scholarly journals Isolated oligohydramnios: effects on obstetric and perinatal outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Ashwini Vishalakshi L. ◽  
Reddi Rani P.
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
And Control

Background: Outcome of oligohydramnios has been studied at a large. Varying results have been projected in each study. This study has been done to establish the obstetric and perinatal outcome in pregnancy associated with oligohydramnios as compared to women with normal liquor.Methods: This was a prospective case controlled study done which included 100 women with oligohydramnios who were compared with 100 women with normal liquor. Maternal and perinatal outcome was compared between the two groups.Results: There was a significant difference in the obstetric and perinatal outcomes among the study and control groups. Significant variation was seen in the obstetric outcome with regards to the incidence of induction of labor and mode of delivery (by caesarean section). Both were increased among the study group as compared to the control group. CTG changes, meconium stained liquor, neonatal admissions and observations were more among the study group as compared to control group.Conclusions: Athough there is an increased rate of caesarean section, NICU admission and observation, thick meconium stained liquor and NST changes there is no significant increase in the perinatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals A study of post-dated pregnancy with special reference to maternal and perinatal outcome in nulliparous women

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4574
Author(s):  
Shreyasi Karmakar ◽  
Sabyasachi Bid ◽  
Tapan Kumar Maiti
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
And Control

Background: The study was aimed to determine the mode of delivery, maternal outcome and perinatal outcome in prolonged pregnancy.Methods: It was a prospective observational study. Uncomplicated nulliparous singleton pregnancies who have completed 37 weeks of gestation were included in the study. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were strictly followed. Total 200 cases were divided into study group and control group. Those who have crossed their Estimated date of delivery (EDD) were compared with term pregnancies (not crossed their EDD).Results: The study group and control group consist of 114 and 86 women respectively. The incidence of caesarean section (64.04%), induction of labour (50.88%) is significantly higher in the study group. It also shows that the occurrence of caesarean section (63.79%) is more in post-dated pregnant women who underwent induction of labour. The most common indication for caesarean section was fetal distress in both groups. The commonest maternal complication was prolonged labour and perinatal complication was fetal distress in both groups. The incidence of low birth weight was significantly less in post-dated pregnancy.Conclusions: Our study suggests that the incidence of induction of labour and caesarean section is significantly higher in post-dated pregnancy. Although the mean birth weight baby is more in them, a definite policy should be recommended for optimum timing of intervention to avoid maternal and perinatal complications.

scholarly journals Perinatal outcome in meconium-stained amniotic fluid at term: a single center prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Vandana Mohapatra ◽  
Sujata Misra ◽  
Tapas Ranjan Behera
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

Background: The presence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid is a sign of fetal compromise and is associated with increased perinatal morbidity. The objective of this study was to determine the perinatal outcome in pregnant women at term with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) and compare it with the outcome associated with clear liquor. Methods: A prospective observational, study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, VIMSAR, Burla from January, 2013 to June, 2013. Pregnant women with singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation at term were included in the study. Total 135 cases of MSAF (study group) were compared with 165 randomly selected controls with clear liquor. Outcome measures were fetal heart rate (FHR) abnormality, mode of delivery, Apgar score, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), birth asphyxia and neonatal death. Statistical analysis was done by using the mean and Chi-square test with or without Yates’ correction.  Results: The mean gestational age for meconium staining in the present study was 40.31±0.48 weeks. Caesarean section was the most common mode of delivery in MSAF group whereas vaginal delivery was most common in control group. Significantly higher number of babies in the study group required NICU admissions. The incidence of MAS and birth asphyxia too was statistically higher among babies born to study group as compared to control group.Conclusions: MSAF has significant adverse effect on the perinatal outcome, as it increases the caesarean section rates, NICU admissions, MAS and birth asphyxia.

scholarly journals Insall–Salvati index is associated with anterior cruciate ligament tears in men: A Case-controlled study

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949902110696
Author(s):  
Necip GÜVEN ◽  
Sezai ÖZKAN ◽  
Tulin TURKOZU ◽  
Adem YOKUS ◽  
Cihan ADANAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anterior Tibial Translation ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tibial Translation

Purpose Many factors in the etiology of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, predisposing factors related to knee morphology have also been reported. This study aimed to determine whether the Insall–Salvati (IS) index, which measures patella height, is a predisposing risk factor for ACL tears. Methods The IS index, patellar length (PL), and patellar tendon length (PTL) values of patients (study group) that underwent arthroscopic reconstruction for ACL tears obtained by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared with the index values in the preoperative MRIs of patients that underwent knee arthroscopy for reasons besides ACL tears. In addition, the anterior tibial translation (ATT) of both groups was also measured and compared on MRI images. The MRI findings of the subjects included in both study groups were arthroscopically confirmed. Results The mean ages of the study group (n = 120) and control group (n = 90) were 29.1 ± 8.2 years and 31.8 ± 9.8 years, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the study and control groups in terms of the PL and PTL values ( p = 0.016 and p = 0.001, respectively). The IS index was statistically significantly higher in the study group with ACL tears ( p = 0.009). The ATT was 8.61 ± 4.68 mm in the study group and 3.80 ± 1.92 mm in the control group. The ATT results of both groups were evaluated, and it was found that the study group was significantly higher than the control group ( p = 0.001) Conclusions As a result of our current study, we observed higher IS index values in patients with ACL tears than in patients without ACL tears. It should be kept in mind that patella alta, which is associated with a high IS index as one of the factors of knee morphology associated with ACL tears, may play a role in the etiology of ACL tears.

scholarly journals Study of effects of oligohydramnios on perinatal outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2525
Author(s):  
Aashka M. Mashkaria ◽  
Babulal S. Patel ◽  
Akshay C. Shah ◽  
Shashwat K. Jani ◽  
Vismay B. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Lower Segment Caesarean Section ◽  
And Control

Background: Oligohydramnios has got a noteworthy influence on perinatal outcome. Hence, early detection and its timely management will aid in curtailing of perinatal morbidity and mortality and leading to decreased operative interventions. Therefore, the present study is conducted to look for the effects of oligohydramnios.Methods: This comparative study was a prospective observational study conducted at study institution. The women were divided into study and control groups based on AFI (amniotic fluid index), 100 cases were selected in each group.Results: Out of the 200 women, included in the present study, 35% of the patients in the study group had non-reactive non-stress test (NST) while in the control group 7% had it. Caesarean section was performed in 58% of cases in the study group as compared to 30% in the control group. Amongst these, Fetal distress was the most common indication for LSCS (lower segment caesarean section). There were no perinatal deaths in this study.Conclusions: Based on this study it has been observed that, amniotic fluid index of ≤5 cm was commonly associated with increased LSCS rates, intrauterine growth restriction, non-reactive NST, and abnormal Doppler velocimetry studies. Therefore, every case of oligohydramnios requires to be assessed meticulously. Prompt detection; timely management and treating the underlying condition improve outcome.

scholarly journals Study of role of Magnesium sulfate in prevention of eclampsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5497
Author(s):  
Srinivas N. Gadappa ◽  
Pratibha Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy have a clinical spectrum ranging from non-severe to severe preeclampsia and then potentially to eclampsia. Magnesium sulfate is drug of choice for women with eclampsia and now adapted for prophylaxis of seizures in women with preeclampsia.Methods: It is randomized clinical trial, including 876 patients with preeclampsia fulfilling inclusion criteria. Patients with severe preeclampsia received anticonvulsant prophylaxis with magnesium sulfate. Patients with non-severe preeclampsia were randomized in two groups study group and control group. Patients in study group had received anticonvulsant prophylaxis with magnesium sulfate. The data obtained was analyzed with respect to maternal and perinatal outcome, severity of disease progression and adverse reactions of magnesium sulphate in each group.Results: In this study statistically, significant difference was seen with respect to severity of disease progression and incidence of eclampsia among study and control group.Conclusions: Administration of Magnesium sulfate in patients with non-severe preeclampsia does not affect the progress of labour or perinatal outcome, on contrary it improves maternal outcome by reducing incidence of eclampsia and progression of disease, without significant side effect of drug. 

scholarly journals Study of early perinatal outcome in lower segment caesarean section in severe foetal distress at tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Chandrakant A. Jadhav ◽  
Tirankar V. R. ◽  
Gavandi P. S.
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Foetal Distress ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nicu Admission

Background: For asphyxia, the fetus reacts with a series of responses. First there is redistribution of blood flow to vital centres to limit the deleterious effects of oxygen limitation in the brain, heart and adrenal glands. A further compensatory response is that overall fetal oxygen consumption declines to values as low as 50% of the control.Methods: This was a prospective study. Early perinatal outcome of newborns delivered through Caesarean section due to clinical foetal distress in labour was compared with a group of newborns similarly delivered via Caesarean section without a diagnosis of clinical foetal distress. Data collected and analysed using appropriate standard statistical methods i.e. Chi-square (X2) test and ‘Z’ - test.Results: Most common indication for NICU admission in study group was MAS (Meconium Aspiration Syndrome 14%) followed by MAS with perinatal asphyxia (5.33%), MAS with Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) - stage III (3.33%) paerintal asphyxia (2.66%), severe PNA with HIE - III (0.66%) and TTN (0.66%) meconium gastritis (0.66%) respectively.Conclusions: Clinical foetal distress (study group) was found to be significantly associated with low 1 min and 5 min. Apgar score. There was no significant difference in immediate NICU admission whether D-D (i.e. detection fetal detection to delivery interval) time interval <30 minutes or >30 minutes. But rate of mortality was high when D-D (i.e. detection fetal detection to delivery interval) was >30 minutes.

scholarly journals The efficiency and efficacy of tranexamic acid in prevention of blood loss during or after caesarean delivery: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1549
Author(s):  
Supriya Raina ◽  
V. Suguna ◽  
Padmaja Prabraju
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The practice of caesarean section is increasing day by day. Delivery by caesarean section can cause more complications than normal vaginal delivery and one of the most common complications is primary or secondary postpartum hemorrhage. The aim of present study was to study the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss during and after caesarean section.Methods: This study was conducted at Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad. It was a prospective randomized double blind placebo controlled study. This study includes 60 pregnant women divided in to two groups. Just before the induction of anesthesia 1 gm of tranexamic acid in 20 ml of normal saline was given over 10 minutes in test group and 20 ml of normal saline was infused in control group.Results: The demographic characters of patients in two groups were comparable. There was no statistically significant difference in the heart rates, respiratory rates and blood pressures in the two groups. There was statistically significant difference in the quantity of the blood loss from during the operation and 2 hours postpartum (p=0.003). Total mean blood loss in control group was 718.80±233.1 ml and in study group was 554.28±207.8 ml. The drop in hemoglobin after caesarean section in study group was not significant where as in control group was significant. There was no significant difference in the prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in the groups, pre and post operatively. In this study the use of tranexamic acid reduced the dose of other uterotonics like syntocin in study group.Conclusions: Tranexamic acid significantly reduced the amount of blood loss during the caesarean section and also reduced the use of other uterotonics. Thus, tranexamic acid can be used safely and effectively in subjects undergoing caesarean section.

Impression cytology and meibomian glands in conjunctivochalasis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110087
Author(s):  
Ersin Muhafiz ◽  
Erdinç Bozkurt ◽  
Remzi Erten
Keyword(s):  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Impression Cytology ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meibomian Glands ◽  
And Control ◽  
Margin Cytology

Purpose: To evaluate the tear parameters, meibomian glands and lid margin and tarsal conjunctival impression cytology in patients with conjunctivochalasis (CCH). Methods: The study included 57 patients diagnosed with CCH and 35 healthy volunteers. Tear break-up time (TBUT) was measured and Schirmer test was performed. Meibomian gland morphologies, dropout rates, and meiboscores were evaluated using meibography. Finally, impression cytology samples were taken by pressing the impression filters on the lower lid margin and lower tarsal conjunctiva. The samples were evaluated according to the Nelson grading system. Results: Schirmer test was longer and TBUT was shorter in the study group ( p = 0.035 and p < 0.001, respectively). The median of meibomian gland dropout rate was 33.45% (Interquartile range [IQR]; 23.17%–49.75%) and 18.80% (IQR; 12.35%–26.50%) in the study and control groups, respectively ( p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in terms of lid-margin cytology between the two groups ( p = 0.481). In tarsal conjunctiva cytology, the median value of Nelson grade of the study group was 2 (IQR; 1–2) and that of the control group was 1 (IQR; 1–2) ( p = 0.040). When Nelson grade-2 and above was accepted as the pathological limit, it was found that 27.5% of the study group and 15.2% of the control group showed pathological findings ( p = 0.204). Conclusions: In patients with CCH, damage occurs in the tarsal conjunctiva with the effects of redundant conjunctival folds. In these patients, atrophy occurs in the meibomian glands and tear stability is impaired. Therefore, CCH should not be overlooked in clinical practice.

Effect of Aerosol Inhalation of Budesonide Suspension on Clinical Efficacy, Remission Time of Asthma and Disappearance Time of Rales in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3057-3062
Author(s):  
TingTing Zheng ◽  
XiNi Liu ◽  
Xuechun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Aerosol Inhalation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disappearance Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

To investigate the effect of aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension on clinical efficacy, remission time of asthma and disappearance time of rales in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods: 100 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in our hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were randomly divided into study group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). The control group was given azithromycin intravenous drip followed by oral treatment, and the study group was given aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension on the basis of the control group. Results: Compared with the control group, disappearance time of rales in the study group, remission time of cough, remission time of asthma and time of hospitalization in the study group were relatively short (P<0.05), and the efficacy in the study group was relatively high (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and hoarseness between the two groups (P>0.05). The improvement of FVCS FEV1 and PEF and other indexes was relatively high in the study group by comparing with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia can effectively enhance the therapeutic effect, promote the improvement of lung function, and reduce the disappearance time of rales and remission time of asthma, so it can be popularized.

scholarly journals Abdominal complex muscle in women with stress urinary incontinence – prospective case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartlomiej Burzynski ◽  
Tomasz Jurys ◽  
Michalina Knapik ◽  
Kamil Burzynski ◽  
Paweł Rzymski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Stress Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

IntroductionThis study is designed to assess the percentage share of musculus obliquus externus abdominis, musculus obliquus internus abdominis and musculus transversus abdominis activity among women with stress urinary incontinence using ultrasonography.Material and methodsMaterial and methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of prospective collected data of 84 women aged 23-62 years old. In the study group are women suffering from grade 1 or 2 stress urinary incontinence according to the Stamey classification, the control group consists of women with no micturition disorders. The abdominal muscles activity was measured by using the ultrasound imaging with assessment of muscle thickness.ResultsThe analysis of musculus obliquus externus abdominis in anterolateral abdominal wall activity shows a statistically significant difference between study and control group concerning isometric tension of abdominal muscles (p=0,012) and lower part of abdomen tension (p=0,004). Women with stress urinary incontinence present a higher activity of the musculus obliquus externus abdominis than controls. In the case of the musculus obliquus internus abdominis, statistically significant differences were shown during tension of the lower part of the abdomen (p=0,024). Comparison of activity of the musculus transversus abdominis between study and control groups shows a statistically significant difference during isometric tension of abdominal muscles (p=0,018).ConclusionsThe pattern of activity of the assessed muscles differs between the study group and the control group. In the study group, the activity pattern is concerning the higher activity of the musculus obliquus externus abdominis and the lower activity of the musculus obliquus internus abdominis and musculus transversus abdominis.

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