Modern Methods of Visualization in Diagnosis, Staging and Elaboration of Treatment Tactics for Primary Malignant Bone Tumors. Part I

At present the oncologists have great potentialities in diagnostic techniques that enable to determine not only the structural but functional characteristics of the tumor as well. The use of modern technologies of medical visualization for diagnosis, determination of the disease stage and effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with bone sarcomas of high degree (G3-G4) malignancy is presented.

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KPNA2 expression is a potential marker for differential diagnosis between osteosarcomas and other malignant bone tumor mimickers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-29911/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lucen Jiang ◽

Jianghuan Liu ◽

Qingzhu Wei ◽

Yiyang Wang

Keyword(s):

Bone Tumor ◽

Bone Tumors ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Malignant Bone Tumor ◽

Malignant Bone Tumors ◽

Potential Marker ◽

Tumors Of Bone ◽

Bone Sarcomas ◽

Malignant And Benign Tumors

Abstract Background Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2), a member of the Karyopherin α family, has been observed in several cancers but lack substantial investigation in malignant bone tumors. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate KPNA2 expression level and its utility as a novel diagnostic biomarker in osteosarcomas and their malignant bone tumor mimickers, such as chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas.Method We investigated the expression of KPNA2 protein by immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded surgical specimens from 217 patients with malignant and benign tumors of bone, including 81 osteosarcomas, 42 chondrosarcomas, 9 Ewing sarcomas, 28 osteoid osteoma, 20 osteochondroma and 37 Chondroblastoma. Immunoreactivity was scored semi quantitatively based on stain extent and intensity.Results Seventy one of 81 (87.7%) osteosarcomas, zero of 42 (0%) chondrosarcomas and one of 9 (11.1%) Ewing sarcomas showed immunoreactivity for KPNA2. Negative KPNA2 expression was observed in all of benign bone tumors. Much more positive expression of KPNA2 was found in osteosarcomas as compared with chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. The sensitivity and specificity of KPNA2 immuno-expression for osteosarcoma was 87.7% and 100%, respectively. In several subtypes of osteosarcomas, immunohistochemical expression of KNA2 was more frequent in osteoblastic (94.5%), with 39 (70.9%) showing strong-intensity staining. KPNA2 positivity was observed in eleven of 13 (84.6%) chondroblastic, three of 6 (50%) fibroblastic, three of 4 (75%) telangiectatic and two of 3 (66.7%) giant cell-rich osteosarcoma. Stronger-intensity staining was observed in osteoblastic osteosarcoma.Conclusion KPNA2 is most frequently expressed in osteosarcomas, particularly in osteoblastic and chondroblastic tumors, but is rarely positive in chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. This feature may have diagnostic value since it is very useful for distinguishing between osteosarcomas and other bone sarcomas mimickers. This report supports KPNA2 as a novel marker for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.

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Malignant bone tumors in Pediatrics. Five year experience in a pediatric referral center

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina ◽

10.15446/revfacmed.v64n3.50475 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 403

Author(s):

Gisela Barros ◽

Angela Maria Trujillo ◽

Lina Jaramillo ◽

Francy Helena Ortiz ◽

Agustin Dario Contreras

Keyword(s):

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Bone Tumors ◽

Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Ewing's Sarcoma ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Pediatric Hospital ◽

Malignant Bone Tumors ◽

Primary Bone Tumors ◽

Primary Bone

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing’s Sarcoma (ES) are the two most common malignant bone tumors in children. A retrospective review of the records of children diagnosed in a pediatric hospital over a five year period (2008-2013) was performed.Objective: To present the experiences acquired during the treatment of these types of tumors and to compare the results obtained with those reported in the literature.Methodology: The database of the Oncology and Pathology Service of Fundación Hospital de la Misericordia (HOMI) was reviewed to identify patients with primary bone tumors referred for histopathology analysis.Results: 22 patients were diagnosed with OS, with a mean age of 11.9 years. 96% of cases were located in the lower extremities. All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 86% underwent surgical treatment; 13% survived. 15 patients were diagnosed with ES, with a mean age of 12.4 years. 67% of cases were located in flat bones, 53% of patients had metastasis when diagnosed, and all received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 40% of patients received surgical intervention and 20% received radiotherapy. Survival at the completion of the reseearch was 33%.Conclusions: Cure and survival rates are lower than those reported in the literature despite efforts to improve treatments.Keywords: Osteosarcoma; Ewing’s Sarcoma; Disease Progression; Recurrence; Neoplasm Metastasis (MeSH).

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Feasibility of Molecular Structure Determination With a High Resolution Electron Microscope

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100101438 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

T. A. Welton

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Substrate Surface ◽

Helical Axis ◽

Base Plane ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscope ◽

High Degree ◽

Degree Of Order ◽

Purine Pyrimidine

An ultimate design goal for an improved electron microscope, aimed at biological applications, is the determination of the structure of complex bio-molecules. As a prototype of this class of problems, we propose to examine the possibility of reading DNA sequence by an imaginable instrument design. This problem ideally combines absolute importance and relative simplicity, in as much as the problem of enzyme structure seems to be a much more difficult one.The proposed technique involves the deposition on a thin graphite lamina of intact double helical DNA rods. If the structure can be maintained under vacuum conditions, we can then make use of the high degree of order to greatly reduce the work involved in discriminating between the four possible purine-pyrimidine arrangements in each base plane. The phosphorus atoms of the back bone form in projection (the helical axis being necessarily parallel to the substrate surface) two intertwined sinusoids. If these phosphorus atoms have been located up to a certain point on the molecule, we have available excellent information on the orientation of the base plane at that point, and can then locate in projection the key atoms for discrimination of the four alternatives.

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Scintigraphy with 99m Tc-Phosphonate and 67Gallium in Patients Suspected of Primary Bone Tumors

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1620567 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 21 (04) ◽

pp. 136-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C.-J. Edeling

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Bone Scintigraphy ◽

Primary Tumor ◽

Bone Tumors ◽

Whole Body ◽

Skeletal Metastases ◽

Malignant Bone Tumors ◽

67Ga Scintigraphy ◽

Primary Bone Tumors ◽

Primary Bone

Whole-body scintigraphy with both 99mTc-phosphonate and 67Ga was performed on 92 patients suspected of primary bone tumors. In 46 patients with primary malignant bone tumors, scintigraphy with 99mTc-phosphonate disclosed the primary tumor in 44 cases and skeletal metastases in 11, and 67Ga scintigraphy detected the primary tumor in 43 cases, skeletal metastases in 6 cases and soft-tissue metastases in 8 cases. In 25 patients with secondary malignant bone tumors, bone scintigraphy visualized a single lesion in 10 cases and several lesions in 15 cases, and 67Ga scintigraphy detected the primary tumor in 17 cases, skeletal metastases in 17 cases and soft-tissue metastases in 9 cases. In 21 patients with benign bone disease positive uptake of 99mTc-phosphonate was recognized in 19 cases and uptake of 67Ga in 17 cases. It is concluded that bone scintigraphy should be used in patients suspected of primary bone tumors. If malignancy is suspected, 67Ga scintigraphy should be performed in addition.

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MR-Derived CT-Like Images and Simulated Radiographs versus Conventional Radiography in Patients with Benign and Malignant Bone Tumors

10.1055/s-0038-1639518 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandra Gersing ◽

Daniela Muenzel ◽

Felix Kopp ◽

Benedikt Schwaiger ◽

Carolin Knebel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Tumors ◽

Conventional Radiography ◽

Malignant Bone Tumors

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Influence of the Share of Renewable Energy Sources on the Level of Energy Security in EECCA Countries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14040903 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 903 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivan Trifonov ◽

Dmitry Trukhan ◽

Yury Koshlich ◽

Valeriy Prasolov ◽

Beata Ślusarczyk

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Security ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Resource ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Structural Content ◽

High Degree

In this study we aimed to determine the extent to which changes in the share of renewable energy sources, their structural complex, and the level of energy security in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) countries in the medium- and long-term are interconnected. The study was performed through modeling and determination of the structural characteristics of energy security in the countries. The methodology of the approach to modeling was based on solving the problem of nonlinear optimization by selecting a certain scenario. For the study, the data of EECCA countries were used. The ability of EECCA countries to benefit from long-term indirect and induced advantages of the transformation period depends on the extent to which their domestic supply chains facilitate the deployment of energy transformation and induced economic activity. This study provides an opportunity to assess the degree of influence of renewable energy sources on the level of energy security of countries in the context of energy resource diversification. The high degree of influence of renewable energy sources on energy security in the EECCA countries has been proven in the implementation of the developed scenarios for its increase. Energy security is growing. At the same time, its level depends not only on an increase in the share of renewable sources but also on the structure of energy resources complex of countries, and the development of various renewable energy sources. Therefore, today the EECCA countries are forced not only to increase the share of renewable energy sources but also to attach strategic importance to the structural content of their energy complex.

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Resistance to Outflow of Cerebrospinal Fluid Determined by Bolus Injection Technique and Constant Rate Steady State Infusion in Humans

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-198503000-00010 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 336-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Michael Kosteljanetz

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Steady State ◽

Bolus Injection ◽

Point Of View ◽

Injection Technique ◽

Communicating Hydrocephalus ◽

Constant Rate ◽

High Degree ◽

Infusion Technique

Abstract Two methods for the determination of resistance to the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid, the bolus injection technique and the constant rate steady state infusion technique, were compared. Thirty-two patients with a variety of intracranial diseases (usually communicating hydrocephalus) were studied. There was a high degree of correlation between the resistance values obtained with the two methods, but values based on the bolus injection technique were systematically and statistically significantly lower than those obtained with the constant rate infusion test. From a practical point of view. both methods were found to be applicable in a clinical setting.

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