ACTH (p.ACTH) contains less than 30 per cent pure adrenocorticotrophin. Crude ACTH (c.ACTH) was found to be 250 times more adipokinetic in rabbits than p.ACTH, indicating that this effect was mainly due to impurities. A lipid-mobilizing fraction (LMFr) was precipitated from a human pituitary gland extract before the preparation of growth hormone and crude gonadotrophins, whereby the adipokinetic effect of these preparations in the rabbit became negligible. Removal of LMFr gave an electrophoretically purified growth hormone with reduced molecular weight and an increased somatotrophic potency per unit weight in a radioimmunoassay system. Injection of the lipotrophic preparations into rabbits lowered the serum calcium level, and concentrations below 3 meq./l were observed, often accompanied by convulsions and in some instances by death. It is concluded that the adipokinetic and hypocalcaemic effects of c.ACTH, p.ACTH and the employed human growth hormone preparations in rabbits may be due to contaminations. It is suggested that the LMFr contains a human pituitary lipotrophic factor which may also be responsible for the hypocalcaemia observed in the rabbit.

scholarly journals Expression profile of active genes in the human pituitary gland

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Tanaka ◽  
K Tatsumi ◽  
K Okubo ◽  
K Itoh ◽  
S Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Chromogranin B ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Active Genes

To characterize transcripts abundantly expressed in the human pituitary gland in general as well as to isolate novel transcripts expressed specifically in this gland, we generated an expression profile of the active genes transcribed in it. A total of 1015 randomly collected 3prime prime or minute expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (gene signatures, GSs) were grouped into 527GS species. The results showed the relative expression levels of genes in the pituitary gland. The genes comprising more than 1% of total mRNA were prolactin, growth hormone and chromogranin B genes. When known genes were categorized, the genes for pituitary hormones were the most actively transcribed, followed by the genes for ribosomal proteins, nuclear proteins and secretory granule proteins. Through comparison of this gene expression profile with the BodyMap database containing profiles generated from 63 other human tissues, we obtained 11 genes which appeared to be specifically expressed in the pituitary gland. In addition to the eight known genes, we identified three novel pituitary-specific transcripts which encode putative proteins: pituitary gland specific factor 1a (PGSF1a), PGSF1b and PGSF2. This expression profile method is a novel approach to the isolation of pituitary-specific genes that may have important functions.

The corticotrophic cells of the canine pituitary gland in pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McNicol ◽  
H. Thomson ◽  
C. J. R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Corticotrophic Cells

The distribution of specifically stained corticotrophic cells has been studied in the pituitary glands of 11 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The results suggest that the disease is not a single entity, and that some cases are caused by primary abnormality of the pituitary gland whereas others appear to be the result of dysfunction of the hypothalamus or central nervous system. The patterns correspond closely to those demonstrated in the human pituitary gland in Cushing's disease, and confirm that the canine disease is a useful model for the study of the pathogenesis of the variants of the condition.

Isolation of five active thyrotropin components from human pituitary gland

1975 ◽  
Vol 379 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Roos ◽  
D.V. Dervartanian ◽  
Gunilla Jacobson ◽  
Leif Wide
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland

The Presence, Characterisation and Synthesis of Neuromedin B in the Human Pituitary Gland

1992 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange C. Hearn ◽  
Philip M. Jones ◽  
Mohammad A. Ghatei ◽  
Johanna Byrne ◽  
Sarah F. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Neuromedin B

Histopathology of pituitary tumours

2011 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Eva Horvath ◽  
Kalman Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Pars Intermedia ◽  
Pars Tuberalis ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Fibre Network ◽  
Pars Anterior ◽  
A Minor

The human pituitary gland consists of two major components: the adenohypophysis comprising the hormone producing cells of the pars anterior, pars intermedia, and pars tuberalis, and the neurohypophysis, also called pars nervosa or posterior lobe (1). In contrast to most mammalian species, the human gland has no anatomically distinct pars intermedia (2). The exclusively proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-producing cells of the pars intermedia are sandwiched between the anterior and posterior lobes in the majority of mammals, whereas in the human they are incorporated within the pars anterior, thereby constituting the pars distalis (3). The pars tuberalis is a minor upward extension of the adenohypophysis attached to the exterior of the lower pituitary stalk. In this chapter we deal only with adenohypophyseal tumours. Histologically, the adenohypophysis consists of a central median (or mucoid) wedge flanked by the two lateral wings. The hormone-producing cell types are distributed in an uneven, but characteristic manner. The cells are arranged within evenly sized acini surrounded by a delicate but well-defined reticulin fibre network giving the pituitary its distinct architecture (4). In the center of the acini is the long-neglected pituitary follicle composed of the agranular nonendocrine folliculo-stellate cells (5).

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptors in Human Pituitary Gland: Autoradiographic Localization

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Errol B. De Souza ◽  
Marilyn H. Perrin ◽  
Peter J. Whitehouse ◽  
Jean Rivier ◽  
Wylie Vale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland
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