Prospects for the use of new generation of anti-tuberculosis drugs in treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Mariia V. Pavlova ◽  
Tatiana I. Vinogradova ◽  
Natalia V. Zabolotnykh ◽  
Elena S. Ershova ◽  
Nadezhda V. Sapozhnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

The aim of this work was an experimental and clinical study of increasing of the efficiency of therapy of respiratory tuberculosis with drug resistant pathogen by including a combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs of new generation Bedaquiline (Bq) and Thioureidoiminomethylpyridi-nium perchlorate (perchlozone, Tpp) into treatment regimens. The presented results were obtained: in the experiment on a model of tuberculosis infection in 103 male C57black / 6 mice, reproduced by inserting into the lateral vein of the tail of a suspense of clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with multi-drug resistance (MDR) and with various combinations of mutations in the genes; in the clinic on the basis of examination and treatment of 148 patients with multidrug-resistant respiratory tuberculosis. It is shown that the application of the therapy schemes for multiple and broad drug resistant tuberculosis, containing Bq and Tpp in combination with drugs, selected taking into account the drug sensitivity of mycobacteria, allows to significantly reduce the periods of relief of symptoms of intoxication, regression of inflammatory changes, abacillation and achieving positive X-ray dynamics. Undesirable phenomena against the background of combined prescription of new generation drugs, as a rule, corresponded to light and moderate severity, and in frequency of development and expression did not differ from control groups of observation.

scholarly journals Prospects for the use of new generation of anti-tuberculosis drugs in treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (experimental and clinical study)

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Mariia V. Pavlova ◽  
Tatiana I. Vinogradova ◽  
Natalia V. Zabolotnykh ◽  
Elena S. Ershova ◽  
Nadezhda V. Sapozhnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

The aim of this work was an experimental and clinical study of increasing of the efficiency of therapy of respiratory tuberculosis with drug resistant pathogen by including a combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs of new generation – Bedaquiline (Bq) and Thioureidoiminomethylpyridinium perchlorate (perchlozone, Tpp) into treatment regimens. The presented results were obtained: in the experiment on a model of tuberculosis infection in 103 male C57black / 6 mice, reproduced by inserting into the lateral vein of the tail of a suspense of clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with multi-drug resistance and with various combinations of mutations in the genes; in the clinic – on the basis of examination and treatment of 148 patients with multidrug-resistant respiratory tuberculosis. It is shown that the application of the therapy schemes for multiple and broad drug resistant tuberculosis, containing Bq and Tpp in combination with drugs, selected taking into account the drug sensitivity of mycobacteria, allows to significantly reduce the periods of relief of symptoms of intoxication, regression of inflammatory changes, abacillation and achieving positive X-ray dynamics. Undesirable phenomena against the background of combined prescription of new generation drugs, as a rule, corresponded to light and moderate severity, and in frequency of development and expression did not differ from control groups of observation.

scholarly journals Determinants Of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Among Adultsundergoing Treatment For Tuberculosis In Tigray Region, Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidane Zereabruk ◽  
Tensay Kahsay ◽  
Hiyab Teklemichael ◽  
Woldu Aberhe ◽  
Abrha Hailay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Tigray Region ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a type of tuberculosis that is resistant to at least the first line anti-tuberculosis drugs namely, Rifampicin and Isoniazid. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has continued to be a challenge for tuberculosis control globally. Globally 600,000 people were newly eligible for Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment with an estimated 240,000 deaths annually. There are few numbers of multi drug resistant tuberculosis studies in different regions of Ethiopia. However, most of these studies were restricted only to a single hospital and there is no published information regarding multi drug resistant tuberculosis in Tigray region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the determinants of multidrug resistant tuberculosis among adults undergoing treatment for tuberculosis in Tigray region, Ethiopia.Methods A hospital based unmatched case control study was conducted from April to June, 2019. Simple random sampling method was used to select 85 cases and 169 controls. Primary data was collected by face-to-face interview and secondary data by reviewing patients’ charts using pretested structured questionnaires. The data were entered and cleaned using Epi data manager then exported to SPSS for analysis. Binary Logistic regression model was used to test the association between independent and dependent variables. Model fitness was checked using Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit and Variance inflation factor was used to assess multi collinearity between the independent variables. Variables at p-value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis was entered into a multivariable analysis to identify the determinant factors of multi drug resistant tuberculosis. Finally, level of significance was declared at p-value <0.05.Results A total of 254 participants with 85 cases and 169 controls were included in this study. Of the respondents, 62 (36.7%) among the controls and 48 (56.5%) among the cases were living in rural residence. Rural residence [AOR=2.54;95%CI=1.34,4.83], HIV[AOR=4.5;95%CI=1.4,14.2], relapse [AOR=3.86;95%CI;1.98,7.5], return after lost follow up [AOR=6.29;95% 1.64,24.2], treatment failure [AOR=5.87; CI=1.39,24.8] were among the determinants of Multi drug resistance tuberculosis.Conclusion Rural residence, HIV, relapse, return after lost follow up and treatment failure were the identified determinant factors of Multi drug resistance tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Determinants Of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Among Adults Undergoing Treatment For Tuberculosis In Tigray Region, Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidane Zereabruk ◽  
Tensay Kahsay ◽  
Hiyab Teklemichael ◽  
Woldu Aberhe ◽  
Abrha Hailay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Tigray Region ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a type of tuberculosis that is resistant to at least the first line anti-tuberculosis drugs namely, Rifampicin and Isoniazid. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has continued to be a challenge for tuberculosis control globally. Globally 600,000 people were newly eligible for Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment with an estimated 240,000 deaths annually. There are few numbers of multi drug resistant tuberculosis studies in different regions of Ethiopia. However, most of these studies were restricted only to a single hospital and there is no published information regarding multi drug resistant tuberculosis in Tigray region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the determinants of multidrug resistant tuberculosis among adults undergoing treatment for tuberculosis in Tigray region, Ethiopia.Methods A hospital based unmatched case control study was conducted from April to June, 2019. Simple random sampling method was used to select 85 cases and 169 controls. Primary data was collected by face-to-face interview and secondary data by reviewing patients’ charts using pretested structured questionnaires. The data were entered and cleaned using Epi data manager then exported to SPSS for analysis. Binary Logistic regression model was used to test the association between independent and dependent variables. Model fitness was checked using Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit and Variance inflation factor was used to assess multi collinearity between the independent variables. Variables at p-value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis was entered into a multivariable analysis to identify the determinant factors of multi drug resistant tuberculosis. Finally, level of significance was declared at p-value <0.05.Results A total of 254 participants with 85 cases and 169 controls were included in this study. Of the respondents, 62 (36.7%) among the controls and 48 (56.5%) among the cases were living in rural residence. Rural residence [AOR=2.54;95%CI=1.34,4.83], HIV[AOR=4.5;95%CI=1.4,14.2], relapse [AOR=3.86;95%CI;1.98,7.5], return after lost follow up [AOR=6.29;95% 1.64,24.2], treatment failure [AOR=5.87; CI=1.39,24.8] were among the determinants of Multi drug resistance tuberculosis.Conclusion Rural residence, HIV, relapse, return after lost follow up and treatment failure were the identified determinant factors of Multi drug resistance tuberculosis.

Exploring patient-provider factors for risk of developing Multi-drug Resistance Tuberculosis in Southern Ethiopia: Qualitative Operation Research (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitagesu Habtu ◽  
Tesema Bereku ◽  
Girma Alemu ◽  
Ermias Abera
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND Ethiopia is one of among thirty high burden countries of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the regions of world health organization. Contextual evidence on the emergence of the disease is limited at a program level. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to explore patient-provider factors that may facilitate the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. METHODS We used a phenomenological study design of qualitative approach from June to July, 2015. We conducted ten in-depth interviews and 4 focus group discussions with purposely selected patients and providers. We designed and used an interview guide to collect data. Verbatim transcribes were exported to open code 3.4 for emerging thematic analysis. Domain summaries were used to support core interpretation. RESULTS The study explored patient-provider factors facilitating the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. These factors as underlying, health system and patient-related factors. Especially, the a shows conflicting finding between having a history of discontinuing drug-susceptible tuberculosis and emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS The patient-provider factors may result in poor early case identification, adherence to and treatment success in drug sensitive or multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Our study implies the need for awareness creation about multi-drug resistant tuberculosis for patients and further familiarization for providers. This study also shows that patients developed multi-drug resistant tuberculosis though they had never discontinued their drug-susceptible tuberculosis treatment. Therefore, further studies may require for this discording finding.

scholarly journals Use of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining to detect viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamima Islam ◽  
Farjana Rahman ◽  
Saurab Kisore Munshi ◽  
Jewel Ahmed ◽  
S M Mostafa Kamal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fluorescein Diacetate ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Auramine O

Objective: Drug resistant tuberculosis has long been a common problem prevailing in developing countries including Bangladesh. Present study focused on the rapid identification of live Mycobacterium tuberculosis among treatment failure cases.Materials and Methods: Sputum samples from a total of 100 category-I and category-II treatment failure cases, assumed as multidrug resistant tuberculosis, were studied through fluorescein diacetate (FDA) staining under light emitting diode (LED) fluorescence microscope. Considering culture method as gold standard, we also compared the results of FDA staining with that of auramine O staining.Results: A total of 85% acid-fast bacilli were detected by FDA staining, 82% by auramine O staining and a total of 85% isolates were detected in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture. The sensitivity of FDA staining (96.47%) was estimated to be slightly higher than that of auramine O staining (91.76%). Moreover,76.47% cases were detected as multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Conclusion: Taken together, FDA staining method has been proposed to be appropriate for the rapid diagnosis of drug resistant tuberculosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i4.12605 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 04 Oct’12

Treatment of patients with multidrug­resistant and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis depending on the composition of individualized regimens: immediate and long­term results

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Yu.I. Feshchenko ◽  
N.A. Litvinenko ◽  
N.V. Grankina ◽  
M.V. Pogrebna ◽  
Yu.O. Senko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Individualized Treatment ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

Objective — to study the effectiveness of treatment of MDR-TB (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis) and preXDR-TB/XDR-TB (pre-extensively and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis), depending on the composition of ITRs (individualized treatment regimens). Materials and methods. Тhe prospective observational study included 566 patients with MDR/preXDR-TB and XDR-TB during 2016—2020 on the scientific clinical bases of the SI «National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine» and ME «Kryvyi Rih Anti-tuberculosis Dispensary» Dnipropetrovsk Regional Council Department. Patients were prescribed individualized treatment regimens in cases where short (standard or modified) regimens could not be prescribed. Patients were divided into comparison groups: 469 of them were treated with antimycobacterial therapy including bedaquiline and other effective antimycobacterial drugs groups A—C (without delamanid) — group 1. And 97 patients who were treated with the inclusion of both new antimycobacterial drugs (bedaquiline and delamanid) — group 2. Results and discussion. Regardless of whether the delamanid, in addition to bedaquiline and other drugs selected for the scheme according to WHO recommendations, «effective treatment» was found in 91.3 against 88.6 % of patients. In the remote period (6-month — 4-year follow-up period) there was no recurrence of the disease, regardless of the composition of the regime. The loss of treatment effectiveness was due to deaths from non-tuberculosis reasons and those lost for follow-up. Conclusions. For highly effective treatment, individualized regimens should include bedaquidine and linezolid from group A, and for previously ineffectively treated patients, clofazimine and carbapenems must be included (possibility to include 4 or more effective AMDs in ITR). For patients with fluoroquinolone resistance, treatment should include delamanid.

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