scholarly journals GENETIC BASE FOR SYMPATRY OF YELLOW WAGTAIL MOTACILLA FLAVA LINNAEUS, 1758 AND YELLOW-HEADED WAGTAIL MOTACILLA CITREOLA PALLAS , 1776 (MOTACILLIDAE, PASSERIFORMES) IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Elena Alexandrovna Artemyeva ◽  
Andrei Vladimirovich Mishchenko ◽  
Denis Konstantinovich Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yellow Wagtail ◽  
The Status ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Middle Volga

We investigated the genetic basis between sympatric breeding population yellow wagtail Motacilla flava and yellow-headed wagtail Motacilla citreola in the Middle Volga region. We lead the phylogeographic analysis of the nucleotide sequences in the mitochondrial gene of oxidase I cytochromes in yellow wagtail Motacilla flava and yellow headed wagtail M. citreola populations of Middle Volga. As part of the traditionally recognized species M. flava and M. citreola revealed the existence of separate lines, common in the European part of Russia and neighboring countries and associated with the presence of Middle Volga populations of subspecies of M. f. flava, M. f. thunbergi and M. c. citreola, M. c. werae respectively. The forms of M. c. citreola and M. c. werae due to significant genetic distances deserve assigning them the status of the species. These results suggest that, despite the broad sympatry in nesting places, there is a selective mating between males and females of each species studied, which prevents from the free crossing and supports the insulating mechanisms in populations

On the processes of sympatric speciation in the group of «yellow» wagtails in the Middle Volga region

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Elena Artemieva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Sympatric Speciation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Intraspecific Hybridization ◽  
Yellow Wagtail ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This article discusses the mechanisms of sympatric speciation in the group of species of «yellow» wagtails based on hybridization. Interspecific and intraspecific hybridization can be attributed to the genetic mechanisms of divergence of populations of «yellow» wagtails. The existence of hybridization between the subspecies of the white-eared yellow wagtail M. flava beema and the yellow-fronted wagtail M. lutea leads to the emergence and further accumulation in the population of individuals with a light-colored head to varying degrees, the so-called «gray-headed» individuals. Intraspecific hybridization of subspecies forms of the yellow wagtail M. flava — nominative M. f. flava and white-eared M. f. beema leads to constantly occurring genotypic splits, which support intraspecific polymorphism of populations and provide the basis for further genetic divergence of these subspecies and species. The form of "gray-headed" hybrids is characterized by maximum genetic distances (1306.67–1375.67), which may correspond to the species rank. The modern polytypic complex of M. flava (in the narrow sense, a series of species and subspecies of only M. flava) probably formed in historical time on the basis of fan hybridization between the original forms of M. f. flava and M. lutea. Thus, the factors of genetic differentiation and divergence, along with ecological and geographical isolation, play a leading role in the formation of the spatio-temporal and genetic structure of the genus Motacilla. Currently, there is an active process of genetic divergence and separation of subspecies and species forms of «yellow» wagtails under conditions of wide sympatry within a single polytypic complex based on intraspecific and interspecific hybridization in the European part of Russia.

scholarly journals Typological originality of secondary dialects with the south Russian basis in the Middle Volga Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
T. E. Bazhenova
Keyword(s):  
Volga Region ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
The South ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Russian Dialect ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Linguistic Basis

The article highlights the problem of the typology of dialects of the Middle Volga region. Particular attention is paid to secondary dialects with signs of South Russian dialect bases, the status of which in the Volga atlases is determined ambiguously. The area of the described dialect type is indicated. It is indicated that in the left-bank part of the Middle Volga region, in the so-called Trans-Volga region, there is a high probability of the existence of secondary Central Russian dialects with the preservation of signs of southern Russian maternal stems. The main source is data from regional atlases. The materials of dialectological expeditions to the villages of the Samara region are used. The description of the typological characteristics of the secondary dialects with a southern base, which are designated on the maps of regional atlases as Central Russian, is based on the analysis of isogloss of phonetic, grammatical and proper lexical dialect phenomena. In dialects with a completed transition to Central Russian, typologically significant South Russian features are types of yakany with the preservation of vowel dissimilation, obstruent pronunciation of g of secondary origin and other phonetic, morphological and lexical features that make up the series of two-term dialectal correspondences. According to the linguistic basis, such dialects are often polydialectal. In some dialects, the South Russian basis is not in doubt, and we can only state the beginning of the transition to the Central Russian type. The question is raised about the existence of secondary dialect types, formed as a result of the assimilation of dialects of the South Russian dialect with other dialects, not only in the Volga region, but also in other territories with favorable conditions for inter-dialectal contact. It is concluded that the presence of the Central Russian type and South Russian bases in the described dialects is possible only if there is a sufficient amount of information on typologically significant levels of the dialect language, in which systemic relations are clearly manifested and which are represented on linguistic maps by stable isoglosses. Data on secondary types of dialects should be based on the structural-typological classification of dialectal phenomena of various levels, including the lexical one.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the birds of the Middle Volga Region (South-East of the European part of Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Klenina ◽  
Alexander Ruchin ◽  
Evgenii Bykov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acoustic Methods ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
First Time

Birds are the most numerous and widespread group of higher vertebrates. Due to the peculiarities of their biology, birds play an important role in nature and in human life. Ornithological studies described in this publication were conducted in seven regions of the Middle Volga Region (Chuvashia, Mordovia, Tatarstan, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Ulyanovsk and Penza Regions) from 1978 to 2021. Visual and acoustic methods were used to study the species composition during field studies. In total, 5065 birdoccurrences belonging to 157 species, 48 families and 19 orders were registered. All occurrences have a geographical reference. The large volume of data collected, the wide geographical coverage and the long-term nature of the observations determined the value of their inclusion in the GBIF and the need for publication in the Biodiversity Data Journal. We are publishing our original data on the coordinates of bird occurrences in the Middle Volga Region for the first time. Most of the original information about bird occurrences was contained in field diaries and was not available to a wide range of researchers. All 5065 occurrences are new to GBIF.

scholarly journals Distribution of alien plant species of the Middle Volga Region (South-East of the European part of Russia): a dataset

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Senator ◽  
Alyona Tretyakova ◽  
Dmitry Vorontsov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
European Part ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Vascular Plant Species ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Middle Volga

The dataset presented in the current study contains information regarding alien vascular plant species found in the Middle Volga Region (South-East of the European part of Russia). The dataset overall includes 413 species belonging to 247 genera and 67 families. The described dataset is based on the data published during floristic studies from 1851 to 2019. The dataset does not include alien vascular plant species that have presently disappeared from the territory of the region. It contains a total of 7,782 records of occurrences, extracted from the Salix system of information and analytics, developed in the Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A total of 7,782 records were published on the occurrence of alien vascular plants in the Middle Volga Region. Each entry includes information regarding the place of occurrence of the alien plant species, the year of occurrence, the person who recorded the alien plant and who identified it, status of the species (introduced or invasive), link to the herbarium, which contains the specimen and the literary source. If it were impossible to establish the names of the persons who collected the samples and (or) their identification in the identifiedBy and recordedBy fields, the names of the authors of the publication given in the associatedReferences field were entered. The presented dataset supplements the information on the distribution of alien plant species in the whole European part of Russia and specifies the places of their findings in the Middle Volga Region.

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