A comparative study of metabolic profile in pre-eclampsia and normotensive preterm pregnancy

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are important and common cause of severe acute morbidity, long-term disability and death among mothers and babies. The metabolic characteristics (hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperuricemia, low HDL2 cholesterol) in pregnancy-induced hypertension resemble the main features of the “insulin resistance syndrome”. This may result in endothelial cell dysfunction as evidenced by PGI2 suppression. We have designed this study with an objective to compare the metabolic parameters like fasting and post prandial blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin, HOMA-IR and lipid profile between pre-eclampsia and normotensive pregnant women at late preterm (32-36 weeks).Methods: Based on enrolment criteria and statistical analysis 224 patients were enrolled in study during study period and divided in to two groups, group 1- normotensive subjects, group2- pre-eclampsia subjects. Various biochemical parameters and obstetric profile was measured and compared with standard normotensive subjects.Results: The mean fasting plasma insulin was significant higher in group 2 than group 1 (18.36±6.48 mIU/dl versus 3.42±1.68 mIU/dl) (p=0.0001). The mean value of HOMA-IR was significant higher in group 2 than group 1 (3.82±1.68 versus 1.98±1.68) (p=0.0001). The mean value of HDL was significant higher in group 1 than group 2 (42.56±3.28 mg/dl versus 34.26±3.63 mg/dl) (p=0.0001). The mean concentration of LDL was significant higher in group 2 than group 1 (142.23±24.36 mg/dl vrsus 84.32±18.24 mg/dl) (p=0.0001).Conclusions: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in preeclampsia patients and plasma fasting glucose was higher in normotensive subjects. In present study fasting plasma insulin and HOMA-IR are significantly higher in cases then control. Dyslipidemia is significantly evident in preeclampsia patients in our study.

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Comparison of combined intra-articular and sub-acromial injection with intra-articular injection in adhesive capsulitis

Journal of Kathmandu Medical College ◽

10.3126/jkmc.v10i1.38969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 33-38

Author(s):

Rajeev Raj Manandhar ◽

Krishna Raj Khanal ◽

Himal Khanal ◽

Saroj Gautam

Keyword(s):

Corticosteroid Injection ◽

Adhesive Capsulitis ◽

Shoulder Function ◽

Mean Value ◽

Constant Murley Score ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Clinical Benefits ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background: The pain and limitation of shoulder function can disrupt daily activities of patients for months to years. Adhesive capsulitis is considered a self-limiting disease but the duration remains uncertain. The brunt of the disease is focussed on the inflamed joint capsule. On this basis, use of corticosteroid injection is justified. However, injection method is not conclusive. Objectives: To compare clinical benefits of intra-articular injection alone versus combined intra-articular and subacromial injections in management of adhesive capsulitis. Methods: Fifty-nine patients with diagnostic criteria for adhesive capsulitis were included in the study from March 2019 to September 2020. Patients were divided into two groups; patients who underwent intra-articular (IA) injection alone (Group 1) and those who received both intra-articular and sub-acromial (IA+SA) injection (Group 2). The injections were landmark guided. Patients were followed up at three, six, and 12 weeks. Pain was recorded using visual analogue scale (VAS) and subjective function using Constant-Murley score. Results: Twenty-eight patients were included in Group 1 (IA) and 31 in Group 2 (IA+SA). Thirty-six patients were female (18 each in Group 1 and Group 2) and 23 patients were male (Group 1 = 13; Group 2 = 10). In the twelfth week, VAS score was reduced in both the groups. On comparing the mean value of Constant-Murley score between the two groups there is significant difference in value recorded at the sixth and twelfth week. Conclusion: The IA+SA injection provides significant reduction in pain and better function in the short term over the IA injection.

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Relationship between fasting plasma insulin and ambulatory blood pressure in young, non-obese normotensive subjects

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/00004872-199106000-00005 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 505-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Krzysztof Narkiewicz ◽

Andrzej Rynkiewicz ◽

Jaroslaw Furma??ski ◽

Jacek Gan ◽

Andrzej Kubasik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Plasma Insulin ◽

Fasting Plasma ◽

Fasting Plasma Insulin ◽

Normotensive Subjects

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Single-nephron adaptations to partial renal ablation in the dog

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.1990.258.3.f495 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 258 (3) ◽

pp. F495-F503 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S. A. Brown ◽

D. R. Finco ◽

W. A. Crowell ◽

D. C. Choat ◽

L. G. Navar

Keyword(s):

Mean Value ◽

Hydraulic Pressure ◽

Renal Ablation ◽

Single Nephron ◽

Group 3 ◽

Flow Pressure ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Stop Flow ◽

Group 1

Micropuncture and histological studies were performed in dogs to characterize single-nephron adaptations to partial renal ablation. Dogs underwent sham surgery (group 1, n = 6), three-fourths nephrectomy (group 2, n = 10), or seven-eighths nephrectomy (group 3, n = 6). Single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) was 71.0 +/- 4.2 nl/min in group 1, 132.5 +/- 9.6 nl/min in group 2, and 161.8 +/- 12.4 nl/min in group 3 (P less than 0.05). There were parallel increases in single-nephron glomerular plasma flow rate (GPF), with a mean value of 235.3 +/- 20.1 nl/min in group 1, 442.4 +/- 34.4 nl/min in group 2, and 569.6 +/- 73.7 nl/min in group 3 (P less than 0.05, group 1 vs. groups 2 and 3). Glomerular capillary pressure, estimated from the sum of proximal tubule stop-flow pressure and arterial oncotic pressure, was 63.2 +/- 1.9 mmHg in group 1, 73.5 +/- 2.0 mmHg in group 2, and 77.9 +/- 2.2 mmHg in group 3 (P less than 0.05, group 1 vs. groups 2 and 3). The mean glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure gradient (delta P) in group 2 was not different from group 1 (46.8 +/- 1.3 vs. 43.9 +/- 1.8 mmHg, NS); however, it was significantly increased in group 3 (50.0 +/- 1.4 mmHg; P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Blended Learning Versus Traditional Learning in Cephalometrics for Undergraduates

The Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society ◽

10.1177/0301574219883873 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

Aniruddh V. Yashwant ◽

Balamani Arayambath ◽

Vikneshan Murugaboopathy ◽

Pradeep Babu Kommi ◽

Karthikshree V. Prashad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blended Learning ◽

Student Performance ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Mean Value ◽

Traditional Learning ◽

Feedback Analysis ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of blended learning versus traditional learning in a cephalometric learning module for undergraduates. Materials and methods: This study was designed as a pre- and posttest trial. 150 undergraduates were randomly allocated to two groups: group 1 for traditional learning, and group 2, for blended learning. Pretest and posttest scores of both groups of 25 MCQs on cephalometrics were obtained. Feedback was obtained from the participants in this study and analyzed. Results: In group 1, the mean pretest and posttest scores were 13.87 and 16.10, respectively. In group 2, the mean value for the pretest and posttest scores were 14.01 and 22.18, respectively. The mean improvement in knowledge score was significantly higher in group 1 (2.233) compared to the mean score of group 2 (8.171). The level of statistical significance was P < .001. Feedback analysis showed the participants found the experience with Dolphin software better than traditional learning (Dolphin Cephalometric Imaging and Management software [version 11.8.24 Chatsworth,CA,USA]). For over 50% participants, their overall opinion on the cephalometric module was very good (score = 5). Conclusion: Blended learning increases the effectiveness of cephalometric learning by means of better student performance. Commercially available Cephalometric software can be used for e-learning instead of a specifically designed learning software.

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Incresed inflammatory response in patients with the first myocardial infarction and nonsignificant stenosis of infarct-related artery

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp110302010r ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 69 (9) ◽

pp. 787-793

Author(s):

Nenad Ratkovic ◽

Dragan Dincic ◽

Branko Gligic ◽

Snjezana Vukotic ◽

Aleksandra Jovelic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Mean Value ◽

Significant Stenosis ◽

Infarct Related Artery ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Group 1

Introduction/Aim. Atherosclerosis presents a serial of highly specific cellular and molecular responses, and could be described as inflammatory diseases. Accordingly, for development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), structure and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque are more important than the extent of stenosis of infarct-related artery. Consequently, inflammation and atherosclerosis and its complications are in good correlation. C-reactive protein (CRP) as nonspecific inflammatory marker, has prognostic significance in coronary artery diseases. The aim of this study was to establish the correlation between inflammatory response expressed as levels of CRP and fibrinogen in serum and extent of coronary artery stenosis. Methods. Study included 35 patients with acute myocardial infarction, as the first manifestation of coronary artery disease, which were treated with thrombolytic therapy according to the guidelines. All the patient had a reperfusion. The patients with acute or chronic inflammatory diseases, an increased value of sedimentation, fibrinogen, CK ?190 U/L, early and late complications of AMI were excluded. CRP was measured on admission, after 24, 48 and 72 hrs, and 21 days latter, while fibriogen only on admission. Results. All the patients underwent coronary angiography, and were divided into two groups: the group 1 (23 patients), with significant stenosis of infarct-related artery (stenosis ? 75%), and the group 2 (13 patients) without significant stenosis (< 75%). Mean value of CRP serum level on admission in the group 1 was 4.4 mg/L, and in the group 2 7.2 mg/L (p < 0.001). The mean value of fibrinogen on admission in the group 1 was 2.7 g/L, and in the group 2 3.0 g/L (p < 0.001). The mean CRP value after 48 hrs in the group 1 was 21.7 mg/L, and in the group 2 42.4 mg/L. (p < 0.001). After three weeks, the mean CRP value was 4 mg/L in the group 1 and 5.5 mg/L in the group 2 (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups 1 and 2 related to gender, age, localization of AMI, CK, EF value, and risk factors for coronary artery disease. Conclusion. The patients with nonsignificant stenosis of infarct-related artery had increased inflammtory responses according to the CRP value, as a result of inflammatory process in atherosclerotic plaque and/or enhanced individual reactivity.

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Mandibular morphology of the Mongoloid race in Medan according to age groups

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) ◽

10.20473/j.djmkg.v51.i2.p81-85 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Maria Sitanggang ◽

Trelia Boel

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Mean Value ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group 3 ◽

The Mean ◽

Mandibular Morphology ◽

Group 5 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Ramus Height ◽

Group 1

Background: The mandible constitutes part of the craniofacial bone that plays an important role in determining an individual’s facial profile. The mandible grows and develops throughout life from the prenatal phase up to old age when it becomes and edentulous. Changes in the mandible can be measured using radiographs. These establish several parameters of mandibular morphology, including: ramus height, condylion height, body length, condylion angle, symphysis height, symphysis width and symphysis angle. Purpose: This study aimed to determine differences in the mandibular morphology of members of the mongoloid racial group in Medan according to age as measured by cephalometric radiography. Methods: This investigation constituted analytical research using cross-sectional study with a total sample of 150 individuals divided according to age: group 1 (aged 4-12 years), group 2 (aged 13-24 years, group 3 (aged 25-34 years), group 4 (aged 35-60 years) and group of 5 (aged > 60 years). The parameters were computerized by means of a digital cephalometric radiograph, the resulting data being analized with Oneway ANOVA and LSD. Results: The mean value of the highest to the lowest ramus height, and symphysis height from the five age groups, sequentially, were in group 3, group 4, group 5, group 2, and group 1. The mean value from the highest to the lowest of body length, condylion height, condylion angle, and symphysis width, sequentially, were in group 3, group 4, group 2, group 5, and group 1. The mean value from the highest to the lowest of symphysis angle, sequentially, were in group 1, group 3, group 4, group 2, and group 5. Conclusion: The mandibular morphology of each age group differs in Mongoloid races in Medan based on lateral cephalometric radiography in which changes are may be affected by the state of teeth and age.

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Muscarinic-3 acetylcholine receptor autoantibody in patients with systemic sclerosis: contribution to severe gastrointestinal tract dysmotility

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/ard.2008.096545 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 68 (5) ◽

pp. 710-714 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Y Kawaguchi ◽

Y Nakamura ◽

I Matsumoto ◽

E Nishimagi ◽

T Satoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Sclerosis ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Acetylcholine Receptor ◽

Early Stage ◽

Mean Value ◽

Exact Test ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Onset Group ◽

Group 1

Objective:Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) complicated by severe gastrointestinal tract (GIT) dysmotility at an early stage are difficult to treat and mortality is high. To clarify the pathogenesis of GIT involvement, the occurrence of autoantibody was investigated for muscarinic-3 acetylcholine receptor (M3R) in patients with SSc.Methods:Fourteen patients with severe GIT involvement (malabsorption syndrome and/or pseudo-obstruction) within 2 years of SSc onset (group 1) were enrolled in the present study. Sixty-two patients with SSc without severe GIT involvement within 2 years of onset (group 2) were also recruited, along with 70 healthy control subjects. Using an established enzyme immunoassay (EIA) system detecting autoantibody against the second loop domain of M3R, the presence of an anti-M3R antibody was examined in SSc patients.Results:The mean optical density (OD) titres of group 1 were significantly higher than those of group 2 (0.65 (SD 0.58) vs 0.066 (SD 0.13), p<0.001). The positivity of anti-M3R antibody was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (9/14 vs 3/62, p = 2.5 × 10−6 by Fisher’s exact test). The cutoff OD was calculated from the EIA reaction of the 70 healthy controls (the mean value plus 2 SD was 0.295).Conclusion:The findings indicated that anti-M3R antibody very frequently appears in patients with SSc, which is accompanied by severe GIT involvement, suggesting that M3R-mediated enteric cholinergic neurotransmission may provide a pathogenic mechanism for GIT dysmotility in SSc.

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Relationship between urinary zearalenone concentration and embryo production in superovulated cattle

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.7482/0003-9438-56-036 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 360-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Takagi ◽

T. Hirai ◽

S. Shiga ◽

S. Uno ◽

E. Kokushi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Mean Value ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Holstein Cows ◽

Embryo Production ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Urine Levels ◽

Group 1

Abstract. This field study aimed to investigate the relationships between the urinary zearalenone (ZEN) concentration, which reflects dietary ZEN intake, and the numbers of total and transferable embryos in superovulated cattle. A total of 38 cows (Japanese Black, n=16; Holstein, n=22) were superovulated for commercial embryo production. Urine samples were collected from all cows at the time of embryo flushing and the urinary ZEN concentration was measured. The ZEN concentration was corrected for the creatinine (Crea) concentration as follows: ZEN (pg/mL)/Crea (mg/dL); the corrected ZEN concentration was expressed in pg/mg Crea. The cows were divided into two groups according to whether the urinary ZEN level was less than (group 1) or more than (group 2) the mean value for each breed (Japanese Black: 97.4 pg/mg Crea; range 44.5–91.3 pg/mg Crea; Holstein: 155.5 pg/mg Crea; range 32.7–146.9 pg/mg Crea). The embryo flushing results were compared between the two groups within each breed. Overall, the total number of embryos collected and the number of transferable embryos did not differ significantly between the groups. These results suggest that natural ZEN contamination resulting in urine levels below the threshold value (i.e. below the maximal permissible urinary ZEN concentration) does not affect embryo production in Japanese Black and Holstein cows undergoing superovulation.

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Creation of physiologic rhythm by closed loop stimulation in heart failure patients with severe chronotropic incompetence: worldwide first results of a pilot study

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0803 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

J Proff ◽

B Merkely ◽

R Papp ◽

C Lenz ◽

P.J Nordbeck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Closed Loop ◽

Funding Source ◽

Chronotropic Incompetence ◽

First Results ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Background The prevalence of chronotropic incompetence (CI) in heart failure (HF) population is high and negatively impacts prognosis. In HF patients with an implanted cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) device and severe CI, the effect of rate adaptive pacing on patient outcomes is unclear. Closed loop stimulation (CLS) based on cardiac impedance measurement may be an optimal method of heart rate adaptation according to metabolic need in HF patients with severe CI. Purpose This is the first study evaluating the effect of CLS on the established prognostic parameters assessed by the cardio-pulmonary exercise (CPX) testing and on quality of life (QoL) of the patients. Methods A randomised, controlled, double-blind and crossover pilot study has been performed in CRT patients with severe CI defined as the inability to achieve 70% of the age-predicted maximum heart rate (APMHR). After baseline assessment, patients were randomised to either DDD-CLS pacing (group 1) or DDD pacing at 40 bpm (group 2) for a 1-month period, followed by crossover for another month. At baseline and at 1- and 2-month follow-ups, a CPX was performed and QoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. The main endpoints were the effect of CLS on ventilatory efficiency (VE) slope (evaluated by an independent CPX expert), the responder rate defined as an improvement (decrease) of the VE slope by at least 5%, percentage of maximal predicted heart rate reserve (HRR) achieved, and QoL. Results Of the 36 patients enrolled in the study, 20 fulfilled the criterion for severe CI and entered the study follow-up (mean age 68.9±7.4 years, 70% men, LVEF=41.8±9.3%, 40%/60% NYHA class II/III). Full baseline and follow-up datasets were obtained in 17 patients. The mean VE slope and HRR at baseline were 34.4±4.4 and 49.6±23.8%, respectively, in group 1 (n=7) and 34.5±12.2 and 54.2±16.1% in group 2 (n=10). After completing the 2-month CPX, the mean difference between DDD-CLS and DDD-40 modes was −2.4±8.3 (group 1) and −1.2±3.5 (group 2) for VE slope, and 17.1±15.5% (group 1) and 8.7±18.8% (group 2) for HRR. Altogether, VE slope improved by −1.8±2.95 (p=0.31) in DDD-CLS versus DDD-40, and HRR improved by 12.9±8.8% (p=0.01). The VE slope decreased by ≥5% in 47% of patients (“responders to CLS”). The mean difference in the QoL between DDD-CLS and DDD-40 was 0.16±0.25 in group 1 and −0.01±0.05 in group 2, resulting in an overall increase by 0.08±0.08 in the DDD-CLS mode (p=0.13). Conclusion First results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of CLS in CRT patients with severe CI revealed that CLS generated an overall positive effect on well-established surrogate parameters for prognosis. About one half of the patients showed CLS response in terms of improved VE slope. In addition, CLS improved quality of life. Further clinical research is needed to identify predictors that can increase the responder rate and to confirm improvement in clinical outcomes. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Biotronik SE & Co. KG

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Comparison of the ATRIA, CHA2DS2-VASc, and Modified Scores ATRIA-HSV, CHA2DS2-VASc-HS, for the Prediction of Coronary Artery Disease Severity

Angiology ◽

10.1177/0003319721991410 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000331972199141

Author(s):

Arafat Yildirim ◽

Mehmet Kucukosmanoglu ◽

Fethi Yavuz ◽

Nermin Yildiz Koyunsever ◽

Yusuf Cekici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Coronary Artery Disease Severity ◽

Group 3 ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Group 1

Many parameters included in the Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) and CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, sex category) scores also predict coronary artery disease (CAD). We modified the ATRIA score (ATRIA-HSV) by adding hyperlipidemia, smoking, and vascular disease and also male sex instead of female. We evaluated whether the CHA2DS2-VASc, CHA2DS2-VASc-HS, ATRIA, and ATRIA-HSV scores predict severe CAD. Consecutive patients with coronary angiography were prospectively included. A ≥50% stenosis in ≥1epicardial coronary artery (CA) was defined as severe CAD. Patient with normal CA (n = 210) were defined as group 1, with <50% CA stenosis (n = 178) as group 2, and with ≥50% stenosis (n = 297) as group 3. The mean ATRIA, ATRIA-HSV, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHA2DS2VASc-HS scores increased from group 1 to group 3. A correlation was found between the Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score and ATRIA ( r = 0.570), ATRIA-HSV ( r = 0.614), CHA2DS2-VASc ( r = 0.428), and CHA2DS2-VASc-HS ( r = 0.500) scores ( Ps < .005). Pairwise comparisons of receiver operating characteristics curves showed that ATRIA-HSV (>3 area under curve [AUC]: 0.874) and ATRIA (>3, AUC: 0.854) have a better performance than CHA2DS2-VASc (>1, AUC: 0.746) and CHA2DS2-VASc-HS (>2, AUC: 0.769). In conclusion, the ATRIA and ATRIA-HSV scores are simple and may be useful to predict severe CAD.

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