scholarly journals Role of innate immunity in tolerance induction

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-578
Author(s):  
M.S. Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Transplant Rejection ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Transplant Tolerance ◽  
Innate Immunity Cells ◽  
Tolerogenic Dc

This review considers the role of innate immunity in mechanisms of transplant tolerance and rejection, analyse the role of innate immunity cells (dendritic cells-DC, NK, must and other cells) in these processes, and the pathes of creation of tolerogenic DC for transplant rejection therapy and tolerance.

The role of monocytes in thrombotic disorders

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 916-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Lip ◽  
Eduard Shantsila
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Platelet Aggregates

SummaryAlthough, the main physiological role of monocytes is attributed to innate immunity (that is, phagocytosis) and the development of tissue macrophages and dendritic cells, the pathophysiological role of these goes far behind these (simplistic) limits. Indeed, monocytes constitute a major source of blood tissue factor, a key element of the extrinsic coagulation cascade. Monocytes actively bind to platelets, thus forming very prothrombotic monocyte-platelet aggregates. Additionally, these cells link inflammation and the procoagulant state observed in various prothrombotic conditions. However, monocytes are also crucial for successful thrombus recanalisation. In this article, we review the available data on potential mechanisms that link monocytes with thrombosis-related processes.

CD209 (DC-SIGN) – role in the work of the innate immunity and pathogen penetration

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
E. A. Klimov ◽  
◽  
E. K. Novitskaya ◽  
S. N. Koval’chuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Lectin Receptor

Intercellular adhesion molecule CD209 (DC-SIGN) is a membrane C-type lectin receptor expressed on the surface of dendritic cells and macrophages. CD209 plays an important role in innate immunity. Many studies have shown the possibility of interaction of the CD209 molecule with a number of dangerous pathogens of humans and animals. This review summarizes information on the structure of the CD209 gene and its product, describes the role of the CD209 protein in the immune response, in the migration of dendritic cells from the blood to the tissue, and their interaction with neutrophils. The currently known signaling pathway of activation through the CD209 inflammatory response is presented. The role of CD209 as an endocytic antigen receptor and the participation of the protein in immune evasion of pathogens are discussed. The mechanisms known to date for the development of infections caused by pathogens of various nature in animals are described.

scholarly journals Innate Immunity toLeishmaniaInfection: Within Phagocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Freitas Lopes ◽  
Ana Caroline Costa-da-Silva ◽  
George Alexandre DosReis
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Infection Site ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophages

Infection byLeishmaniatakes place in the context of inflammation and tissue repair. Besides tissue resident macrophages, inflammatory macrophages and neutrophils are recruited to the infection site and serve both as host cells and as effectors against infection. Recent studies suggest additional important roles for monocytes and dendritic cells. This paper addresses recent experimental findings regarding the regulation ofLeishmania majorinfection by these major phagocyte populations. In addition, the role of IL-4 on dendritic cells and monocytes is discussed.

scholarly journals Apoptotic cell-based therapies against transplant rejection: role of recipient’s dendritic cells

APOPTOSIS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1083-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian E. Morelli ◽  
Adriana T. Larregina
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Transplant Rejection

scholarly journals Benefit of Belatacept in Cord Blood-Derived Regulatory T Cell-Mediated Suppression of Alloimmune Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972110465
Author(s):  
Xing He ◽  
Sang Li ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Lu Cao ◽  
Cejun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Mitochondrial Metabolism ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Transplant Tolerance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Allogeneic Response

The role of Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in tolerance induction post-transplantation is well-established, but Tregs adoptive transfer alone without combined immunosuppressants have failed so far in achieving clinical outcomes. Here we applied a set of well-designed criteria to test the influence of commonly used immunosuppressants (belatacept, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate) on cord blood-derived Tregs (CB-Tregs). Our study shows that while none of these immunosuppressants modulated the stability and expression of homing molecules by CB-Tregs, belatacept met all other selective criteria, shown by its ability to enhance CB-Tregs-mediated in vitro suppression of the allogeneic response without affecting their viability, proliferation, mitochondrial metabolism and expression of functional markers. In contrast, treatment with tacrolimus or mycophenolate led to reduced expression of functional molecule GITR in CB-Tregs, impaired their viability, proliferation and mitochondrial metabolism. These findings indicate that belatacept could be considered as a candidate in Tregs-based clinical immunomodulation regimens to induce transplant tolerance.

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