A STUDY OF THE APPLICATION OF VOLUMETRIC COMPENSATION BY DIRECT AND INDIRECT MEASUREMENT METHODS

AbstractThe conventional method for testing the performance of reconfigurable sensory electronics of industry 4.0 relies on the direct measurement methods. This approach gives higher accuracy but at the price of extremely high testing cost and does not utilize the new degrees of freedom for measurement methods enabled by industry 4.0. In order to reduce the test cost and use available resources more efficiently, a primary approach, called indirect measurements or alternative testing has been proposed using a non-intrusive sensor. Its basic principle consists in using the indirect measurements, in order to estimate the sensory electronics performance parameters without measuring directly. The non-intrusive property of the proposed method offers better performance of the sensing electronics and virtually applicable to any sensing electronics. Efficiency is evaluated in terms of model accuracy by using six different classical metrics. It uses an indirect current-feedback instrumentation amplifier (InAmp) as a test vehicle to evaluate the performance parameters of the circuit. The device is implemented using CMOS 0.35 μm technology. The achieved maximum value of average expected error metrics is 0.24, and the lowest value of correlation performance metrics is 0.91, which represent an excellent efficiency of InAmp performance predictor.

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Rotation Speed and Wind Speed Indirect Measurement Methods for the Control of Windmills with Fixed Blades Turbine

2008 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference ◽

10.1109/imtc.2008.4547166 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

N. Budisan ◽

V. Groza ◽

O. Prostean ◽

I. Filip ◽

M. Biriescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Rotation Speed ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Measurement Methods

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Interval scaling of landscape preference by direct- and indirect-measurement methods

Landscape and Planning ◽

10.1016/0304-3924(81)90016-2 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 257-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Gregory J. Buhyoff ◽

Linda K. Arndt ◽

Dennis B. Propst

Keyword(s):

Indirect Measurement ◽

Measurement Methods ◽

Landscape Preference

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Distinguishing automatic and controlled components of attitudes from direct and indirect measurement methods

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology ◽

10.1016/j.jesp.2006.12.008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 386-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Kate A. Ranganath ◽

Colin Tucker Smith ◽

Brian A. Nosek

Keyword(s):

Indirect Measurement ◽

Measurement Methods

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Accurate determination of reference wind speed and reference static pressure in wind tunnel tests

Advances in Structural Engineering ◽

10.1177/1369433219875302 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 578-583

Author(s):

YC He ◽

JCK Cheung ◽

QS Li ◽

JY Fu

Keyword(s):

Boundary Layer ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Wind Tunnel ◽

Measurement Method ◽

Static Pressure ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Measurement Methods ◽

Wind Tunnel Experiments

The reference wind speed and reference static pressure are two key parameters for determining the testing results of wind tunnel experiments. Traditionally, the values of these parameters can be determined using direct measurement methods. However, such methods may suffer from less accuracy and inconvenience of operations. This article documents an indirect measurement method which, compared to the traditional methods, has the merits of higher accuracy and greater operational convenience. Examples are presented to demonstrate the main procedures of the method and typical findings by using the method in a boundary layer wind tunnel.

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Toward a new method to classify the airblast sprayers according to their potential drift reduction: comparison of direct and new indirect measurement methods

Pest Management Science ◽

10.1002/ps.5354 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Marco Grella ◽

Paolo Marucco ◽

Paolo Balsari

Keyword(s):

Indirect Measurement ◽

Measurement Methods ◽

New Method

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Radiation Induced Nucleation of Nanoparticles in Silica

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-540-147 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 540 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Ila ◽

E. K. Williams ◽

D. B. Poker ◽

D. K. Hensley ◽

C. Klatt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Direct Methods ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Electronic Energy ◽

Implantation Dose ◽

Measurement Methods ◽

Total Electronic Energy ◽

Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Non Destructive

AbstractIn this paper, we present the results of our investigation of producing nanoclusters of gold in silica at fluences of two orders of magnitude less than what is traditionally used This is accomplished by implanting 2.0 MeV Au into silica followed by MeV bombardment by MeV Si ions. The size of the nanoclusters, ranging from one to 10 nanometers, is controlled by the implantation dose and by the total electronic energy deposited by each post bombarding ion in the implanted layer. By both indirect measurement methods, such as optical absorption spectrophotometry (non-destructive), and direct methods, such as transmission electron microscopy (destructive) we show how and at what concentrations gold nucleates to form nanoparticles by radiation-enhanced nucleation at a dose below that needed for spontaneous nanoparticle formation.

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Comparing sulfidation kinetics of silver nanoparticles in simulated media using direct and indirect measurement methods

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c8nr06668j ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (47) ◽

pp. 22270-22279 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jingyu Liu ◽

Fan Zhang ◽

Andrew J. Allen ◽

Aaron C. Johnston-Peck ◽

John M. Pettibone

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Reaction Kinetics ◽

Metal Nanoparticles ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Measurement Methods ◽

Chemical Transformations ◽

Complex Media ◽

Sulfidation Kinetics ◽

Engineered Systems ◽

Kinetics Of

Reported reaction kinetics of metal nanoparticles in natural and engineered systems commonly have used proxy measurements to infer chemical transformations, but extension of these methods to complex media has proven difficult.

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On the Measurement of Friction Coefficient at the Curved Surface in Metal Forming

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.1134 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 446-447 ◽

pp. 1134-1137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chun Lei Wu ◽

Lian Fa Yang ◽

Yu Lin He

Keyword(s):

Friction Coefficient ◽

Direct Measurement ◽

Metal Forming ◽

Indirect Measurement ◽

Measurement Methods ◽

Curved Surface ◽

Coefficient Measurement

Friction at the interface of die and workpiece plays an important role in metal forming. This paper introduces measurement methods of friction coefficient at curved surface in recent years, and divides the friction coefficient measurement methods into direct measurement methods and indirect measurement methods. Furthermore, the working principles and technical characteristics of these methods are explained.

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