FREQUENCY OF OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION IN CLEFT PALATE CHILDREN

Background: Children with cleft palate oftenly present with otitis media with effusion. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of otitis media with effusion among cleft palate children. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of ENT, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan from June 2017 to December 2018. Ninety patients were selected through consecutive sampling technique. All children 3-10 years of age with cleft palate were included. Patients with combined cleft palate and cleft lip were excluded. All patients underwent otoscopy and tympanometry. Type B tympanogram was considered as evidence of fluid in the middle ear. Later on patients with only Type B tympanogram underwent myringotomies. Results: Out of 90 (180 ears) patients 61 (67.78%) were males and 29 (32.22%) females. Mean age of the sample was 6.15±2.226 years (3-10, range 7 years). On otoscopic examination, 107/180 (59.45%) ears were suspected to have fluid in the middle ear. Type B tympanogram was detected in 125/180 (69.45%) ears. Only 38/90 (42.20%) patients (76/180 ears), underwent pure tone audiometry. Based on otoscopic, tympanometric and audiometric findings, myringotomies were performed in 125/180 (69.45%) ears. At myringotomy fluid was present in middle ear space of 98/180 (78.4%) ears. Out of total 180 ears the true frequency of otitis media with effusion was 98/180 (54.45%). Conclusions: The frequency of otitis media with effusion in patients with cleft palate is high. Tympanometry is fairly sensitive in diagnosing this condition in these patients.

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FREQUENCY OF OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION IN CLEFT PALATE CHILDREN

Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.46903/gjms/17.02.2052 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 52-55

Author(s):

Altaf Hussain ◽

Wajahat Ullah Bangash ◽

Muhammad Ismail Khan ◽

Muhammad Afaq Ali ◽

Ali Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Type B ◽

Cross Sectional

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Otological and audiological manifestations in cleft lip and cleft palate children: a clinical study

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20150579 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vijayalakshmi Subramaniam ◽

Manuprasad S ◽

Hebin H. Kallikkadan ◽

Vijay Kumar K

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Cleft Palate ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

College Hospital ◽

Orofacial Region

Background: Cleft lip and cleft palate are the commonest congenital anomalies of the orofacial region. The incidence of middle ear problems and hearing loss is reported to be higher in children with cleft palate &/or cleft lip.Methods: A prospective, observational case-control study comprising 80 subjects (40 cases and 40 controls) was undertaken at Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. All subjects enrolled were subjected to detailed ENT examination including otoscopy, pure tone audiometry and impedance audiometry. Results: Retracted tympanic membrane suggestive of Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) and conductive hearing loss was observed in more than 50% of patients with cleft palate &/or cleft lip. Tympanogram of B type suggesting OME was observed in 27% of cases. Chronic otitis media was observed in 32.5% of cases.Conclusions: The prevalence of OME, Chronic otitis media and hearing loss was observed to be higher among children with cleft palate &/or cleft lip. Otological and audiometric assessment should be performed for all patients having cleft palate &/or cleft lip atleast before surgery in order to facilitate early identification and intervention for middle ear problems particularly middle ear effusion.

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Evaluating the Frequency of Ear Problems in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate

Journal of Iranian Medical Council ◽

10.18502/jimc.v4i1.5742 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Mirashrafi ◽

Babak Saedi ◽

Mahtab Rabbani Anari ◽

Gholamreza Garmaroudi ◽

Roja Toosi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Cleft Palate ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Conductive Hearing Loss ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Hearing Disorders ◽

Conductive Hearing

Background: Orofacial cleft is one of the most common congenital malformations of craniofacial region. Otitis media with effusion causing conductive hearing loss is a considerable challenge for many children with cleft lip and palate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hearing disorders and associated malformations in these patients. Methods: The research population consisted of patients with cleft palate, between years 2012 and 2014, who were referred to Children’s Medical Center and Vali-e-Asr hospital in Tehran, Iran. Otoscopic examination, tympanometry, pure tone audiometry and echocardiography were performed for each patient. Results: Among patients with cleft palate, 73% suffered from hearing disorders. There was no relationship between prevalence of hearing loss and sex, presence of other congenital anomalies and degree of cleft, but middle ear diseases were significantly higher in children younger than 2 years. Among patients with cleft lip or palate, 10% suffered from cleft lip, 63% suffered from cleft palate and 27% suffered from cleft lip and palate. There was at least one congenital anomaly in 53% of patients. Conclusion: This study demonstrates high prevalence of otitis media with effusion and conductive hearing loss in patients with cleft. However, audiologic problems are alleviated when patients become older.

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Outcome of Gastroesophageal Reflux Therapy in Children with Persistent Otitis Media with Effusion

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1718958 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Reem Elbeltagy ◽

Marwa Abdelhafeez

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Before And After ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract Introduction Otitis media with effusion (OME) is considered one of the most common disorders that affect children during the first years of life. There are many risk factors of persistent middle ear effusion; one of these risk factors is gastroesophageal reflux. Association between persistent OME and gastroesophageal reflux diseases (GERDs) could be explained by respiratory tract infections, insufficient ciliary clearance, and poor drainage of the Eustachian tube. Objective To investigate whether the control of gastroesophageal reflux plays a role in the management of persistent OME and decreases tympanostomy tube insertion Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children complaining of persistent OME. Their ages ranged between 5 and 12 years old. All children were subjected to full history taking, audiological assessment and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring. The study group was divided according to pH results into two groups: GERD positives and GERD negatives. Result The prevalence of GERD in persistent OME was 58%. There were statistically significant differences in the hearing levels and middle ear condition before and after the treatment (p < 0.05). The percentage of improvement of children complaining of persistent OME after antireflux treatment was 52%. Conclusion Gastroesophageal reflux disease should be considered in patients with persistent OME. The administration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) can set aside superfluous surgical treatment (such as tympanostomy).

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Kajian faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan skor nasalance pada pasien celah palatum

Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana ◽

10.32637/orli.v45i2.117 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Duhita Yassi ◽

Dini Widiarni ◽

Tri Juda Airlangga ◽

Lestaria Aryanti ◽

Muchtarudin Mansyur

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Latar belakang: Celah bibir dan palatum merupakan kelainan proses pertumbuhan area orofasial yang menimbulkan permasalahan kompleks. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan permasalahanyang terkait dengan fungsi bicara. Tujuan: Penelitian ini melaporkan gambaran skor nasalance padacelah palatum, hubungan antara skor nasalance percontoh celah palatum dan tanpa celah palatum sertafaktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan skor nasalance. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah comparativecross sectional. Pengambilan percontoh dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Dilakukan wawancara,pengisian kuesioner, pemeriksaan THT, audiometri, timpanometri, nasoendoskopi, dan nasometri.Hasil: Didapatkan gambaran rerata skor nasalance percontoh celah palatum. Terdapat perbedaanbermakna antara skor nasalance percontoh celah palatum dan tanpa celah palatum pada Uji Gajah danUji Hantu (p<0,001). Pada analisis multivariat secara keseluruhan faktor-faktor yang berhubungandengan skor nasalance (adenoid, otitis media efusi, serta gangguan pendengaran) dan keberadaancelah palatum berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap skor nasalance untuk semua uji nasalance(p<0,05) pada pengujian terhadap kedua kelompok percontoh. Bila dilihat secara parsial faktor adenoidberpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap skor semua uji nasalance baik pada analisis kedua kelompokpercontoh maupun pada percontoh celah palatum saja. Kesimpulan: Rerata skor nasalance kelompokcelah palatum lebih tinggi daripada kelompok tanpa celah palatum. Didapatkan peran faktor yangberpengaruh terhadap skor nasalance, khususnya adenoid. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut terhadappercontoh sesudah operasi sehingga bisa dijadikan sebagai evaluasi terhadap keberhasilan tindakan. Kata kunci: celah palatum, skor nasalance, tonsil, adenoid, otitis media efusi, gangguan pendengaran ABSTRACTBackground: Cleft lip and palate is an orofacial malformation and associated with many problems. This study concerned in speech problem in cleft palate patients. Purpose: This study reportednasalance score in cleft palate patients, the correlation between nasalance score in cleft palate and noncleft palate groups and also some factors related with nasalance score in cleft palate patients. Methods:The design of this study was comparative cross sectional, with purposive sampling. Data was collectedwith interview, questioner apllication, ENT examination, audiometry, tympanometry, nasoendoscopy,and nasometry. Results: The result of this study reported the mean of nasalance score in cleft palatepatients. There was significant difference in nasalance score between cleft palate and non cleft palatepatients in Uji Gajah and Uji Hantu (p>0,05). In multivariate analysis, in general the factors relatedwith nasalance score (adenoid, otitis media with effusion, and hearing loss) and cleft palate itself weresignificantly correlated with nasalance score in all nasalance test (p<0,05) in both groups analysis butno signifficant correlation in cleft palate group analysis. Partially, adenoid was significantly correlated in both group analysis and cleft palate group analysis. Conclusion: The mean of nasalance score incleft palate group was higher than non cleft group. Some factors in this study, especially adenoid had corelations with nasalance score. It needs further study to evaluate the nasalance score patients withcleft palate after surgery to compare the results. Keywords: cleft palate, nasalance score, tonsil, adenoid, otitis media with effusion, hearing disturbance

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Colligation of Hearing Loss and Chronic Otitis Media

10.53350/pjmhs211581817 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 1817-1819

Author(s):

Bakht Aziz ◽

Nasir Riaz ◽

Ateeq ur rehman ◽

Mohammad Irshad Malik ◽

Kashif Iqbal Malik

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media

Background: Permanent perforation in the eardrum with persistent drainage from middle ear for more than six weeks is labelled as chronic suppurative otitis media. The major disability of long standing chronic suppurative otitis media presents as disability in hearing thresholds both in young children and adults. The disease has a fewer prevalence in urban regions and mostly is found in the rural population. Aim: To identifying the Prevalence of hearing loss which is sensorineural in patients having middle ear chronic infection (CSOM). Study design & setting: Cross-sectional survey conducted in the department of ENT, Jinnah Hospital Duration/date of the study: 01st February 2020 to 31STJuly 2020 Methods: A Total number of 180 patients were included as a sample in the study. Keeping the level of confidence to 95% and keeping the margin of error to minimum to 5%. These statistics were generated keeping the frequency level of hearing in these patients to minial of 16%. The sampling technique would be non probability type of sampling with a purpose. Results: The results of the study concluded that patients of both sex ranged between first decade and fifth decade. A total of 180 patients had 114 male gender and 66 female gender patients. Patients having chronic middle ear disease were segregated into CSOM (tubo tympanic) with 137 patients and CSOM (attico antral) with 43 patients. The primary indicator of hearing loss in these patients however showed 23 patients having a hearing loss of sensori neural type and 157 patients did not have any sensori neural hearing loss. Conclusions: This research study draws a conclusion that majority cases of chronic middle ear infection is usually the safe type (Tubo tympanic) while a very fewer of these patients of CSOM would have (Attico antral) or dangerous type of CSOM. The major variable of the research, in the form of hearing loss which was sensori neural in patients presenting with CSOM was (12.8%). This percentage is much lower when compared with conductive hearing loss in CSOM. Keywords: Otitis media of chronic type with suppuration, pure tone audiometry, sensory neural hearing loss

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MIDDLE EAR DISORDERS AMONG CLEFT LIP AND PALATE IN CHILDREN: A CONJOINT EXPOSITION

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v1i1.3687 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (Suppl-3) ◽

pp. S457-61

Author(s):

Saba Islam ◽

Nazia Mumtaz ◽

Ghulam Saqulain

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

Sample Population ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: To analyze the frequency of middle ear disorders among the cleft lip and palate and association with hearing Loss. Study Design: Cross Sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Audiology Department of Cleft Hospital, Gujrat and ENT department of National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Islamabad, from Oct 2018 to Mar 2019. Methodology: We recruited a sample of 100 cleft lip and palate children of both genders, aged 3 month to 12 years, using nonprobability sampling. Screening was performed with otoscopy, tympanometry and hearing assessment. Results: Out of sample population, 62% were males and 38% females with a mean age of 2.27 ± 2.73 years. The middle ear disorders were found to be 70%. Among these otitis media with effusion was the most common 43 (61.43%), followed by Acute otitis media 8 (11.43%) and Eustachian tube dysfunction 6 (8.57%). Tympanosclerosis and dry tympanic membrane perforation were the least common. Statistically significant association of hearing loss was found with the middle ear disorders (p<0.001). Conclusion: Middle ear disorders especially otitis media with effusion are common in cleft lip/ palate children.

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Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion in Chronic Sinusitis with Polyps

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/014556131809700803 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 97 (8) ◽

pp. E13-E18 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mary Daval ◽

Hervé Picard ◽

Emilie Bequignon ◽

Philippe Bedbeder ◽

André Coste ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Nasal Polyposis ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Pure Tone Audiometry ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

The relationship between otitis media with effusion (OME) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) remains unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 80 consecutively presenting patients—42 males and 38 females, aged 15 to 76 years (median: 48)—who were diagnosed with CRSwNP. Our aim was to ascertain the prevalence of OME in CRSwNP patients, to determine whether the severity of CRSwNP affected OME, and to identify risk factors for OME in CRSwNP patients. The severity of CRSwNP was assessed on the basis of nasal symptoms, endoscopic nasal examinations, and Lund-Mackay staging scores. In addition to demographic data, we obtained information on each patient's history of otitis, otoscopic findings, and the results of pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry. We then compared the data between CRSwNP patients with OME (n = 20) and those without (n = 60). In the OME group, a conductive hearing loss was present in 16 patients (80.0%); all patients in the control group had normal hearing. With regard to symptoms, only rhinorrhea appeared to be more common in patients with OME than in those without, although the difference was not statistically significant. We found no significant difference in nasal polyposis grades between the two groups. Also, we found no correlations between the risk of OME and previous surgical treatment, asthma, allergy, aspirin intolerance, aspirin and/or NSAID intolerance, aspirin and/or sulfite intolerance, and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Based on our findings, we conclude that OME occurs frequently during the evolution of CRSwNP, even when the nasal disease is well controlled. This finding suggests the possible presence, in OME and/or CRSwNP, of a global inflammatory process that involves the epithelium in both the middle ear and upper airway.

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Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Skills and Their Correlates in Mandarin-Speaking Infants with Unrepaired Cleft Lip and/or Palate

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17093015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 3015

Author(s):

Si-Wei Ma ◽

Li Lu ◽

Ting-Ting Zhang ◽

Dan-Tong Zhao ◽

Bin-Ting Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Short Form ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Receptive Vocabulary ◽

Expressive Vocabulary ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vocabulary Skills ◽

Communicative Development

Background: Vocabulary skills in infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) are related to various factors. They remain underexplored among Mandarin-speaking infants with CL/P. This study identified receptive and expressive vocabulary skills among Mandarin-speaking infants with unrepaired CL/P prior to cleft palate surgery and their associated factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving patients at the Cleft Lip and Palate Center of the Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between July 2017 and December 2018. The Putonghua Communicative Development Inventories-Short Form (PCDI-SF) was used to assess early vocabulary skills. Results: A total of 134 children aged 9–16 months prior to cleft palate surgery were included in the study. The prevalences of delays in receptive and expressive vocabulary skills were 72.39% (95% CI: 64.00–79.76%) and 85.07% (95% CI: 77.89–90.64%), respectively. Multiple logistic regression identified that children aged 11–13 months (OR = 6.46, 95% CI: 1.76–23.76) and 14–16 months (OR = 24.32, 95% CI: 3.86–153.05), and those with hard/soft cleft palate and soft cleft palate (HSCP/SCP) (OR = 5.63, 95% CI: 1.02–31.01) were more likely to be delayed in receptive vocabulary skills. Conclusions: Delays in vocabulary skills were common among Mandarin-speaking CL/P infants, and age was positively associated with impaired and lagging vocabulary skills. The findings suggest the necessity and importance of early and effective identification of CL/P, and early intervention programs and effective treatment are recommended for Chinese CL/P infants.

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Experimental Otitis Media with Effusion following Middle Ear Inoculation of Nonviable H Influenzae

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348948409300113 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 93 (1) ◽

pp. 52-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Thomas F. DeMaria ◽

David J. Lim ◽

Bruce R. Briggs ◽

Nobuhiro Okazaki

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Animal Experiment ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Type B ◽

Negative Bacterium ◽

Middle Ear Effusion ◽

Sterile Saline ◽

Inflammatory Changes ◽

Ear Effusion

In order to test the hypothesis that nonviable bacteria can induce middle ear inflammation leading to persistent middle ear effusion (MEE), we conducted an animal experiment using formalin-killed Hemophilus influenzae, the bacterium reported to be the most common pathogen isolated from chronic MEEs. Over 70% of the chinchillas injected with formalin-killed H influenzae type b or a nontypeable isolate developed sterile, straw-colored serous MEEs, and exhibited histological evidence of extensive inflammatory changes of the middle ear mucosal connective tissue and epithelium. Control animals injected with pyrogen-free sterile saline did not exhibit any inflammatory changes or effusions in the middle ears. Our data suggest that endotoxin on the surface of H influenzae, a gram-negative bacterium, may be responsible for the induction of the otitis media with effusion. It is suggested that endotoxin (even when the organisms are no longer viable) may be responsible for the production of serous MEE and inflammatory changes in the middle ear.

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