scholarly journals The frequency of infection in early versus late surgery of compound depressed skull fractures in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irshad ◽  
Ch Ali Manzoor ◽  
Muhammad Aamir
Keyword(s):  
Wound Infection ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Early Surgery ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Skull Fractures ◽  
Depressed Skull Fracture ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: The treatment of penetrating head injuries and depressed skull fracture has shown a gradual change over the past decades. A proper debridement and closure of scalp wounds and dural tears have been shown to decrease infection and mortality rate of compound skull fractures. This study has been designed to determine the frequency of infection in early versus late surgery of compound depressed skull fractures in adults.Methods: A total of 226 (113 in each group) patients with compound depressed skull fracture were taken. Group A was managed by early surgery while group B underwent late surgery. Data were entered and analyzed using computer program SPSS version 18.Results: Out of these 226 study cases, 143(63.3%) were male, while 83 (36.7%) were females. The mean age of study cases was 37.50±10.58. The mean duration of presentation at the hospital was 6.76±2.41 hours. Roadside accident was noted to be a major etiological factor, i.e. 132 (58.4%) presented with the history of roadside accident. Base of the skull was a major site of wound, i.e. 79 (35.0%). The mean size of the wound was 13.79±3.49cm. Wound infection was seen in 51 (22.56%) of present study cases. Wound infection in group A was seen in 11 (9.7%) out of 113 patients while in group B it was 40 (35.4%) out of 113 patients (p=0.000).Conclusions: The findings of the current study have indicated that early surgery among the targeted population is associated with significantly less frequent wound infection.

scholarly journals A comparative study between onlay and sublay meshplasty in ventral hernias: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1264
Author(s):  
Tharun Ganapathy Chitrambalam ◽  
Preetham Anguraj ◽  
Jeyakumar Sundaraj ◽  
Manimaran Pethuraj
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Ventral Hernia ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ventral Hernias

Background: Ventral hernias are one of the most common surgical problems of the modern age. About 15-18% of all the surgical procedures performed around the world comprises of hernia repair. This study aims to compare the two common options of mesh placement in open ventral hernia repairs; over the anterior rectus sheath, the ‘Onlay meshplasty’ and in the retrorectus plane, the ‘Sublay meshplasty’.Methods: A prospective controlled study was done between March 2017 to August 2018 on 150 patients with ventral hernia randomizing patients into 2 groups. Group A (Onlay meshplasty) and Group B (Sublay meshplasty). Duration of surgery, post-operative pain, wound infection, duration of hospital stay and recurrences were analysed with 12 months follow up.Results: The mean duration of surgery in group A was 48.49±0.71 minutes and in group B was 72.84±0.72 minutes. Group B experienced significantly lesser pain when compared with group A. The mean asepsis score in group A was 3.60±1.09 and in group B was 0.47±0.30 with a p value of 0.006. Group A had significantly longer hospital stay (9.39 days) than group B (5.71 days). The recurrences in both the groups were statistically insignificant (Group A- 2 patients; Group B- 1 patient).Conclusions: Sublay meshplasty although requires longer time to perform, proves to be a better alternate in terms of post-operative pain, wound infection and hospital stay.

Hyperemia prior to acute brain swelling during rewarming of patients who have been treated with moderate hypothermia for severe head injuries

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Iida ◽  
Kaoru Kurisu ◽  
Kazunori Arita ◽  
Minako Ohtani
Keyword(s):  
Head Injuries ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Brain Swelling ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Mean Flow Velocity ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The goal of this study was to elucidate the optimal time for rewarming of patients who have been treated with hypothermia for severe head injury. Methods. Eleven patients with severe head injuries who had been treated by hypothermia underwent transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography examinations. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A consisted of three patients in whom acute brain swelling occurred during the rewarming period and Group B was composed of eight patients who displayed no significant intracranial hypertension during or after hypothermia therapy. In all patients, the mean flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (FVMCA) recorded transcranially and the mean flow velocity of the internal carotid artery (FVICA), recorded high in the neck, were monitored at 24-hour intervals after the patient was admitted to the hospital. In Group A, the FVMCA was normal at 48 hours (maintenance state of hypothermia) in each patient, and abnormal increases and peak values (> 100 cm/second) occurred from 96 to 144 hours postinjury (rewarming period). The FVICA, which was monitored concurrently also varied as the FVMCA increased. The pulsatility indices in the arteries decreased at the time of the peak FVMCA. The enhanced FVMCA was consistent with hyperemia because of the low FVMCA/FVICA ratios (< 3). Two patients in whom jugular venous oxygen saturation was monitored were found to have high values (> 80%), representing hyperemia. All intracranial pressures (ICPs) that lay within the normal range at 48 hours postinjury elevated acutely after the peak FVMCA. In Group B, both FVMCA and FVICA values were normal at 48 hours postinjury and remained stable throughout the rewarming period. Values of ICP were also maintained within the normal range until the patients were weaned from hypothermia therapy. Conclusions. Hyperemia, detectable by TCD ultrasonography, may serve as an index in the prediction of acute brain swelling, and rewarming should be terminated when such a hemodynamic phenomenon is observed.

scholarly journals CHOLECYSTECTOMY;

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 437-439
Author(s):  
ABDUL GHAFOOR ◽  
IRFAN SHUKR ◽  
ABDUL NASIR ◽  
Chaudhry Alta
Keyword(s):  
Wound Infection ◽  
Open Cholecystectomy ◽  
Drain Tube ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Zero Group

Objective: To compare the outcome of cholecystectomy with and without drainage. Design: Descriptive; analytical. Placeand duration of Study: The study was carried out from Jun 2005 to Nov 2006 at Unit III, Department of Surgery, Liaqat University of Medical& Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Material & Methods: All the patients diagnosed as cholelithiasis were treated with open cholecystectomy. Thepatients were randomly divided in group A and B. Number 18 Nasogastric tube was inserted in subheptic space after cholecystectomy in GroupA, and no drain tube was placed in group B patients. Postoperatively patients in both groups were given same antibiotics. Postoperativecomplications and hospital stay were monitored in both groups. Exclusion criteria were cardiopulmonary disease, cirrhosis liver and diabetiesmellitus. Patients with acute cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis were also excluded from study. Z-test is used to test the difference betweenproportions of two groups are statistically insignificant. Results: During the study period a total of 100 patients were operated for cholelithiasis,with 50 patients in each group. The mean age for group A and B were 46 and 45 years respectively. The female to male ratio in the group Aand B were 45:5 and 43:7 respectively. Mortality rate in both groups was zero. Group A had two cases of infected collection in subhepatic spaceand five cases of wound infection. In group B one patient with bile collection, one infected collection and two cases had wound infection. Meanhospital stay was 3.7 in group A as compared to 2.26 in group B. Both groups are statistically insignificant with respect to complications.Conclusion: Routine drainage after cholecystectomy is unnecessary.

scholarly journals Comparison of suture technique (interrupted vs. continuous) with respect to wound dehiscence

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
Gopal Sharma ◽  
Nivedita Prashar ◽  
Nikita Gandotra
Keyword(s):  
Wound Infection ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Suture Technique ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Continuous Suture ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Objectives: Post-operative complete wound dehiscence, being an unfortunate and also a very serious complication, is associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate despite the most sophisticated intensive care these patients receive today. The quest for the best closure technique for abdominal incisions continues. To achieve this goal, several modifications in opening the abdomen and closing the wound have been tried. There are many studies in the literature comparing various methods of wound closure, with conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to assess the proportion of wound infection and wound dehiscence in the post-midline laparotomy patients, using interrupted X suture versus continuous suture technique in sheath closure. Material and Methods: A total of 80 patients undergoing vertical midline emergency laparotomy at one of the gynecology units were recruited randomly after taking written informed consent and were equally divided into 40 cases each group (interrupted X suture) and (continuous suture) they were randomized into two groups depending on whether the patient registration number was odd or even. Results: The age of the patients varied from 16 years to 82 years. In Group A, the mean age was 36.75 ± 13.78 years, and in Group B, the mean age of the patients was 38.37 ± 12.56 years. In Group A, 8 (20%) patients had comorbidity, whereas, in Group B, 10 (25%) patients had comorbidity. In Group A, 12 patients had wound infection, while in Group B, ten patients had wound infection (P = 0.001 [statistically significant]). In Group A, two patients had wound dehiscence, while none of the patients in Group B had wound dehiscence (P = 0.001 [statistically significant]). There was no incisional hernia in both the groups. Conclusion: Emergency laparotomy is associated with a higher rate of burst abdomen as compared to elective laparotomy, but using interrupted X suture technique in sheath closure, wound dehiscence can be prevented up to some extent.

scholarly journals TO COMPARE THE DURATION OF SURGERY IN SINGLE DOSE INTRAVENOUS ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS OVER NO ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS IN THE PREVENTION OF WOUND INFECTION FOLLOWING LICHTENSTEIN TENSION FREE INGUINAL HERNIOPLASTY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prteet Negi ◽  
Priyanka Thakur ◽  
Ramesh Bharti ◽  
Amar Verma ◽  
Rajesh Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Inguinal Hernioplasty ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotic ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Antibiotic Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: We conducted a study to compare the duration of surgery in single dose intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis over no antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of wound infection following Lichtenstein tension free inguinal hernioplasty Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College Kangra at Tanda from May 2018 to December 2019after being approved by institutional protocol review committe and ethics committee.50 patients were included in the study.These patients were randomised into two groups i.e. Group A (Antibiotic Group) and Group B (Non-antibiotic Group). Results: The mean duration of surgery in Antibiotic group (Group-A) was 56.6±15.66 minutes whereas it was 50.2±9.62 minutes in Non-antibiotic group (Group-B). The mean duration of surgery was more in Antibiotic group (Group-A) as compared to Non-antibiotic group (Group-B), however the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.088).    Conclusion: In our study, we concluded that statistically insignificant difference was found in the duration of surgery in Antibiotic and Non-antibiotic Group Keywords: Duration of surgery, Antibiotic, Pre-operative

A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN ONLAY AND RETRORECTUS MESH REPAIR IN THE TREATMENT OF INCISIONAL HERNIAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
S. Yashwanth ◽  
S. Dayakar
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Incisional Hernia ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Mesh Repair ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Group A ◽  
Onlay Mesh ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

INTRODUCTION: Over the years, surgeons tried the placement of mesh at different locations like On-lay, Under-lay, Sub-lay and pre-peritoneal, retroperitoneal intraperitoneal, Inter-muscular, etc. with each procedure having its advantages and disadvantages. Commonly Onlay and sub lay mesh repairs are done. Though the literature says, sub lay procedures have fewer complications and a high success rate. However, in a few studies, the ideal position for mesh repair appears to be retro muscular, where the force of abdominal pressure holds the mesh against deep surfaces of muscles. In this study, a comparison of both Onlay and retro rectus procedures with regards to the duration of surgery, postoperative complications like seroma, wound infection, wound dehiscence, and also the period of postoperative stay in the hospital. The aim of the study is To compare 'Onlay' versus 'retro rectus' mesh repair in inuencing the outcome in incisional hernia with regards to Duration of surgery, Postoperative complications like seroma formation, wound infection, Postoperative stay, Recurrences. PATIENTS AND METHODOLOGY: Type of Study: A Prospective comparative study Study Setting: Department of general surgery, Narayana Medical College & Hospital, Nellore.Study Period: November 2018 to September 2020 Study Sample: 50 cases, divided into two groups by random allocation technique. Groups A and B with 25 patients in each group. RESULTS: The mean age of cases in Group A is 40.48 years. The mean age of patients in Group B is 44.08 years. Youngest was 31 years and 36 years in group A and group B, respectively, and the eldest was 51 years and 53 years in group A and group B, respectively. In Group A, 11 were male, and 14 were female, and in Group B, 11 were male, and 14 were female. The male to female ratio in the study was 1:1.27. The mean Operative Time in Group A was 1.93 Hrs, and that in Group B was 2.98Hrs. Nine patients (36%) in group A and one patient (4%) in group B had seroma formation. Eight patients (32%) in group A and one patient (4%) in group B had a wound infection. The mean Hospital Stay in Group A was 5.44 Days, and Group B was 4.88 days. No short-term recurrences were noted in either of the two groups when followed for six months. CONCLUSION : Retrorectus mesh repair is an excellent alternative to Onlay mesh repair that may apply to incisional hernia. The mesh-related overall complication rate like seroma wound infections and hospital stay is less than Onlay mesh repair.

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

Evaluating of oral and salivary conditions of two specific groups of workers

RSBO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Eduardo Pizzatto ◽  
Nicolae Carvalho de Paula ◽  
Carolina Dea Bruzamolin ◽  
Paulo H. Tomazinho ◽  
Luciane Variani Pizzatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Saliva Collection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Introduction and Objective: Tooth decay is one of the most common chronic oral diseases found in industrial countries and is a multifactorial disease which has sugar as a key dietary factor. The amount of saliva concentration and presence of cariogenic bacteria will favor the development of caries. Because of this, the aim of this study was to collect and analyze data on oral alterations referred to tooth decay, oral pH changes, and changes of the oral microbiota in two distinct groups of workers. Material and methods: 30 individuals belonging to two different groups of workers: group A (GA) – workers who maintain daily contact with the confectionery; group B (GB) – workers who do not have such contact. Saliva collection was done by analysis of the salivary pH in both groups, as well as cultivation of Lactobacillus spp and S. mutans. We also evaluate the dental status of individuals belonging to the two groups through the DMFT index. Results: After the examinations of 30 workers (17 from the GA [9 men and 8 women] and 13 in the GB [7 men and 6 women]), the mean DMFT of the individuals in the group A and group B, was 7.41 (SD 5.14) 7.08 (SD 5.56), respectively, without statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The count of S. mutans and Lactobacillus spp, was not statistically significant. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant relationship between presence of dental caries and the fact that workers are in contact with sugar because they work on candy food industry, but new studies are needed for more precise research.

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