scholarly journals Um fenômeno urbano em São Luís, Estado do Maranhão: a Companhia Anil e o sistema de canalização do abastecimento d´água na urbe oitocentista (1855 a 1862) * An urban phenomenon in São Luís, State of Maranhão: the Anil Company and the plumbing system for water supply in the nineteenth century city (1855 a 1862)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio Pinheiro ◽  
Antônio Cordeiro Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Plumbing System

O presente artigo analisa o problemático sistema de abastecimento de água em São Luís do Maranhão, entre 1855 a 1862, século XIX, quando implantada a Companhia Hidráulica do Anil. Verificam-se os conflitos gerados quando assinado o contrato e no processo de implantação e funcionamento da companhia de água encanada, versus o fornecimento de água pelo antigo sistema artesanal, controlado por ricos senhores. A análise estrutura-se a partir dos relatórios da companhia, das atas do Senado da Câmara e das matérias dos inúmeros jornais que circulavam na São Luís, oitocentista. Objetiva-se analisar a conjuntura que motivou a criação da Companhia Anil e sua importância no processo de modernização dos serviços públicos da cidade. Abordam-se de forma breve as questões relacionadas à modernização, urbanização e progresso na urbe do século dezenove. Nesse sentido, verifica-se a resistência de alguns atores sociais entronizados décadas no controle da água potável e os embates travados na esfera política e na impressa.

The Time Revolutionaries of 1859

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Clive Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Freezing Time ◽  
Adam Bede ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Unlimited Time ◽  
Conflicting Interests

The three principals, their partners, families, and networks are introduced. The chapter uses Darwin’s explanation of natural selection in 1857: ‘We have almost unlimited time; no-one but a practical geologist can fully appreciate this.’ Evans, Lubbock, and Prestwich were all practical geologists but with conflicting interests in managing London’s water supply for health and business. The chapter explores their geological passion and how they came to investigate the question of great human antiquity—the crux of the time revolution. The idea of using stone tools as a proxy for remote human ancestors is examined and the challenges which faced them set out. The characters of the principals are mapped onto the ideals in Samuel Smiles’s Self-Help, where zeal and perseverance sum up the qualities of success in all walks of life. George Eliot’s observations in Adam Bede on the men of New Leisure provides another fit for the three time revolutionaries. The preoccupation of the mid-nineteenth century with time is also examined using three inventions, the railways and railway time, shrinking distance—and hence time—by telegraphy, and freezing time with photographs. Examples range across literature and engineering.

‘Disgusting to the imagination and destructive of health’? The metropolitan supply of water, 1820–52

Urban History ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID SUNDERLAND
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Adequate Amount ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Water Companies

The criticisms of the early nineteenth-century metropolitan water supply by contemporary interest groups have been largely accepted by present day historians. This article argues that these criticisms were undeserved. It is argued that the London water companies provided an adequate amount of water; charged reasonable prices, given their large capital investments; and that, although the quality of water may have been poor compared to modern standards, it was far purer than sometimes supposed.

scholarly journals STUDY ON OPERATION CONTROL OF PLUMBING SYSTEM AND PREDICTING LOAD OF WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE IN THE AREA

1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (511) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Keiji SAITOH ◽  
Takuma TAKEI ◽  
Tetuo SADANAGA ◽  
Fumitoshi KIYA
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Plumbing System ◽  
Operation Control

scholarly journals DESIGN OF PLUMBING SYSTEM AT TUNJUNGAN PLAZA APARTMENT, SURABAYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Sarah Meilani ◽  
Ariani Dwi Astuti ◽  
Ratnaningsih Ratnaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Rain Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Plumbing System ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Tank System

<strong>Aim:</strong> This study of plumbing system plan is  aimed at planning a plumbing system that is compatible with clean water, waste water and rain water management at Tunjungan Plaza apartment, Surabaya City, Indonesia according to SNI 8153-2015, and meet 5 aspects of safety, security, simplicity, beauty, and economy.  It applies water supply system which commonly used for tall buildings, namely Roof Tank system. <strong>Methodology and Result</strong>: Plumbing system planning methods are collecting and analyzing fluctuation in water use, planning clean water and recycled water systems by endorsing alternative piping for clean water and recycled water. In addition to water supply, recycled water system that utilizes waste water to be recycled for flushing closets and watering plants also required to be implemented. Average daily water consumption is 268 m<sup>3</sup>/day for clean water and 44 m<sup>3</sup>/day for recycled water with the capacity of ground water tank for clean water is 564.54 m<sup>3</sup> and recycled water is 62 m<sup>3</sup>. <strong>Conclusion, significance and impact study:</strong> Clean water supply system will implement roof tank system and recycled water will reutilize wastewater for flushing on toilet tank and watering the plants. Waste water use separated system between grey water and black water and then distributed to STP to be treated and reused for flushing water closet and watering plants. Rain water goes to infiltration well by gravity through designed 1 well. Total amount of investment of plumbing equipment is Rp 2,157,697,501,- with cost of water supply per unit Rp 4,445,643,- meanwhile waste water piping cost per units is Rp 1,070,711,-.

Paradise for Whom? Conservatism and Progress in the Perception of Rio de Janeiro's Drinking-Water Supply, Sixteenth to Nineteenth Centuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-727
Author(s):  
JORUN POETTERING
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article examines the ways in which the perception of Rio de Janeiro's drinking water contributed to shaping the city's hydric management in colonial and imperial times. Even though the general assessment of climate and vegetation changed from paradisiacal to noxious in the second half of the eighteenth century in accordance with Enlightenment ideas, this had no effect on the locals’ appreciation of the city's drinking water. The criteria for evaluating the quality and quantity of available water were based on works from classical antiquity and remained essentially unchanged from early colonial times to the end of the empire. Not even population growth and increasing susceptibility to epidemics in the nineteenth century induced the authorities to reform the water supply system, as they were confident that the city was provided with good and abundant water by virtue of its natural predisposition.

Water for Europe: The Creation of the European Water Framework Directive

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kaika
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Engineering Problem ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

When the French politician Clemenceau visited Athens in 1899, he was taken on a tour of the city and briefed on the social, political, and economic problems facing both the city and the young Greek state. Afterwards, he addressed the local political and intellectual elites, starting his speech by exclaiming: ‘The best politician amongst you shall be the one who will bring water into Athens’ (Clemenceau 1899, cited in Gerontas and Skouzes 1963: in). Indeed, water supply was one of the most important and intricate political and social issues of the nineteenth century. Although water supply and management is today often presented as a purely technological and engineering problem, it remains, as we shall see, a deeply political issue, implicated in relations of social power (Reisner 1990; Postel 1992). Indeed, today, more than a century onwards from Clemenceau’s comment, his aphorism still holds true. Despite the fact that Western economies have undergone a period of ‘fierce modernization’ during the twentieth century, and despite technological advances and innovation, water supply and management remain major socio-technical issues at the heart of the political agenda (Bank 1992). Whilst contemporary Europe is not faced with severe water shortages (although many areas, particularly but not exclusively in the European South still face disruptions in water supply during dry months (ETC/IW 1996; ICWS 1996)), water supply and management remain amongst the most important political issues at the European and international level (Hundley 1992; Faure and Rubin 1993; Gleick 1993). Today, if anything, the political ecology of water has become more complex, and more important politically than in the nineteenth century. With the increasing internationalization and complexity of water resource management, with the emergence of an increasingly larger number of actors and institutions involved in this process, with the newly vested economic interests in water supply, and with the increasing concern and sensitivity towards environmental protection, if Clemenceau were alive today, he would probably maintain his aphorism— rephrasing it for the contemporary era: ‘The best politician amongst you shall be the one who will bring clean water into Europe, while keeping happy all the parties involved in water supply, use, and management, at the local, regional, national, and European level.’

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