Offense Characteristics of Incompetent to Stand Trial Defendants Charged With Violent Offenses

This study compared the Type A tendencies reported on the Behavior Activity Profile questionnaire and those yielded by a taped-voice analysis of 34 male prison inmates convicted for a variety of violent offenses. The primary objective was to provide prison officials with an instrument for detecting repeated assaulters from nonassaulters. The secondary objective was to determine which of the two Type A assessment techniques was more predictive of prisoners' status as assaulters. The multivariate analysis indicated that the profile, prisoners' length of sentence, and number of convictions accounted for 88% of the variance in grouping, assaulter or nonassaulter. Implications for prison administrators and researchers were discussed.

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An Empirical Investigation of Violence Against Women in the NFL

Journal of Sport and Social Issues ◽

10.1177/01937235211043645 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 019372352110436

Author(s):

Krystyna Gotberg ◽

Jacquelyn D. Wiersma-Mosley

Keyword(s):

Substance Abuse ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Empirical Investigation ◽

National Football League ◽

Driving Under The Influence ◽

Public Attention ◽

Violent Behaviors ◽

And Performance ◽

Performance Enhancing Drugs ◽

Violent Offenses

The purpose of this study was to examine violence against women (VAW) in the National Football League (NFL). Since Ray Rice assaulted his partner on video, VAW by NFL players has received more public attention. However, there is little empirical research that examines VAW in the NFL and player suspensions compared to other violations. Data come from a public list of 176 NFL players known to have violated NFL policies from 2010–2019. Four major types of violations were found: VAW included sexual assault, rape, and domestic violence; general violent behaviors included assault or battery; drug-related offenses included substance abuse, alcohol, driving under the influence (DUI's), illegal drugs, and performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs); and minor sports-related infractions included issues such as missing a team meeting. The average number of game suspensions was 4.08 for VAW offenses, 1.75 for general violent offenses, 4.05 for drug-related offenses and 1.88 for minor infractions. We found no differences in the number of game suspensions for drug-related offenses compared to VAW; general violent offenses had even fewer suspensions. These numbers are contradictory to the NFL's Personal Conduct Policy of a 6-game suspension without pay for VAW and general violence.

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“A Horrible Looking Woman”: Female Violence in Late-Victorian East London

Journal of British Studies ◽

10.1017/jbr.2015.116 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 844-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrew August

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Violent Crime ◽

Female Violence ◽

Steep Decline ◽

Violent Offenses

AbstractScholars have attributed a steep decline in violent crime in nineteenth-century England to a “civilizing offensive” launched to discipline violent masculinities. In East London, however, a significant minority of those brought before summary courts on charges of violent offenses were women. Newspaper accounts of these cases show that some women committed assaults that resembled the violent actions of men. The courts and newspapers evaluated defendants against standards of femininity. Those women who successfully performed dominant versions of femininity received lenient treatment in the courts and approval in the newspapers. The courts harshly punished those who did not conform. These accounts reveal a campaign against disorderly femininities that paralleled the civilizing offensive directed against unruly masculinities.

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Facial Emotion Recognition and Empathy in Employees at a Juvenile Detention Center

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x17721518 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (8) ◽

pp. 2430-2446 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Luz Anyela Morales Quintero ◽

Jairo Muñoz-Delgado ◽

José Carlos Sánchez-Ferrer ◽

Ana Fresán ◽

Martin Brüne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Offenders ◽

Emotion Recognition ◽

Juvenile Detention ◽

Facial Emotion Recognition ◽

Facial Emotion ◽

Independent Effect ◽

Detention Center ◽

Security Guards ◽

Juvenile Detention Center ◽

Violent Offenses

Numerous studies have shown that emotion recognition is impaired in individuals with a history of violent offenses, especially in those diagnosed with psychopathy. However, in criminological contexts, there is insufficient research regarding the role of empathy and facial emotion recognition abilities of personnel employed in correction centers. Accordingly, we sought to explore facial emotion recognition abilities and empathy in administrative officers and security guards at a center for institutionalized juvenile offenders. One hundred twenty-two Mexican subjects, including both men and women, were recruited for the study. Sixty-three subjects were administrative officers, and 59 subjects were security guards at a juvenile detention center. Tasks included “Pictures of Facial Affect” and the “Cambridge Behavior Scale.” The results showed that group and gender had an independent effect on emotion recognition abilities, with no significant interaction between the two variables. Specifically, administrative officers showed higher empathy than security guards. Moreover, women in general exhibited more empathy than men. This study provides initial evidence of the need to study emotion recognition and empathy among professionals working in forensic settings or criminological contexts.

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Offense Characteristics of Career Criminals with Severe Mental Disorders

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x8803200207 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 143-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Josέ B. Ashford

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Severe Mental Disorders ◽

Career Criminals ◽

Offense Characteristics

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The Associations Among Callous-Unemotional Traits, Worry, and Aggression in Justice-Involved Adolescent Boys

Clinical Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/2167702618766351 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 671-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Emily L. Robertson ◽

Paul J. Frick ◽

James V. Ray ◽

Laura C. Thornton ◽

Tina D. Wall Myers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Offenders ◽

Self Report ◽

Additive Effects ◽

Cu Traits ◽

Callous Unemotional ◽

Callous Unemotional Traits ◽

Violence Severity ◽

Violent Offenses ◽

First Time ◽

Official Records

Previous research has reported that elevations on both callous-unemotional (CU) traits and anxiety (measured as trait worry) among adolescents are associated with a particularly severe pattern of aggressive behavior. In the current study, we tested whether elevated trait worry would add only to the prediction of less severe and reactive aggression assessed by self-report but not to more severe violence, proactive aggression, and official records of violent arrests. First-time male juvenile offenders ( N = 1,216) were assessed at 6-month intervals for 30 months. Contrary to predictions, our analyses found both CU traits and worry independently predicted self-reported violent offenses (regardless of violence severity) and aggression (both proactive and reactive) across 30 months after their first arrest. However, when using arrest records, only CU traits were associated with violent offenses. This suggests that the additive effects of anxiety and worry in predicting risk for later violence may be limited to self-report.

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Risk Assessment and Post-Release Recidivism in a Sample of Juvenile Homicide Offenders

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x211049203 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0306624X2110492

Author(s):

James T. Hubbell ◽

Kathleen M. Heide ◽

Norair Khachatryan

Keyword(s):

Risk Scores ◽

Future Research ◽

Chi Square ◽

Attempted Murder ◽

Violent Recidivism ◽

Two Measures ◽

Juvenile Homicide ◽

Supreme Court Rulings ◽

Violent Offenses ◽

The Relationship

Given recent U.S. Supreme Court rulings regarding the constitutionality of juveniles who received mandated life sentences, questions have arisen in the field of criminology regarding how these offenders will adjust if someday released. Risk scores were calculated for 59 male juvenile homicide offenders (JHOs) based upon the eight domains in the Youth Level of Supervision/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) and used to examine recidivism among the 48 JHOs who were released. Sample subjects were charged as adults for murder and attempted murder in the 1980s, convicted, and sentenced to adult prison. Chi-square analyses were used to assess the relationship between risk score category and two measures of recidivism, which were general arrests and violent offenses. Results indicated risk scores failed to predict both general and violent recidivism. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.

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