scholarly journals Low response rates to hepatitis B vaccine in patients with chronic hepatitis C

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5189
Author(s):  
Cláudia Alexandra Pontes Ivantes ◽  
Tiago Zibetti Dos Passos ◽  
João Marcelo Marchi Moraes ◽  
Nicole Espindula Mattar ◽  
Tereza Reck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Hbv Vaccine

Background: Hepatitis B is an infectious disease with converging routes of transmission with hepatitis C, making vaccination important in hepatitis C infected people. The objective was to evaluate the vaccine response against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV).Methods: Retrospective observational study was conducted between November 2018 and April 2020. Subjects with anti-HBs levels ≥10 mUI/ml were considered protected against HBV and those with chronic HCV who did not receive at least one dose of the vaccine schedule or with anti-HBc reagent or even with anti-HBs positive prior to the first dose documented in the HBV vaccine record were excluded. The immune response rates to VHB vaccine in patients with HCV was obtained and different variables were analysed.Results: The study group was compound of 370 subjects. The majority (55.7%) were male, with a median age of 55.6±11 years. Regarding present or past smoking, 56.9% of patients reported that were active or past tobacco users. HCV genotype 1 corresponded to 59.7% of the cases, followed by genotype 3 (36.88%). One hundred and fourteen (30.9%) of the patients had liver cirrhosis. The immune response to complete HBV vaccine was 62.3%, whereas the response to a single dose was 57.1% (p=1). Only the age of the patient at first dose (p=0.030), smoking status (p=0.017) and the presence of cirrhosis (p=0.046) influenced the immune response to HBV vaccine.Conclusions: The rate of immune response to standard schedule of HBV vaccination in patients with HCV was low (62.3%).

Anti-envelope 1 and 2 immune response in chronic hepatitis C patients: Effects of hepatitis B virus co-infection and interferon treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Zampino ◽  
Aldo Marrone ◽  
Emanuele Durante Mangoni ◽  
Lucio Santarpia ◽  
Antonello Sica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Interferon Treatment ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

scholarly journals Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B Vaccination Responses in Persons with Chronic Hepatitis C Infections: A Review of the Evidence and Current Recommendations

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A Buxton ◽  
Jin Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Chronic Hcv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Surface Antibody

In persons with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, superinfection by hepatitis A virus (HAV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV) can cause serious complications, including fulminating hepatitis or increased severity of hepatitis. Therefore, it is important to adequately protect persons with chronic HCV infections by immunization. Suboptimal response to vaccines has been reported in patients with chronic liver disease. The present article reviews HAV and HBV vaccine responses reported in the literature when administered to individuals with chronic HCV infection, and reviews current national and international recommendations.RESULTS: Persons with chronic HCV respond well to HAV vaccine, but studies exploring HBV vaccine efficacy in this population have equivocal results. Vaccine schedules and participant characteristics differ among studies, and most do not adjust for confounders. Some studies found no difference in HBV vaccine response between patients with chronic HCV and controls. However, HBV vaccine response was generally reduced in those with cirrhosis and HCV genotype 1. Organizations recommend HAV and HBV vaccines for persons with chronic HCV, but do not suggest alterations in schedule or dose.RECOMMENDATIONS: Because HAV vaccine response is good and routine laboratory testing may not detect lower levels of vaccine-induced anti-HAV, the standard HAV vaccine schedule is recommended without postimmunization testing. HBV vaccine should be administered early in the course of chronic HCV infection because response may be lower in patients with cirrhosis. Reflex testing of anti-HCV reactive sera for anti-HAV and hepatitis B surface antibody can facilitate appropriate follow-up and timely immunization. Determination of postimmunization hepatitis B surface antibody, especially in patients with cirrhosis or genotype 1, will allow HBV vaccine boosters to be offered.

scholarly journals Intrahepatic TLR3 and IFNL3 Expressions Are Associated with Stages of Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis C

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1103
Author(s):  
Keyla Santos Guedes de Sá ◽  
Ednelza da Silva Graça Amoras ◽  
Simone Regina Souza da Silva Conde ◽  
Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz ◽  
Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Chronic Hcv

An inefficient immune response against the hepatitis C virus (HCV), combined with viral evasion mechanisms, is responsible for the chronicity of infection. The need to evaluate the innate mechanisms of the immune response, such as TLR3 and IFN-λ3, and their relationship with the virus–host interaction is important for understanding the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C. The present study aimed to investigate the gene expressions of TRL3 and IFNL3 in liver tissue, seeking to evaluate whether these could be potential biomarkers of HCV infection. A total of 23 liver biopsy samples were collected from patients with chronic HCV, and 8 biopsies were collected from healthy control patients. RNA extraction, reverse transcription and qPCR were performed to quantify the relative gene expressions of TLR3 and IFNL3. Data on the viral load; AST, ALT, GGT and AFP levels; and the viral genotype were collected from the patients′ medical records. The intrahepatic expression of TLR3 (p = 0.0326) was higher in chronic HCV carriers than in the control group, and the expression of IFNL3 (p = 0.0037) was lower in chronic HCV carriers than in the healthy control group. The expression levels of TLR3 (p = 0.0030) and IFNL3 (p = 0.0036) were higher in the early stages of fibrosis and of necroinflammatory activity in the liver; in contrast, TLR3 and IFNL3 expressions were lower in the more advanced stages of fibrosis and inflammation. There was no correlation between the gene expression and the serum viral load. Regarding the initial METAVIR scale scores, liver transaminase levels were lower in patients with advanced fibrosis when correlated with TLR3 and IFNL3 gene expressions. The results suggest that in the early stages of the development of hepatic fibrosis, TLR3 and IFN-λ3 play important roles in the antiviral response and in the modulation of the tolerogenic liver environment because there is a decrease in the intrahepatic expressions of TLR3 and IFNL3 in the advanced stages of fibrosis, probably due to viral evasion mechanisms.

scholarly journals Comparing the safety, tolerability and quality of life in patients with chronic hepatitis B vs chronic hepatitis C treated with peginterferon alpha-2a

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Marcellin ◽  
George K. K. Lau ◽  
Stefan Zeuzem ◽  
E. Jenny Heathcote ◽  
Paul J. Pockros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B

Immune response in addicts with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon and ribavirine

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neri Sergio ◽  
Travali Salvatore ◽  
Bertino Gaetano ◽  
Pulvirenti Davide ◽  
Italiano Claudio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C
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