Predicting the Restoration of Incompetent to Stand Trial Criminal Defendants in Jail

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Incompetent To Stand Trial

Determining reasonableness: identification of the non-restorable person adjudicated incompetent to stand trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-272
Author(s):  
Maranda A. Upton ◽  
Andrea Muschett ◽  
Kevin Kurian ◽  
Billy James ◽  
Todd Sherron
Keyword(s):  
Incompetent To Stand Trial

Length of stay for inpatient incompetent to stand trial patients: importance of clinical and demographic variables

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-742
Author(s):  
Charles Broderick ◽  
Allen Azizian ◽  
Katherine Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
State Psychiatric ◽  
State Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Violent Acts ◽  
Incompetent To Stand Trial

ObjectiveWe investigated clinical and demographic variables to better understand their relationship to hospital length of stay for patients involuntarily committed to California state psychiatric hospitals under the state’s incompetent to stand trial (IST) statutes. Additionally, we determined the most important variables in the model that influenced patient length of stay.MethodsWe retrospectively studied all patients admitted as IST to California state psychiatric hospitals during the period January 1, 2010 through June 30, 2018 (N = 20 041). Primary diagnosis, total number of violent acts while hospitalized, age at admission, treating hospital, level of functioning at admission, ethnicity, sex, and having had a previous state hospital admission were evaluated using a parametric survival model.ResultsThe analysis showed that the most important variables related to length of stay were (1) diagnosis, (2) number of violent acts while hospitalized, and (3) age of admission. Specifically, longer length of stay was associated with (1) having a diagnosis of schizophrenia or neurocognitive disorder, (2) one or more violent acts, and (3) older age at admission. The other variables studied were also statistically significant, but not as influential in the model.ConclusionsWe found significant relations between length of stay and the variables studied, with the most important variables being (1) diagnosis, (2) number of physically violent acts, and (3) age at admission. These findings emphasize the need for treatments to target cognitive issues in the seriously mentally ill as well as treatment of violence and early identification of violence risk factors.

Decision making of forensic psychiatric inpatients deemed incompetent to stand trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kenny A. Karyadi ◽  
Stephen R. Nitch ◽  
Dominique I. Kinney ◽  
William G. Britt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
Incompetent To Stand Trial

A survey of national trends in psychiatric patients found incompetent to stand trial: reasons for the reinstitutionalization of people with serious mental illness in the United States

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
Katherine Warburton ◽  
Barbara E. McDermott ◽  
Anthony Gale ◽  
Stephen M. Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
National Level ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Treatment ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
General Mental Health ◽  
Forensic Patients ◽  
State Hospitals ◽  
Incompetent To Stand Trial

Objective.Recent information indicates that the number of forensic patients in state hospitals has been increasing, largely driven by an increase in patients referred to state hospitals as incompetent to stand trial (IST). This survey was intended to broaden the understanding of IST population trends on a national level.Methods.The authors developed a 30-question survey to gather specific information on IST commitments in each state and the District of Columbia. The survey was administered to all 50 states and the District of Columbia via email. Specific individuals identified as primary administrators responsible for the care and evaluation of IST admissions in each state were contacted.Results.A total of 50 out of the 51 jurisdictions contacted completed the survey. Fully 82% of states indicated that referrals for competency evaluation were increasing. Additionally, 78% of respondents thought referrals for competency restoration were increasing. When asked to rank factors that led to an increase, the highest ranked response was inadequate general mental health services in the community. Inadequate crisis services were the second ranked reason. Inadequate number of inpatient psychiatric beds in the community was the third highest, with inadequate assertive community treatment services ranking fourth.Conclusions.Understanding the national trend and causes behind the recent surge in referrals for IST admissions will benefit states searching for ways to remedy this crisis. Our survey indicates most states are facing this issue, and that it is largely related to insufficient services in the community.

A longitudinal description of incompetent to stand trial admissions to a state hospital

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Barbara E. McDermott ◽  
Katherine Warburton ◽  
Chloe Auletta-Young
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
State Hospitals ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Forensic Inpatient ◽  
Incompetent To Stand Trial ◽  
Inpatient Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Growing Population

Objective.Evidence is clear that the nation is experiencing an increasing number of incompetent to stand trial (IST) admissions to state hospitals. As a result, defendants in need of treatment can wait in jail for weeks for admission for restoration. This study was conducted to better understand this growing population and to inform hospital administration about the characteristics of IST admissions.Methods.The study was conducted at the Department of State Hospitals (DSH) facility in Napa (DSH-Napa), a 1200-bed primarily forensic inpatient psychiatric facility located in northern California. The records of patients found IST and admitted to DSH-Napa for restoration of competence between the dates of 1/1/2009 and 12/31/2016 were eligible for inclusion in the study.Results.There were a total of 3158 unduplicated IST admissions available during the specified time period. Our data indicate that the number of admissions with more than 15 prior arrests increased significantly, from 17.7% in 2009 to 46.4% in 2016. In contrast, the percent of patients reporting prior inpatient psychiatric hospitalization evidenced a consistent decrease over time from over 76% in 2009 to less than 50% in 2016.Conclusion.Our data add to the body of literature on the potential causes of the nationwide increase in competency referrals. The literature is clear that jails and prisons are now the primary provider of the nation’s mental health care. Our data suggest that another system has assumed this role: state hospitals and other providers charged with restoring individuals to competence.

Offense Characteristics of Incompetent to Stand Trial Defendants Charged With Violent Offenses

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 257-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Schreiber ◽  
Debbie Green ◽  
Michal Kunz ◽  
Brian Belfi ◽  
Gabriela Pequeno
Keyword(s):  
Incompetent To Stand Trial ◽  
Violent Offenses ◽  
Offense Characteristics

Interventions in Forensic Settings: Juveniles in Residential Placement, Defendants in Drug Courts or Mental Health Courts, and Defendants in Forensic Hospitals as Incompetent to Stand Trial

2010 ◽  
pp. 649-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Heilbrun ◽  
Naomi Goldstein ◽  
David DeMatteo ◽  
Allison Hart ◽  
Christina Riggs Romaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mental Health Courts ◽  
Residential Placement ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
Specialized Courts ◽  
Incompetent To Stand Trial ◽  
Effectiveness Data

Interventions for criminal justice–involved populations have been an increasing focus of theoretical and research attention, and have also been recognized as among the “next frontier” of priorities for the forensic mental health professions. In this chapter, we present a description of three different kinds of interventions with criminal justice populations. These interventions—for adjudicated delinquents, defendants diverted into specialized courts, and defendants hospitalized as incompetent to stand trial—represent a range of population ages, traditional versus relatively new modalities, and stages of the juvenile/criminal justice systems. Perhaps surprisingly, the more established of these interventions (juvenile placement and forensic hospitalization) have relatively less empirical data regarding their effectiveness than do the newer drug and mental health court modalities. In this chapter, we summarize the evidence that does exist, describe existing and recommended practices where indicated (unfortunately, often without the assistance of effectiveness data), and draw conclusions regarding our future research needs in light of this discussion.

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