scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF NITROGEN‐FIXING BACTERIA IN ORDER TO REDUCE THE MINERAL NITROGEN FERTILIZERS IN SUGAR BEET

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Suzana Kristek ◽  
◽  
Sandra Brkić ◽  
Jurica Jović ◽  
Andrej Stanković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitroso Compounds ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

The aim of this study was to examine the possibilities of reducing the mineral nitrogen fertilizers by applying the free‐living (Azotobacter chroococcum) and associative (Azospirillum brasilense) nitrifying bacteria in the sugar beet production, without a reduction in the yield and quality of the sugar beet root. Along with the vegetables, most nitrates are collected by the species of the family Chenopodiaceae, to which the sugar beet belongs. Nitrogen is one of the most vital elements in the achievement of high yields, so it is used in large quantities in fertilization. However, it is the most unstable macroelement that flushes into the deeper soil layers, and a groundwater eutrophication is caused very often. Numerous diseases are associated with the high amounts of nitrates, nitrites, and nitroso compounds, i.e., the nitrite and nitroso compounds originating from the foodstuffs having a plant origin, water, and the cured meat products. The results of the study have demonstrated that it is possible to reduce a mineral nitrogen fertilizer quantity by using the nitrogen‐fixing bacteria while even obtaining a higher quality of the studied parameters. The nitrogen‐fixing bacteria predominate in the rhizosphere, so the plants could use the amounts of nitrogen necessary in a given vegetation period, which is not the case upon a nitrogen fertilization.

scholarly journals Diversity of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria Associated with Switchgrass in the Native Tallgrass Prairie of Northern Oklahoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (18) ◽  
pp. 5636-5643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul A. Bahulikar ◽  
Ivone Torres-Jerez ◽  
Eric Worley ◽  
Kelly Craven ◽  
Michael K. Udvardi
Keyword(s):  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Alpha Beta

ABSTRACTSwitchgrass (Panicum virgatumL.) is a perennial C4grass native to North America that is being developed as a feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production. Industrial nitrogen fertilizers enhance switchgrass biomass production but add to production and environmental costs. A potential sustainable alternative source of nitrogen is biological nitrogen fixation. As a step in this direction, we studied the diversity of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) associated with native switchgrass plants from the tallgrass prairie of northern Oklahoma (United States), using a culture-independent approach. DNA sequences from the nitrogenase structural gene,nifH, revealed over 20 putative diazotrophs from the alpha-, beta-, delta-, and gammaproteobacteria and the firmicutes associated with roots and shoots of switchgrass. Alphaproteobacteria, especially rhizobia, predominated. Sequences derived fromnifHRNA indicated expression of this gene in several bacteria of the alpha-, beta-, delta-, and gammaproteobacterial groups associated with roots. Prominent among these wereRhizobiumandMethylobacteriumspecies of the alphaproteobacteria,BurkholderiaandAzoarcusspecies of the betaproteobacteria, andDesulfuromonasandGeobacterspecies of the deltaproteobacteria.

scholarly journals Мікробоценози стічних вод Львова на різних етапах очищення

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
K.V. Sholiak ◽  
S.О. Hnatush ◽  
T.B. Peretyatko ◽  
S.P. Gudz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The aim of this work was to investigate some physiological groups of microorganisms which are components of wastewater microbiocenoses. Microorganisms were grown in Petri dishes containing 20–30 ml agar selective medium and in 25 ml tubes at a temperature +30 ºC. The selective media were: wort agar for microscopic fungi and yeasts, Hutchinson medium for the cellulose-destroying microorganisms, starch-ammonium medium for microorganisms that can utilize mineral nitrogen forms, Postgate B medium for sulfate-reducing bacteria, Vinogradsky medium for nitrifying bacteria, Ashby medium for the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Chapek medium for the actinomycetes. 1 mM Cr (VI) (104 mg/l) in the form of К2Cr2О7 was added to the medium. The number of colonies was determined by the Koch method. We studied wastewater microbocenoses of Lviv city at various stages of purification. We showed that the quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms differed significantly in primary and secondary clarifiers, the aerotank and sludge at different stages of sewage treatment. In the initial stages of purification, in the primary sump, bacteria that reached the treatment plant with sewage were found. Nitrifying bacteria (7.1 × 106colony forming units (CFU)/ml), nitrogen-fixing bacteria (9.0 × 106CFU/ml), and fungi (3.4 × 106 CFU/ml) dominated. The qualitative composition of microorganisms in primary clarifiers and the aerotank was similar, but their number in the aerotank was significantly higher than in the primary sump: 1.5 × 107 CFU/ml of nitrifying bacteria, 1.4 × 107CFU/ml of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 6.7 × 106CFU/ml of fungi. The ratio of different physiological groups of microorganisms in the active sludge changed significantly. The predominant microorganisms were those that assimilate mineral forms of nitrogen (65%), their number was 1.6 × 108CFU/ml. In the secondary clarifier, the largest group was cellulose-destroying microorganisms (6.0 × 105CFU/ml). However, their numbers in the secondary sump were lower compared to their numbers in the aerotank and sludge (1.5–3.9 × 106CFU/ml). Among the representatives of various physiological groups of bacteria a significant number of chromium-resistant strains was detected. The largest number of chromium-resistant strains was detected in the active sludge and aerotank, which is probably due to the recirculation of microorganisms in the wastewater treatment. The highest percentage of Cr (VI) resistant microorganisms was among sulphate-reducing bacteria. An increase in the percentage of chromium-resistant microorganisms occurred together with the lowering of the total number of microorganisms of a certain physiological group. These microorganisms could prove useful for the development of biotechnological methods wastewater treatment to eliminate chromium compounds, which are highly toxic to living organisms.

Associations of sugar beet and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in vitro

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mrkovacki ◽  
S. Mezei ◽  
I. Veresbaranji ◽  
M. Popovic ◽  
Z. Saric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PENAMBAT NITROGEN UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIOFERTILIZER

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Asrul Asrul ◽  
I Nyoman Pugeg Aryantha
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Query Cover ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrients ◽  
Base Sequencing ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

Nitrogen is a macro nutrient needed by plants. Generally, people use inorganic fertilizers to fulfill nitrogen nutrients in plants. The problem then is, the continuous use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers has a direct negative impact on the soil and a derivative impact on human health. The use of microorganisms, in this case bacteria, to provide nitrogen to plants can be done by isolating it and making it a biological fertilizer agent. Nitrogen fixing bacteria was isolated on the land of the oil palm plantation of PT Astra Agro Lestari. The isolated nitrogen-fixing bacteria were then tested quantitatively for their ability to fix nitrogen. The bacteria with the highest nitrogen fixing ability were then identified by sequencing their DNA nucleotide bases so that the bacterial strains were identified. The result is that there are 13 bacteria that are able to fix nitrogen with the codes J1, J3, Q5, L1, L11, J31, D1, M6, M5, R1, P2, J4 and C7. The quantitative test shows that bacteria with code D1 are the best at fixing nitrogen in the form of NH4, namely 0.27 ppm. The results of D1 bacterial DNA nucleotide base sequencing showed that the putitive Bacillus aerius strain 24K with identical values ​​and query cover reach    

Environmental effects on the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria

1972 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hill ◽  
J. W. Drozd ◽  
J. R. Postgate
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria
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