Constitutional Court's Decision of Unconformable to Constitution for Criminal Abortion and Pro-life Movement of Korean Catholic Church

Protest and Religion: The U.S. Pro-Life Movement

Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.684 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ziad Munson

Keyword(s):

Catholic Church ◽

Legal Status ◽

Direct Action ◽

Religious Faith ◽

Sole Source ◽

The United States ◽

Educational Outreach ◽

Abortion Law ◽

Pro Life ◽

Life Movement

Religion, and particularly the Catholic Church, was at the center of the emergence and initial mobilization of the pro-life movement in the United States. The movement originated in Catholic opposition to the liberalization of abortion law beginning in the 1950s, and accelerated rapidly after 1973 when abortion was legalized nationwide by the Supreme Court. Protestants began entering the movement in large numbers beginning in the 1980s, which corresponded with a peak in the amount of antiabortion street protest (and violence). All forms of pro-life protest—educational outreach to influence public opinion, political and legal involvement to influence the legal status of abortion, the development of crisis pregnancy centers to persuade individual pregnant women to carry their pregnancies to term, and direct action against abortion providers—have their roots in this formative period of movement mobilization, and all have continued to be important elements of the movement over the last half century. All these forms of protest activity include a religious component. They involve activists of deep religious faith, motivated by religious ideas, using religious principles in arguments about abortion, and depending on the leadership and resources of religious organizations. But the role of religion in the movement is sometimes overstated. Religion has not been the sole source of support for the movement. Pro-life protest has always included activists and organizations that are partially or wholly outside these strands of religious influence. Religion has also been a frequent source of tension and conflict in the movement, in addition to being a source of support. And the relationship between religion and the movement in recent decades does not distinguish it from the underlying partisan political landscape in which it is now firmly rooted.

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DIREITOS SEXUAIS E REPRODUTIVOS E LAICIDADE DO ESTADO

Numen ◽

10.34019/2236-6296.2014.v17.21945 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leonel Piovezana

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Catholic Church ◽

Political Power ◽

Reproductive Rights ◽

Sexual Rights ◽

The West ◽

The Family ◽

National Congress ◽

Pro Life ◽

Life Movement

RESUMOA hegemonia jurídica do terreno da sexualidade e da reprodução sempre foi disputada pelas religiões e pelo poder político. No Ocidente, com a constituição dos Estados laicos (século XVIII e XIX), deu-se a separação entre Estado e Igreja, sendo esta consignada em suas Cartas Magnas. Mas a disputa em torno das normas que regem o exercício da sexualidade e da reprodução continuou ao longo dos séculos XIX, XX e início do XXI, constituindo-se ainda em tema de grande atualidade. Neste artigo abordamos a interferência da Igreja Católica no Congresso Nacional na disputa de projetos de Lei sobre Reprodução e Sexualidade na década de 90. Nele caracterizaremos três atores ligados à Igreja Católica: o Grupo Parlamentar Católico, o Setor Família da CNBB e o Movimento Pró-Vida, destacando sua organização e suas estratégias nesta disputa cuja arena foi o Congresso Nacional.Palavras-chave: Laicidade. Estado. Direitos sexuais. Direitos reprodutivos.ABSTRACTThe legal hegemony of the sexuality’s terrain and reproduction has always been disputed by religions and for political power. In the West, with the secular States Constitution (eighteenth and nineteenth century), occurred the separation between State and Church, these being consigned to their Magna’s letters. But the dispute around the rules governing the exercise of sexuality and reproduction continued throughout the 19th, 20th and beginning of the 21th centuries, still in big theme today. In this article we discuss the Catholic Church’s interference in the National Congress in the dispute of law projects about reproduction andsexuality in the 90s (nineties). It will feature three actors linked to the Catholic Church: the Catholic Parliamentary Group, the Family of the Brazilian Bishops and the Pro-Life Movement,highlighting its organization and its strategies inthis dispute whose arena was the National Congress.Keywords: Secularism. State. Sexual Rights. Reproductive Rights.

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Catholic Politicians and the Politics of Abortion Position Taking

Politics and Religion ◽

10.1017/s1755048317000530 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 281-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kathleen Marchetti ◽

David O'Connell

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Catholic Church ◽

Text Analysis ◽

Elected Officials ◽

Leading Role ◽

Automated Text Analysis ◽

Roe V Wade ◽

Pro Life ◽

Life Movement ◽

The Catholic Church

AbstractFour decades after the Court's landmark decision inRoe v. Wade, the issue of abortion persists as a point of contention for elected officials. The Catholic Church has taken a leading role in the pro-life movement, putting many Catholic representatives in a difficult position as they can be cross-pressured by their party, their constituents, and their own beliefs. Given these pressures, how do Catholic legislators explain their positions on abortion? We address this question via an analysis of public statements about abortion made by Catholic representatives and senators in the 108thCongress. We examine which members comment on abortion and use automated text analysis to measure legislators' certainty and use of moral and religious terms when discussing abortion. Multivariate analysis shows that gender, ethnicity, and an interaction between a member's position on abortion and the number of Catholics in their constituency shape how Catholic legislators discuss abortion.

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