scholarly journals Otological and audiological manifestations in cleft lip and cleft palate children: a clinical study

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalakshmi Subramaniam ◽  
Manuprasad S ◽  
Hebin H. Kallikkadan ◽  
Vijay Kumar K
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Orofacial Region

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cleft lip and cleft palate are the commonest congenital anomalies of the orofacial region. The<strong> </strong>incidence of middle ear problems and hearing loss is reported to be higher in children with cleft palate &amp;/or cleft lip.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective, observational case-control study comprising 80 subjects (40 cases and 40 controls) was undertaken at Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. All subjects enrolled were subjected to detailed ENT examination including otoscopy, pure tone audiometry and impedance audiometry.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Retracted tympanic membrane suggestive of Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) and conductive hearing loss was observed in more than 50% of patients with cleft palate &amp;/or cleft lip. Tympanogram of B type suggesting OME was observed in 27% of cases. Chronic otitis media was observed in 32.5% of cases.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The prevalence of OME, Chronic otitis media and hearing loss was observed to be higher among children with cleft palate &amp;/or cleft lip. Otological and audiometric assessment should be performed for all patients having cleft palate &amp;/or cleft lip atleast before surgery in order to facilitate early identification and intervention for middle ear problems particularly middle ear effusion.

Evaluating the Frequency of Ear Problems in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mirashrafi ◽  
Babak Saedi ◽  
Mahtab Rabbani Anari ◽  
Gholamreza Garmaroudi ◽  
Roja Toosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Hearing Disorders ◽  
Conductive Hearing

Background: Orofacial cleft is one of the most common congenital malformations of craniofacial region. Otitis media with effusion causing conductive hearing loss is a considerable challenge for many children with cleft lip and palate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hearing disorders and associated malformations in these patients. Methods: The research population consisted of patients with cleft palate, between years 2012 and 2014, who were referred to Children’s Medical Center and Vali-e-Asr hospital in Tehran, Iran. Otoscopic examination, tympanometry, pure tone audiometry and echocardiography were performed for each patient. Results: Among patients with cleft palate, 73% suffered from hearing disorders. There was no relationship between prevalence of hearing loss and sex, presence of other congenital anomalies and degree of cleft, but middle ear diseases were significantly higher in children younger than 2 years. Among patients with cleft lip or palate, 10% suffered from cleft lip, 63% suffered from cleft palate and 27% suffered from cleft lip and palate. There was at least one congenital anomaly in 53% of patients. Conclusion: This study demonstrates high prevalence of otitis media with effusion and conductive hearing loss in patients with cleft. However, audiologic problems are alleviated when patients become older.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION IN CLEFT PALATE CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Altaf Hussain ◽  
Wajahat Ullah Bangash ◽  
Muhammad Ismail Khan ◽  
Muhammad Afaq Ali ◽  
Ali Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type B ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Children with cleft palate oftenly present with otitis media with effusion. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of otitis media with effusion among cleft palate children. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of ENT, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan from June 2017 to December 2018. Ninety patients were selected through consecutive sampling technique. All children 3-10 years of age with cleft palate were included. Patients with combined cleft palate and cleft lip were excluded. All patients underwent otoscopy and tympanometry. Type B tympanogram was considered as evidence of fluid in the middle ear. Later on patients with only Type B tympanogram underwent myringotomies. Results: Out of 90 (180 ears) patients 61 (67.78%) were males and 29 (32.22%) females. Mean age of the sample was 6.15±2.226 years (3-10, range 7 years). On otoscopic examination, 107/180 (59.45%) ears were suspected to have fluid in the middle ear. Type B tympanogram was detected in 125/180 (69.45%) ears. Only 38/90 (42.20%) patients (76/180 ears), underwent pure tone audiometry. Based on otoscopic, tympanometric and audiometric findings, myringotomies were performed in 125/180 (69.45%) ears. At myringotomy fluid was present in middle ear space of 98/180 (78.4%) ears. Out of total 180 ears the true frequency of otitis media with effusion was 98/180 (54.45%). Conclusions: The frequency of otitis media with effusion in patients with cleft palate is high. Tympanometry is fairly sensitive in diagnosing this condition in these patients.

Mechanism of Hearing Loss in Irradiated Ears: A Long-Term Longitudinal Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 904-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ho Young ◽  
Ying-Chih Lu
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Tube Function ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Air Conduction

A 10-year longitudinal follow-up study of hearing was conducted in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in order to elucidate the mechanism of hearing loss in irradiated ears. Ten NPC patients were subjected to a battery of audiological tests before irradiation and 6 months, 5 years, and 10 years after irradiation. The tests included pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, eustachian tube function testing, and myringotomy to confirm middle ear effusion. The prevalences of otitis media with effusion (OME) were 25%, 25%, 40%, and 25% at the 4 testing periods described above, respectively. The prevalences of chronic otitis media were 0%, 0%, 15%, and 25%, respectively. In myringotomized ears (n = 17), the mean hearing levels for both air conduction and bone conduction were preserved from the preirradiation period to 10 years after irradiation. In contrast, in grommeted ears (n = 3), the mean hearing levels for both air conduction and bone conduction deteriorated progressively from the preirradiation period to 10 years after irradiation. We conclude that hearing can be preserved in NPC patients 10 years after irradiation if middle ear inflammation is well controlled. We do not recommend grommet insertion in irradiated NPC patients with OME, as it may result in persistent otorrhea and hearing deterioration.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION IN CLEFT PALATE CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Altaf Hussain ◽  
Wajahat Ullah Bangash ◽  
Muhammad Ismail Khan ◽  
Muhammad Afaq Ali ◽  
Ali Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type B ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Children with cleft palate oftenly present with otitis media with effusion. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of otitis media with effusion among cleft palate children. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of ENT, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan from June 2017 to December 2018. Ninety patients were selected through consecutive sampling technique. All children 3-10 years of age with cleft palate were included. Patients with combined cleft palate and cleft lip were excluded. All patients underwent otoscopy and tympanometry. Type B tympanogram was considered as evidence of fluid in the middle ear. Later on patients with only Type B tympanogram underwent myringotomies. Results: Out of 90 (180 ears) patients 61 (67.78%) were males and 29 (32.22%) females. Mean age of the sample was 6.15±2.226 years (3-10, range 7 years). On otoscopic examination, 107/180 (59.45%) ears were suspected to have fluid in the middle ear. Type B tympanogram was detected in 125/180 (69.45%) ears. Only 38/90 (42.20%) patients (76/180 ears), underwent pure tone audiometry. Based on otoscopic, tympanometric and audiometric findings, myringotomies were performed in 125/180 (69.45%) ears. At myringotomy fluid was present in middle ear space of 98/180 (78.4%) ears. Out of total 180 ears the true frequency of otitis media with effusion was 98/180 (54.45%). Conclusions: The frequency of otitis media with effusion in patients with cleft palate is high. Tympanometry is fairly sensitive in diagnosing this condition in these patients.

scholarly journals A Correlative Study Between Size of Tympanic Membrane Perforation, Pure Tone Audiometry and Intraoperative Findings in Tympanoplasty

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Santosh U P ◽  
Sridurga J ◽  
Aravind D R
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
Membrane Perforation ◽  
Operative Findings

Introduction             Chronic otitis media (COM) is a most common and prevalent disease of the middle ear. COM has been defined as a longstanding inflammatory condition of middle ear and mastoid, associated with perforation of the tympanic membrane. Tympanoplasties are common surgeries performed for chronic otitis media in inactive mucosal type. Any otological surgery may involve a menace/ hazard of hearing loss post operatively.             In this study, an attempt was made to correlate, size of tympanic membrane perforation, pure tone audiometry and intra-operative findings in tympanoplasties, results were analysed and conclusion drawn. Materials and Methods Forty patients attending ENT OPD with chronic otitis media (COM), inactive mucosal type, with conductive hearing loss undergoing tympanoplasties who were willing to participate in the study were selected.  Ear was examined pre-operatively to assess the size of perforation and then, pure tone audiometry (PTA) was done to assess the type of hearing loss and its severity. During tympanoplasty, middle ear was inspected for ossicular status and any other pathology was noted. Later, the size of tympanic membrane perforation, pure tone audiometry and intra operative findings were correlated with each other and analysed. Result  In small and medium sized perforation, PTA and intraoperative findings correlated with each other. Whereas, in large and subtotal perforation, there was no correlation. Conclusion             In small and medium sized perforation, middle ear inspection may not be necessary. Whereas, in large and subtotal perforation it is necessary. 

Chronic Secretory Otitis Media: Effects of Surgical Management

1989 ◽  
Vol 98 (1_suppl2) ◽  
pp. 2-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Gates ◽  
J. C. Cooper ◽  
Christine A. Avery ◽  
Thomas J. Prihoda
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Tympanostomy Tubes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Recurrence

To study the effectiveness of adenoidectomy and tympanostomy tubes in the treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion, we randomly assigned 578 4- to 8-year-old children to receive one of the following: Bilateral myringotomy and no additional treatment (group 1), tympanostomy tubes (group 2), adenoidectomy and myringotomy (group 3), or adenoidectomy and tympanostomy tubes (group 4). The 491 who accepted surgical treatment were evaluated at 6-week intervals for up to 2 years. Treatment effect was assessed by four main outcomes: Time with effusion, time with hearing loss, time to first recurrence of effusion, and number of surgical re-treatments. For the groups (in order), the mean percent of time with any effusion in either ear was 49, 35, 30, 26 (p < .0001); the mean percent of time with hearing thresholds 20 dB or greater was 19, 10, 8, and 7 (p < .0001) in the better ear; and 38, 30, 22 and 22 in the worse ear (p < .0001); the median number of days to first recurrence was 54, 222, 92, and 240 (p < .0001); and the number of surgical re-treatments was 66, 36, 17, and 17 (p < .0001). The most notable adverse sequela, purulent otorrhea, occurred in 22%, 29%, 11%, and 24% of the patients assigned to groups 1 through 4, respectively (p < .001). In severely affected children who have chronic otitis media with effusion resistant to medical therapy, adenoidectomy is an effective treatment. Adenoidectomy plus bilateral myringotomy lowered posttreatment morbidity more than tympanostomy tubes alone and to the same degree as did adenoidectomy and tympanostomy tubes. Adenoidectomy appears to modify the underlying pathophysiology of chronic otitis media with effusion. This effect is independent of the preoperative size of the adenoid. Tympanostomy tube drainage and ventilation of the middle ear provide adequate palliation so long as the tubes remain in place and functioning. We recommend that adenoidectomy be considered in the initial surgical management of 4- to 8-year-old children with hearing loss due to chronic secretory otitis media that is refractory to medical management and, further, that the size of the adenoid not be used as a criterion for adenoidectomy. Concomitant bilateral myringotomy with suction aspiration of the middle ear contents also should be done, with or without placement of tympanostomy tubes at the discretion of the surgeon.

Comparison of the Hearing Histories of Children with and without Cleft Palate

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Broen ◽  
Karlind T. Moller ◽  
Jane Carlstrom ◽  
Shirley S. Doyle ◽  
Monica Devers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Ventilation Tube ◽  
Ventilation Tubes

Aggressive otologic management has been recommended for children with cleft palate because of the almost universal occurrence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in these children and the association of OME with hearing loss and possible language, cognitive, and academic delays. In this study, 28 children with cleft palate and 29 noncleft children were seen at 3-month intervals from 9 to 30 months to compare otologic treatment and management. Hearing and middle ear function were tested at each session; information on ventilation tube placement was obtained from medical records. Ventilation tubes were placed earlier and more often in children with cleft palate, but children with cleft palates failed the hearing screening more often. The correlation between age at first tube placement and frequency of hearing screening failures was significant for the children with cleft palate, indicating that the later tubes were first placed, the poorer the child's hearing.

Hearing Thresholds in Young Children With Otitis Media With Effusion With and Without Cleft Palate

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Tengroth ◽  
Anette Lohmander ◽  
Christina Hederstierna
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Objective: To investigate hearing thresholds in children born with cleft palate and in children with otitis media with effusion but no cleft palate. Design: Prospective longitudinal group comparison study. Setting: University hospital. Participants: Sixteen children born with nonsyndromic cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP±L) and 15 age-matched children with otitis media with effusion (OME) but without cleft. Main Outcome Measures: Hearing was tested at repeated occasions beginning with neonatal auditory brainstem response (ABR) at 1-4 months of age, and age-appropriate hearing tests from 9 to 36 months of age. Results: The median ABR thresholds in both groups were elevated but did not differ significantly. At 12 months of age, the median 4 frequency averages at 500-1000-2000-4000 Hz (4FA) were indicative of mild hearing loss but significantly better in the CP±L-group than in the group without cleft ( P < .01). There were no significant group-wise differences regarding the median 4FA at 24 and 36 months of age, and at 36 months, the median 4FA were normal in both groups. Both groups exhibited a significant improvement over time from the neonatal ABR thresholds to the 4FA at 36 months (CP±L-group P < .05; without CP±L-group P < .01). Conclusion: The hearing loss in children with CP±L was not more severe than among children with OME but without cleft palate; rather, at 12 months of age, the thresholds were significantly better in the CP±L-group than those in the group without cleft. The air conduction thresholds improved with age in both groups.

Colligation of Hearing Loss and Chronic Otitis Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1817-1819
Author(s):  
Bakht Aziz ◽  
Nasir Riaz ◽  
Ateeq ur rehman ◽  
Mohammad Irshad Malik ◽  
Kashif Iqbal Malik
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media

Background: Permanent perforation in the eardrum with persistent drainage from middle ear for more than six weeks is labelled as chronic suppurative otitis media. The major disability of long standing chronic suppurative otitis media presents as disability in hearing thresholds both in young children and adults. The disease has a fewer prevalence in urban regions and mostly is found in the rural population. Aim: To identifying the Prevalence of hearing loss which is sensorineural in patients having middle ear chronic infection (CSOM). Study design & setting: Cross-sectional survey conducted in the department of ENT, Jinnah Hospital Duration/date of the study: 01st February 2020 to 31STJuly 2020 Methods: A Total number of 180 patients were included as a sample in the study. Keeping the level of confidence to 95% and keeping the margin of error to minimum to 5%. These statistics were generated keeping the frequency level of hearing in these patients to minial of 16%. The sampling technique would be non probability type of sampling with a purpose. Results: The results of the study concluded that patients of both sex ranged between first decade and fifth decade. A total of 180 patients had 114 male gender and 66 female gender patients. Patients having chronic middle ear disease were segregated into CSOM (tubo tympanic) with 137 patients and CSOM (attico antral) with 43 patients. The primary indicator of hearing loss in these patients however showed 23 patients having a hearing loss of sensori neural type and 157 patients did not have any sensori neural hearing loss. Conclusions: This research study draws a conclusion that majority cases of chronic middle ear infection is usually the safe type (Tubo tympanic) while a very fewer of these patients of CSOM would have (Attico antral) or dangerous type of CSOM. The major variable of the research, in the form of hearing loss which was sensori neural in patients presenting with CSOM was (12.8%). This percentage is much lower when compared with conductive hearing loss in CSOM. Keywords: Otitis media of chronic type with suppuration, pure tone audiometry, sensory neural hearing loss

scholarly journals Impact of adenotonsillectomy on hearing profile of children with chronic middle ear effusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1377
Author(s):  
Febin James ◽  
Josmy George ◽  
Regina M.
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
Ear Effusion

Background: Chronic middle ear effusion (CME) also known as otitis media with effusion (OME)/glue ear/secretory otitis media is the commonest cause of hearing loss in children, characterized by presence of sterile serous fluid within the middle ear, causing temporary and reversible hearing loss. The aim of present investigation was to determine the effect of adenotonsillectomy on hearing profile of children with persistent OME.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College, Pondicherry during the period of June 2014 to February 2016. 50 children, between the age group of 3-12 years, with features suggestive of OME, and adenotonsillar hypertrophy that underwent adenotonsillectomy during the study period was included in this study. Demographic details and clinical features were collected from the participants. Hearing evaluation was performed by pure tone audiometry (PTA) and tympanometry preoperatively at time of diagnosis and postoperatively at 6 weeks and 3 months after adenotonsillectomy. Data collected was plotted into master chart and analysed using paired t-test and chi square test to determine the improvement in hearing after 6 weeks and 3 months following surgery.Results: 46 children aged between 3 and 12 years with a mean age of 5.3 and standard deviation of 2.2 years. OME was most prevalent in age group was 5-7 years (34.78%) followed by 7-9 years (30.43%). There were 26 (56.52%) males and 20 (43.47%) females. Pre-operatively most of the subjects were having moderate conductive hearing loss (between 26dB to 40dB) with a mean hearing loss of 34.2dB and a standard deviation of 12.2dB. At 6 weeks postoperatively, hearing loss of children were within 16-25dB with a mean loss of 21.6dB and a standard deviation of 6.4dB. At 3 months postoperatively, 30 children were having only minimal hearing loss and 8 were having mild hearing loss.Conclusions: CME is a common cause of childhood hearing loss having a long-term sequel affecting the language development of the child. Adenoidectomy can improve the middle ear function and the hearing profile of child and can be considered as a practical management option in children with chronic adenotonsillar hypertrophy with established otitis media with effusion.

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