A Study of Change in Agricultural and Forest Land in Gwalior City Using Satellite Imagery

Author(s):  
Padam Jee Omar ◽  
Nitesh Gupta ◽  
Ravi Prakash Tripathi ◽  
Shiwanshu Shekhar ◽  
Surender .

The relative evaluation of land use and land cover for various uses such as forest, agriculture and water bodies etc. is the important issue in the semiarid region. Application of Remote Sensing technology for Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change analysis has been carried out in semi-arid region of Madhya Pradesh, central part of India and found that the use of remote sensing along with Survey of India toposheets could be used appropriately for LULC mapping. The semi-arid regions are characterized by erratic rainfall and high rate of vegetation dynamics. The increasing biotic pressure together with increasing human demands exerts pressure on the available land resources all over the region. Therefore, in order to have best possible use of land, it is not only necessary to have the information on the existing LULC, but also to monitor the dynamic land use resulting because of increasing demands aroused from the growing population. Continuous overexploitation of natural resources like land, water, and forest has caused serious threat to the local population of the semi-arid region. This causes problems like little scope for soil moisture storage, high rate of soil erosion, declining groundwater level and shortage of drinking water

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Anthony Rafael Soares Maia ◽  
Fernando Bezerra Lopes ◽  
Eunice Maia de Andrade

The dynamics of land use and land cover in watersheds of the Brazilian semi-arid region is not only influenced by human action, but also by the climatic seasonality of the region. Knowledge of the relationship between surveys of land use and land cover using geotechnology and the climatic seasonality of semi-arid regions is necessary. The aim of this study was to map and classify land use and cover in the watershed of the Orós reservoir (WSOR) with the help of geotechnology, and to identify the influence exerted by the climate on variations in the area of each class. The survey of land use and cover was carried out by means of the MAXVER method of classification of images from 2003, 2005, 2008 and 2013 from the LANDSAT 5 and LANDSAT 8 satellites. The areas of each class displayed dynamics influenced not only by human action but also by such factors as climate, topography and plant physiology. Years with high rainfall favoured classes such as thin scrub and dense scrub, with the opposite being seen in years considered as dry, when there was a considerable increase in areas of the anthropogenic class. Changes in the areas are caused by alterations in the deciduous vegetation; with leaf-fall during the dry season, these areas come to have the spectral response of areas with similar characteristics to the anthropogenic class. More-elevated regions favoured the presence of the dense-scrub class due to the microclimate and to the greater difficulty such areas present to human action.


Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Husband ◽  
Nancy E. McIntyre

In western Texas, most wetlands are fed from precipitation runoff, making them sensitive to drought regimes, anthropogenic land-use activities in their surrounding watersheds, and the interactive effect between these two factors. We surveyed adult odonates in 133 wetlands (49 in grassland settings, 56 in cropland, and 28 in urban areas) in western Texas from 2003–2020; 33 species were recorded. Most species were widespread generalists, but urban wetlands had the highest species richness, as well as the most unique species of any of the three wetland types. Non-metric, multidimensional scaling ordination revealed that the odonate community in urban wetlands was distinctly different in composition than the odonates in non-urban wetlands. Urban wetlands were smaller in surface area than the other wetland types, but because they were fed from more consistently available urban runoff rather than seasonal precipitation, they had longer hydroperiods, particularly during a multi-year drought when wetlands in other land-cover contexts were dry. This anthropogenically enhanced water supply was associated with higher odonate richness despite presumably impaired water quality, indicating that consistent and prolonged presence of water in this semi-arid region was more important than the presence of native land cover within which the wetland existed. Compared to wetlands in the regional grassland landscape matrix, wetlands in agricultural and urban areas differed in hydroperiod, and presumably also in water quality; these effects translated to differences in the regional odonate assemblage by surrounding land-use type, with the highest richness at urban playas. Odonates in human environments may thus benefit through the creation of a more reliably available wetland habitat in an otherwise dry region.


2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moslem Ladoni ◽  
Seyed Kazem Alavipanah ◽  
Hosein Ali Bahrami ◽  
Ali Akbar Noroozi

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deodato do Nascimento Aquino ◽  
Odílio Coimbra da Rocha Neto ◽  
Maurício Alves Moreira ◽  
Adunias dos Santos Teixeira ◽  
Eunice Maia de Andrade

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Iêdo Bezerra Sá ◽  
Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha ◽  
Tatiana Ayako Taura ◽  
Marcos Antônio Drumond

Na região Semiárida do Estado de Pernambuco existe grande diversidade na paisagem natural, onde a vegetação, os solos e o clima geram uma multiplicidade de situações que concorrem para formação de diferentes ecossistemas e habitats com grande potencial ecológico e ambiental. Nesta região, a vegetação é caracterizada por diferentes fisionomias, variando de áreas com formações arbustivas, com cobertura do solo muito escassa e quase ausente, a formações arbóreas com níveis de cobertura bastante densas. De modo análogo, nesta região ocorre uma grande variedade de solos, que por suas características, manejo e situação no relevo podem potencializar os processos erosivos, determinantes no desencadeamento da desertificação. Considerando as interrelações destas duas variáveis ambientais, este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar um diagnóstico das áreas susceptíveis à desertificação da Região de Desenvolvimento Sertão do São Francisco - RDSF, tendo como base o cruzamento das informações da cobertura vegetal natural e das classes de solos. Para tanto, foram utilizados o recorte do mapeamento da cobertura vegetal e uso do solo e o recorte do mapeamento de solos da RDSF. Foram estabelecidos critérios para susceptibilidade da cobertura vegetal, assim como para as classes de solos presentes na área. Executou-se a intersecção destas duas bases de informação para o perfil da sensibilidade à desertificação. Os resultados mostram que a RDSF tem os seguintes valores das áreas em processos de desertificação: 1,77% na classe ausente ou fraca; 74,74% na classe moderada; 0,35% na classe acentuada e 23,14% na classe severa. Deste modo, observa-se que aproximadamente 98% da RDSF encontram-se na situação de sensibilidade à desertificação em que predominam as classes de Moderada a Severa. In the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco there are plenty of biophysics where vegetation, climate, soils, and the various faces and the relationships and processes that take place among them generate the formation of different ecosystems and habitats with great potential ecological and environmental. There are a range of vegetation types, ranging from shrubby coverage areas up to very sparse and mostly absent vegetation areas, which demonstrated high desertification process occurring. Similarly, a variety of soils that is in the region along with vegetation makes this a region of great variation from the viewpoint of environmental supply. This article deals with the realization of a diagnosis of environmental sensitivity to desertification of São Francisco Development Region seeking spatialize the different situations in which the environment fulfills a greater or lesser extent, its role as provider of environmental services. For this, we used the cutting mapping of existing vegetation and soil mapping of the state and the established criteria, as well as edaphic vegetation cover, featuring the susceptibility to degradation and performed the intersection of these two bases of information to profile the sensitivity to desertification. The results show that São Francisco Development Region has the following values of areas undergoing desertification: 1.77% in weak class; 74.74% in the moderate class; 0.35% in sharp class, and 23.14% in severe class. Keywords: desertification, São Francisco, Semi-arid region, soils.   


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