scholarly journals Study of antibiotic prescription pattern in PICU of a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2319
Author(s):  
Vivek Virbhan Bamel ◽  
Savita Ramesh Shahani
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Written Informed Consent

Background: Infectious disease is one of the importance causes of mortality and morbidity in India, therefore pattern of use of antibiotics requires separate study as they differ from adult, Therefore the aim of our study is to observe the antibiotic prescription in the tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in the children admitted in PICU. The study was started after obtaining the approval from Institutional Ethics Committee. Written informed consent was obtained from a parent or legal guardian of participants.Results: There were 50 patients were enrolled. The maximum antibiotics were prescribed from cephalosporin class (42; 40.38%) which included ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefotaxim, cefpodoxime. The majority of cephalosporins were prescribed in miscellaneous cases followed by respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal tract, Central nervous tract infections and nil in CVS cases, secondly higher number of antibiotics prescribed was metronidazole and from Aminopenicillin class which includes amoxiclav and ampicillin and another beta lactamase which includes ureidopenicilin and carbepenem. The majority of aminopenicillin were prescribed in miscellaneous group infections followed by respiratory tract infections.Conclusions: From this study, it can conclude that commonly antibiotic were from 3rd generation cephalosporins followed by metronidazole and other β lactamase inhibitor and all of the antibiotics were prescribed as per the national guidelines.

scholarly journals Study of drug utilization and antimicrobial prescription pattern of indoor paediatrics cases in tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Vivek Virbhan Bamel ◽  
Savita Ramesh Shahani ◽  
Nimain C. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Systemic Steroid ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Conditions ◽  
Antimicrobial Prescription

Background: Infectious disease represent a major cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Pattern of use of antibiotics need to be studied separately as they vary from adult, however there is limited data is available, Therefore the aim of our study is to observe the drug utilization and antimicrobial prescription pattern and drug utilization in department of pediatrics at our tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out among indoor patients admitted to paediatric ward after obtaining approval by Institutional Ethics Committee. Written informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian of participants.Results: 100 patients were enrolled. The maximum number of antibiotics were prescribed from cephalosporin class (75; 43.6%) out of which ceftriaxone (42;56%), Cefixime (20;26.6%), cefotaxim (11;14.6%), cefpodoxime (3;4%), cefazolin (1;1.33%). The majority of cephalosporins were prescribed in Gastrointestinal tract infections (60.66%) followed by respiratory (27.2%) and least in cvs (2.66%), secondly higher group of antimicrobial prescribed was from Aminopenicillin class accounting of (36; 21.9%) which includes amoxiclav (35;97.2%), ampicillin (1;2.7%) and other beta lactamase (3;1.7%) consisting meropenem (2;66.7%), piperacillin with tazobatcam (1;33.3%). The majority of aminopenicillin were prescribed in respiratory tracts infections and very less in other systems. Miscellaneous drugs used in respiratory conditions were bronchodilator, systemic steroid and nasal decongestant; in CNS disorders antiepileptic and diuretics; in cardiovascular disease NSAID, inotropic, antihypertensive, diuretics; in genitourinary tract infections alkalizing agent and steroid and in GIT disorders minerals, rehydration fluids, antispasmodic probiotic were used.Conclusions: We conclude that commonly prescribed drugs were from 3rd generation cephalosporins followed from extended spectrum penicillin with β lactmase inhibitor. Majority of the antimicrobials are used empirically.

scholarly journals A prospective study of prevalence of anti-microbial susceptibility of bacterial isolates in lower respiratory tract infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Ajaz Husaain ◽  
Qursheed Sultana ◽  
M. Abdur Rab Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity across all age groups. In recent years, antibiotic resistance is constantly increasing. Thus, there is a need to monitor the bacteriological profile of pathogenic organisms. The present study aims to identify bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Methods: A prospective, observational, single centered study was conducted at tertiary care hospital for a period of 1 year i.e. from March 2016 to March 2017. A total of 733 sputum samples were collected and analyzed in microbiology lab. The samples went subjected to microscopy testing, culture and antibiotic sensitivity using suitable bacteriological methods.Results: From 733 sputum samples, about 51.34% were males and 48.56% were females. Approximately 49.65% of total samples were growth positive. Klebsiella was found to be the predominant microorganism followed by Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and streptococcus. The gram-negative bacteria showed highest sensitivity for piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem and ciprofloxacin. The gram-positive bacteria were found to be more susceptible for vancomycin, teicoplanin and amikacin.Conclusions: LRTIs are contagious form of disease and can rapidly disseminate among community. The irrational use of antibiotics complicates the management due to the antibiotic resistance. Local trend of antibiotic susceptibility pattern should be known as it helps in increasing the appropriate use of the antibiotics, decreasing the mortality and morbidity and reduces the anti-microbial resistance.

Evaluation of Parental Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Antibiotic Use in Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslınur Albayrak ◽  
Nazmi Mutlu Karakaş ◽  
Bensu Karahalil
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract BackgroundUpper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in children. Most URTIs have been shown to be of viral origin. Inappropriate use of antibiotics is one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance. The problem of unnecessary antibiotic use among children is a concern for antibiotic resistance in low- and middle-income developing countries.MethodsOur study is a cross-sectional survey study. It was carried out between 14 December 2020 and 1 April 2021 for parents over 18 years of age with a child under 18 years’ old who applied to the general pediatrics outpatient clinics of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital Department of Pediatrics.Results554 parents responded to the questionnaire. A total of 15.7% of parents stated to use antibiotics in any child with fever. 37% of parents believed that antibiotics could cure infections caused by viruses. 6.3% of parents declared that they put pressure on pediatricians to prescribe antibiotics. 85.6% of the parents stated that they never gave their children non-prescription antibiotics when they had a high fever. 80.9% of them declared that they never used past antibiotics in the presence of a new infection. Female gender, high level of education, high income level and low number of antibiotics used in the last 1 year were found to be statistically significant with the better knowledge level of the parents (p <0.05).ConclusionAccording to the results of our study of parents' lack of knowledge about antibiotics in Turkey, though generally it shows proper attitude and behavior. It shows that some of the restrictions imposed by the National Action Plan are partially working. However, it is still necessary to continue to inform parents, pediatricians and pharmacists about the use of antibiotics, and to be more sensitive about the prescribing of antibiotics, and if necessary, sanctions should be imposed by the state in order to prevent unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions.

scholarly journals A study on prescribing trends in respiratory tract infections in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Omair sohail ahmed ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Ali ◽  
Omer wasiq ◽  
Syed Mujtaba Pasha ◽  
Mohammed Mukaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Drug Store ◽  
Stock Control ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Tract Infections

The drug utilization pattern of respiratory tract infections to assess the rational prescribing pattern at tertiary care teaching hospital, endorsing drugs by mark names may undermine a portion of the objectives of fundamental solution idea. Recommending by nonexclusive name causes the clinic drug store to have a superior stock control. This will likewise assist the drug store with purchasing drugs on contract premise, as the quantity of brands is less, in this manner decreasing the perplexity among drug specialists while apportioning. Bland medications are regularly more temperate than the marked ones. With respect to recommending of FDCs, Potential points of interest of FDC's incorporate lessened reactions, expanded patient consistence, cooperative energy and expanded adequacy and decreased cost, potential impediments incorporate unbendable settled measurements proportion, contrary pharmacokinetics, expanded harmfulness, doctor and drug specialist's obliviousness.

scholarly journals Clinical study of lower respiratory tract infections in children attending a tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1733
Author(s):  
Venkata Krishna Munagala ◽  
Ramisetty M. Uma Mahesh ◽  
Jithendra Kandati ◽  
Munilakshmi Ponugoti
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: WHO estimated burden of respiratory tract infections in 2010, estimates four and half million deaths due to respiratory tract infections among children every year. In India, 1.2 million deaths have been reported among children due to RTI among 5.9 million deaths globally. Lower respiratory tract infections are most common causes of death than upper respiratory tract infections. Pneumonia and Bronchiolitis are most common types of LRTI in children. Pneumonia accounts for most of the deaths in children < 5 years of age. The present study was undertaken with an objective to know the various types of lower respiratory tract infections in children less than 12 years of age. The study also aims to know the various bacterial agents causing respiratory tract infections with their antibiotic susceptibility.Methods: Hospital based, prospective cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year and 375 children were enrolled. Demographic, clinical history and examination was done and signs and symptoms noted. All necessary investigations were performed and followed regularly for management and outcome.Results: Incidence of LRTI in the study was 9.76% with male preponderance (65.33%) and most common among children in 1-4 years age group. Ratio of males to females was 1.9:1. 73.6% of cases were in low socio-economic group, 35.2% were found with PEM-I grade and 18.13% had no immunization coverage. Cough and breathlessness were the major symptoms and respiratory distress and clubbing were major signs in the study. Bronchopneumonia was the commonest cause (38.7%) followed by bronchiolitis and Allergic bronchitis. 18.45 of cases had anemia and Leucocytosis was also present. Pulmonary infiltration was the major finding in the X-ray of chest. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the common bacterial pathogens isolated.Conclusions: To conclude, our study clearly highlighted the various types of clinical presentations, risk factors and different types of LRTI in children <12 years of age. Understanding a clear knowledge of the etiology and bacterial pathogens clearly provides guidance for the physician in management and clinical outcome. 

Sputum Gram Stain Assessment in Relation to Sputum Culture for Respiratory Tract Infections in A Tertiary Care Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-176
Author(s):  
Dr .V.P.Amudha Dr .V.P.Amudha ◽  
◽  
Dr.B.Cinthujah Dr.B.Cinthujah ◽  
Dr. G. Sucilathangam Dr. G. Sucilathangam
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Tract Infections
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