scholarly journals Screening for dementia using picture memory impairment screen among older adults in an urban underprivileged area of Bangalore city, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Geethu Mathew ◽  
Seena Thomas ◽  
Pretesh R. K. ◽  
Arvind K.
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Bangalore City ◽  
Picture Memory ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

Background: Under detection of dementia is a major challenge in low and middle income countries with 90% of dementia cases remaining unidentified in India. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of dementia among older adults living in an urban underprivileged area of Bangalore city, India using the picture memory impairment screen (PMIS).Methods: This community based cross sectional study was conducted between September and November 2013 among 202 elderly people in an underprivileged area of Bangalore city. Dementia was defined using a validated cut-off score on the PMIS.Results: The mean age of the participants was 68 years and 65% were illiterate. The overall prevalence of dementia using the screen among elderly people was 15.3%. Age specific prevalence rates were 7.8% (60 to 70), 30.6% (71 to 80) and 61.5% (>80 years) respectively. Increasing age, family history, lower educational and functional status were significantly associated (p<0.05) with dementia.Conclusions: High prevalence of dementia was identified among an urban underprivileged elderly population. The PMIS can be used to triage older adults for further evaluation and management. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of MDR organism (MDRO) carriage in children and their household members in Siem Reap Province, Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta R Singh ◽  
Bunsoth Mao ◽  
Konstantin Evdokimov ◽  
Pisey Tan ◽  
Phana Leab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Siem Reap ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background The rising incidence of infections caused by MDR organisms (MDROs) poses a significant public health threat. However, little has been reported regarding community MDRO carriage in low- and middle-income countries. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in Siem Reap, Cambodia comparing hospital-associated households, in which an index child (age: 2–14 years) had been hospitalized for at least 48 h in the preceding 2–4 weeks, with matched community households on the same street, in which no other child had a recent history of hospitalization. Participants were interviewed using a survey questionnaire and tested for carriage of MRSA, ESBL-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) by culture followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing. We used logistic regression analysis to analyse associations between collected variables and MDRO carriage. Results Forty-two pairs of households including 376 participants with 376 nasal swabs and 290 stool specimens were included in final analysis. MRSA was isolated from 26 specimens (6.9%). ESBL-producing Escherichia coli was detected in 269 specimens (92.8%) whereas ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from 128 specimens (44.1%), of which 123 (42.4%) were co-colonized with ESBL-producing E. coli. Six (2.1%) specimens tested positive for CPE (4 E. coli and 2 K. pneumoniae). The prevalence ratios for MRSA, ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae carriage did not differ significantly in hospital-associated households and hospitalized children compared with their counterparts. Conclusions The high prevalence of ESBL-E across both household types suggests that MDRO reservoirs are common in the community. Ongoing genomic analyses will help to understand the epidemiology and course of MDRO spread.

scholarly journals Depression and its associated factors among pregnant women in central Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205510292098844
Author(s):  
Bao-Yen Luong-Thanh ◽  
Lan Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Linda Murray ◽  
Manuel Eisner ◽  
Sara Valdebenito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Quota Sampling

To date, little attention has been given to prenatal depression, especially in low and middle-income countries. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of depression and its associated factors amongst pregnant women in a central Vietnamese city. This cross-sectional study included 150 pregnant women from 29 to 40 weeks of gestation, from eight wards of Hue city, via quota sampling from February to May 2019. We employed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to assess depression. Findings suggest the need to provide routine screening of pregnant women in primary care for depressive symptoms and other mental health problems.

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