Impact of hypertension, overweight, hypertriglyceridemia and their combination for mortality rate according to the results of a 27-year cohort prospective study

Aim. To study influence of hypertension, overweight, hypertriglyceridemia and their combinations for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk formation. Methods. The prevalence of hypertension, overweight and hypertriglyceridemia was studied (1988-1991) by 27-year prospective cohort study of unorganized population of Tomsk (1546 persons – 916 female and 630 male). The predictive value of these risk factors for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk formation were researched in 2015. Hypertension was diagnosed in persons with blood pressure greater or equal to 140/90 mm Hg, overweight was diagnosed in people with body mass index 25 kg/m2, hypertriglyceridemia was diagnosed in individuals having high blood level of triglycerides (greater or equal to 1.7). Results. Influence of hypertension for all-cause (relative risk (RR) 2.2) and cardiovascular mortality (RR 3.38) risk formation was detected. A hypertension related elevation of mortality risk was observed both among women and men and in all age groups with the exception of men 40-59 years (the results for cardiovascular mortality in these persons was statistically insignificant). We established that hypertension had the independent significant contribution for mortality risk formation. It is shown that RR of all-cause mortality 1.25 times (cardiovascular mortality 1.8 times) more in overweight persons. Increase of relative mortality risk was detected in overweight women, especially in women 20-39 years old. Hypertriglyceridemia increases relative risk of all-cause mortality 1.46 times, relative risk of cardiovascular mortality 2.15 times, especially in individuals 40-59 years old. It was revealed that hypertriglyceridemia is significant risk factor for all-cause mortality formation only in women. Combination of hypertension and overweight increases the risk of all-cause mortality 2.23 times and the risk of cardiovascular mortality 4.0 times, combination of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia – 2.83 and 5.06 times, combination of overweight and hypertriglyceridemia – 1.73 and 2.99 times, respectively. We detected the additional risk of hypertriglyceridemia in individuals with overweight for all-cause (RR 1.53) and cardiovascular (RR 2.18) mortality risk formation compared with overweight persons with normal level of triglycerides and also the additional risk of hypertriglyceridemia (RR 1.51 and 2.04, respectively) in individuals with hypertension compared with normotensive persons (p<0,05). The additional risk of overweight in individuals with hypertension for all-cause mortality was found only in women (RR 3.23). Conclusion. The independent significant impact of hypertension for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk formation was revealed by the results of 27-year prospective study. Combination of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia increases the risk of all-cause mortality 2.8 times and the risk of cardiovascular mortality 5.1 times, combination of hypertension and overweight – 2.2 and 4 times, combination of overweight and hypertriglyceridemia – 1.7 and 3 times, respectively. We detected the additional risk of hypertriglyceridemia for all-cause mortality in overweight people (RR 1.5) and in individuals with hypertension (RR 1.5). Also, the additional risk of hypertriglyceridemia for cardiovascular mortality risk formation in overweight people (RR 2.2) and in persons with hypertension (RR 2.0) was found.

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Influence of arterial hypertension, smoking, and their combination on mortality (according to the results of a 27-year cohort prospective study of the unorganized population of Tomsk)

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2019-1-32-37 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 32-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I. V. Dolgalev ◽

N. G. Brazovskaya ◽

A. Yu. Ivanova ◽

A. Yu. Shipkhineeva ◽

P. M. Bogaychuk

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Antihypertensive Drugs ◽

Age Groups ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

One Year

Aim. To study the influence of arterial hypertension (AH), smoking, and their combination on the risk of all cause and cardiovascular mortality.Material and methods. We conducted a 27-year cohort prospective study of the unorganized population of Tomsk (916 women and 630 men aged 20-59 years). At the first stage, we studied the prevalence of AH and smoking (1998-1991), at the second (2015) — the effect of these risk factors (RF) and their combination on the risk of all cause and cardiovascular mortality. AH was diagnosed at a blood pressure level of >140/90 mmHg and <140/90 mm Hg in individuals taking antihypertensive drugs. Smokers were individuals who smoked at least 1 cigarette per day and quit smoking less than one year ago.Results. The study found a significant effect of AH and smoking on mortality: the relative risk (RR) of all-cause mortality in people with hypertension was 2,2, in smokers — 2,3, in those with a combination of RF — 5,0. The RR of cardiovascular mortality in AH individuals was 3,4, in smokers — 1,6, in smoking men and women suffering from AH — 5,2. An increase in the risk of all-cause mortality in people with AH and smoking was observed in all gender-age groups. Smoking was found to increase the risk of all-cause mortality in individuals with high levels of blood pressure by 2,1 times compared with non-smoking hypertensive patients. It reduces the chances of a 27-year survival rate to 64,4%, and more so in the youngest (20-39 years) age group (RR — 3,9). Multivariate analysis showed that AH and smoking make the most significant contribution to the formation of mortality compared to other modifiable RFs.Conclusion. We found that AH and smoking are among the most influential RFs, and their combination increases the RR of all-cause mortality by 5,0 times (cardiovascular — 5,2 times). We also determined an additional risk of smoking in individuals suffering from AH to the all-cause mortality.

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Prognostic Value of Serum Magnesium in Mortality Risk among Patients on Hemodialysis: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Kidney Diseases ◽

10.1159/000510513 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Hongwei Wu ◽

Qiang Li ◽

Lijing Fan ◽

Dewang Zeng ◽

Xianggeng Chi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Lower Serum ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

End Stage

Background: Previous studies have reported that serum magnesium (Mg) deficiency is involved in the development of heart failure, particularly in patients with end-stage kidney disease. The association between serum Mg levels and mortality risk in patients receiving hemodialysis is controversial. We aimed to estimate the prognostic value of serum Mg concentration on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients receiving hemodialysis. Methods: We did a systematic literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify eligible studies that reported the prognostic value of serum Mg levels in mortality risk among patients on hemodialysis. We performed a meta-analysis by pooling and analyzing hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: We identified 13 observational studies with an overall sample of 42,967 hemodialysis patients. Higher all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.58 [95% CI: 1.31–1.91]) and higher cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR 3.08 [95% CI: 1.27–7.50]) were found in patients with lower serum Mg levels after multivariable adjustment. There was marked heterogeneity (I2 = 79.6%, p < 0.001) that was partly explained by differences in age stratification and study area. In addition, subgroup analysis showed that a serum Mg concentration of ≤1.1 mmol/L might be the vigilant cutoff value. Conclusion: A lower serum Mg level was associated with higher all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients receiving hemodialysis.

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Leisure-Time Running Reduces All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Risk

Journal of the American College of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.jacc.2014.04.058 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 472-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 359

Author(s):

Duck-chul Lee ◽

Russell R. Pate ◽

Carl J. Lavie ◽

Xuemei Sui ◽

Timothy S. Church ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality Risk

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Relationship between Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Neck Circumference Shown in the Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE) Risk Model

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182010763 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 10763

Author(s):

Serkan Asil ◽

Ender Murat ◽

Hatice Taşkan ◽

Veysel Özgür Barış ◽

Suat Görmel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Risk Model ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Neck Circumference ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality Risk ◽

Very High ◽

Score Risk

Introduction: The most important way to reduce CVD-related mortality is to apply appropriate treatment according to the risk status of the patients. For this purpose, the SCORE risk model is used in Europe. In addition to these risk models, some anthropometric measurements are known to be associated with CVD risk and risk factors. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association of these anthropometric measurements, especially neck circumference (NC), with the SCORE risk chart. Methods: This was planned as a cross-sectional study. The study population were classified according to their SCORE risk values. The relationship of NC and other anthropometric measurements with the total cardiovascular risk indicated by the SCORE risk was investigated. Results: A total of 232 patients were included in the study. The patients participating in the study were analysed in four groups according to the SCORE ten-year total cardiovascular mortality risk. As a result, the NC was statistically significantly lower among the SCORE low and moderate risk group than all other SCORE risk groups (low-high and very high 36(3)–38(4) (IQR) p: 0.026, 36(3)–39(4) (IQR) p < 0.001, 36(3)–40(4) (IQR) p < 0.001), (moderate-high and very high 38(4) vs. 39(4) (IQR) p: 0.02, 38(4) vs. 40(4) (IQR) p < 0.001, 39(4) vs. 40(4) (IQR) p > 0.05). NC was found to have the strongest correlation with SCORE than the other anthropometric measurements. Conclusions: Neck circumference correlates strongly with the SCORE risk model which shows the ten-year cardiovascular mortality risk and can be used in clinical practice to predict CVD risk.

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