scholarly journals El General Qi Jiguang, visionario y defensor de una nación

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
William Acevedo ◽  
Mei Cheung

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 6pt;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-US"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In 1550 d.C. China’s splendor during the Ming Dynasty was threatened by hostiles forces in the northern border as well as its eastern coasts. The appearance of Qi Jiguang, one of the most famous Chinese generals would change the way China trained its military leading to the creation of its first professional army. The following article will discuss the contributions of General Qi Jiguang and his legacy, which is carried on by one of the most powerful armies in the world, The People’s Liberation Army.</span></span></span></p>

Author(s):  
Paulians A
Keyword(s):  

The scriptures of the Eighteen Books of the Caṅkam'maruviya period and the Christian holy book, the Bible, are the divine lyrics of the Lord. The article explains that humanity is cultured by the admiration of sovereignty and the removing of evils and the good and good. The article explains the importance of the world being the creation of God and the atom without him, the merit of the lord's nature and the way of worshipping God, its benefits and the merits of the sovereignty.


Author(s):  
Neal Robinson

Ibn al-‘Arabi was a mystic who drew on the writings of Sufis, Islamic theologians and philosophers in order to elaborate a complex theosophical system akin to that of Plotinus. He was born in Murcia (in southeast Spain) in AH 560/ad 1164, and died in Damascus in AH 638/ad 1240. Of several hundred works attributed to him the most famous are al-Futuhat al-makkiyya (The Meccan Illuminations) and Fusus al-hikam (The Bezels of Wisdom). The Futuhat is an encyclopedic discussion of Islamic lore viewed from the perspective of the stages of the mystic path. It exists in two editions, both completed in Damascus – one in AH 629/ad 1231 and the other in AH 636/ad 1238 – but the work was conceived in Mecca many years earlier, in the course of a vision which Ibn al-‘Arabi experienced near the Kaaba, the cube-shaped House of God which Muslims visit on pilgrimage. Because of its length, this work has been relatively neglected. The Fusus, which is much shorter, comprises twenty-seven chapters named after prophets who epitomize different spiritual types. Ibn al-‘Arabi claimed that he received it directly from Muhammad, who appeared to him in Damascus in AH 627/ad 1229. It has been the subject of over forty commentaries. Although Ibn al-‘Arabi was primarily a mystic who believed that he possessed superior divinely-bestowed knowledge, his work is of interest to the philosopher because of the way in which he used philosophical terminology in an attempt to explain his inner experience. He held that whereas the divine Essence is absolutely unknowable, the cosmos as a whole is the locus of manifestation of all God’s attributes. Moreover, since these attributes require the creation for their expression, the One is continually driven to transform itself into Many. The goal of spiritual realization is therefore to penetrate beyond the exterior multiplicity of phenomena to a consciousness of what subsequent writers have termed the ‘unity of existence’. This entails the abolition of the ego or ‘passing away from self’ (fana’) in which one becomes aware of absolute unity, followed by ‘perpetuation’ (baqa’) in which one sees the world as at once One and Many, and one is able to see God in the creature and the creature in God.


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Zhang Meilan ◽  
Zhan Hao

Through examination of variants in two versions of Jinpingmei, three versions of Water Margin, two versions of Journey to the West, and between relevant sections of Qingpingshantang Scripts, Ancient and Modern Fiction, Jingshi Tongyan, and Amazing Stories, the existence of two trends of elegance and popularity in the orthography of different versions and literary works may be detected. Those texts with a more elegant character have been largely influenced by a strategy of standardized orthography, which is closely related to the creation purpose, knowledge, and cultural awareness of the authors, the willingness of booksellers to produce and sell such works, and their target consumers and readership. The differentiation between elegance and popularity in the character of literary works truly reflects the divergence of different texts within different social strata, which is not only a linguistic and philological question, but also a sociological one.


T oung Pao ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 100 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 404-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xu

This article examines the gendering of singing in the last few decades of the Ming dynasty and its connections with certain specific sonic environments. By reading together an assemblage of texts of a hybrid nature and considering each one as a complex literary or pictorial production growing out of the vibrant singing culture of the day, the author reconstructs the way in which certain soundscapes influenced and harmonized with two contrasting modes of vocal performance—the intimate “oriole”-like singing and the more masculine “crane” performing style. One observes further the rise of a new singing style that mingled the gendered categories of singing prevailing at the time and was related to the flourishing of outdoor singing festivals starting from the 1570s.
Cet article s’intéresse à la sexualisation de l’art du chant pendant les dernières décennies des Ming et à la façon dont elle était connectée avec certains environ-nements acoustiques particuliers. La lecture combinée d’une série de textes de nature hybride, considéré chacun comme une production littéraire ou picturale complexe née du dynamisme qui marquait la culture vocale de l’époque, permet à l’auteur de reconstituer la façon dont certains “paysages acoustiques” influençaient deux modes contrastés d’interprétation vocale — le style intime assimilé au chant du loriot et le mode d’interprétation plus masculin associé à celui de la grue — et s’harmonisaient avec eux. On observe en outre l’émergence d’un nouveau style vocal qui mêle les catégories sexualisées prévalant alors dans l’art du chant et qui est associé à l’essor des festivals de chant en plein air à partir des années 1570.



2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Levy ◽  
Stanley B. Silverman ◽  
Caitlin M. Cavanaugh

The scientist–practitioner model of training in industrial and organizational psychology provides the foundation for the education of industrial and organizational psychologists across the world. This approach is important because, as industrial and organizational psychologists, we are responsible for both the creation and discovery of knowledge and the use or application of that knowledge. In multiple articles recently published in this journal, Pulakos and her colleagues (Pulakos, Mueller Hanson, Arad, & Moye, 2015; Pulakos & O’Leary, 2011) have argued that performance management (PM), as applied and implemented in organizations, is broken. This is not a unique take on the state of PM in organizations, as others have been arguing for many years that PM is no longer working in organizations the way that we would like it to work (Banks & Murphy, 1985; Bretz, Milkovich, & Read, 1992). Further, for many years and in many Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology conference panels and debates in the literature, we have been inundated with discussions and conversations around the science–practice gap and around the gap being especially evident in PM.


2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 121-146
Author(s):  
Charmaine G. Misalucha

Abstract There is a need to reformulate the way in which we view international relations. Rather than simply a play at an obscure theater with the same characters reprising their respective roles based on an old script, international relations need to be seen as a play at the world stage whose script is always being reviewed, revised, rewritten, and renegotiated by characters who are actively searching for ways to be accommodated. In this way, the characters and the roles they play are provisional: they become who or what they are because of actions they take, and not necessarily because they are fated to be revered or condemned. To achieve the fluid nature of this script, one must pay attention to language games. These games allow for the participation of both sides of the equation – the Philippines and the United States – in the creation of the structure and direction of their relationship.


Author(s):  
Ionica Oncioiu ◽  
Mihaela Mirela Dogaru ◽  
Manoela Popescu

Globalization has created complex production chains, in which many countries contribute to the creation of added value. Globalization influences almost all aspects of life, but the way this evolution is felt differs from one country to another, from one region to another, from one individual to another. Globalization is an objective process that is taking place with astonishing speed, covering all the states of the world. It was determined and favored by the ultra-fast advances of technology, especially information technology, but also by the manifestations of the digital economy or information economy. Digitization has fundamentally changed the way companies operate while providing new entities with opportunities for survival and development. Websites have become powerful advertising and commercial tools, being used in all areas of activity. The technologies used to create and develop websites have diversified and become increasingly complex.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Yehoshafat Nevo

The book of R. Kalonymus Kalman Epstein (1751–1823), Ma’or VaShemesh, is a treatise of Chasidic thought, focusing particularly on the three concepts of “raising holy sparks,” redemption of the Shekhina (the divine presence), and worship of God. The author stresses the Lurianic idea that during the creation of the world, holy “sparks” fell and were absorbed into everything in the world. Thus, the way a person of Israel truly serves God is by redeeming these sparks through Torah learning and performing mitsvot. God’s main intention in creating the world was to dwell in it together with humanity, whose function is to reveal His Presence. Another message of Ma’or VaShemesh is that the divine Shekhina animates and directs everything in our world, and that people are expected to understand it.


2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Clark

This article looks at two seemingly disparate events: Georges Pompidou’s 1973 presidential visit to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the filming and release of Jean Yanne’s blockbuster comedy Les Chinois à Paris (1974). Both produced flawed visions of Franco-Chinese relations. During Pompidou’s visit, officials and the press attempted to demonstrate that France enjoyed warmer relations with the PRC than any other Western nation. Yanne’s film parodied the French fad for Maoism by imagining the People’s Liberation Army invading and occupying Paris. His film caused an uproar in the press and sparked official Chinese protest. The article ultimately argues that the two events were deeply related, part of a wave of popular and official interest in China in the early 1970s that extended well beyond the well-known stories of student and intellectual Maoists. This interest paved the way for Franco-Chinese relations as we know them today.


2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-610
Author(s):  
Natalia Ortiz Maldonado ◽  
Gonzalo S. Aguirre ◽  

We propose to approach Simondon’s writing as a techno-aesthetic object, as a singular prose of thought. To do so requires assuming Simondon’s technological proposal as the creation of a new mode of knowledge about the technicality of objects, abandoning the idea that the word “technology” can serve to designate a given state of things. This proposal, cultural and educational at the same time, requires a new way of approaching the world, starting with the way we approach reading. The techno-aesthetics of Simondon’s writing also requires a techno-aesthetic reading.


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