Trade Policy Barriers to Imports of EU Goods to the USA: Importance of Liberalization of Trade Flows

The development of the USA, Canada and Mexico is studied taking into account the signing of the new USMCA Agreement, and some differences from the previous NAFTA are presented in accordance with modern challenges. The foreign trade of the association and its separate member states is analysed, their shares in the general trade are determined, and basic indicators of international trade are calculated. The main directions of trade flows and the importance of partner countries with regards to each other are identified. Exports are analysed taking into account the periods before and after the conclusion of the Agreement, while changes of intra-regional trade between the partner countries are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the study of foreign trade in agricultural products. Its share in total trade in goods is defined, the basic indicators are analysed, features concerning directions are determined. Trade trends taking into account North-South integration are considered, and the corresponding features are revealed. The importance of the agricultural sector in the new USMCA Agreement is presented as a result of the consideration of trade policy for agricultural products. It is proposed to take into account certain provisions of USMCA when concluding regional trade agreements of Ukraine in the future, as well as the possible impact on trade with Ukraine.

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When Britain Turned Inward: The Impact of Interwar British Protection

The American Economic Review ◽

10.1257/aer.20172020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 109 (2) ◽

pp. 325-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Alan de Bromhead ◽

Alan Fernihough ◽

Markus Lampe ◽

Kevin Hjortshøj O’Rourke

Keyword(s):

International Trade ◽

Trade Policy ◽

Trade Flows ◽

Conventional Wisdom ◽

Trade Policies ◽

The Impact

International trade collapsed, and also became much less multilateral, during the 1930s. Previous studies, looking at aggregate trade flows, have argued that trade policies had relatively little to do with either phenomenon. Using a new dataset incorporating highly disaggregated information on the United Kingdom’s imports and trade policies, we find that while conventional wisdom is correct regarding the impact of trade policy on the total value of British imports, discriminatory trade policies can explain the majority of Britain’s shift toward Imperial imports in the 1930s. (JEL F13, F14, F54, N74)

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Exchange rate sensitivity of the USA-Singapore trade flows: evidence from industry data

International Journal of Trade and Global Markets ◽

10.1504/ijtgm.2015.069426 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohsen Bahmani Oskooee ◽

Hanafiah Harvey

Keyword(s):

Exchange Rate ◽

Rate Sensitivity ◽

Trade Flows ◽

Industry Data ◽

The Usa

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TRADE POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA UNDER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Three Seas Economic Journal ◽

10.30525/2661-5150/2021-1-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Viktoriya Mashkara-Choknadiy ◽

Yuriy Mayboroda

Keyword(s):

Foreign Trade ◽

Trade Policy ◽

Social Life ◽

The United States ◽

The European Union ◽

Foreign Trade Policy ◽

The Us ◽

The Usa ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

The pandemic of COVID-19 has influenced all sectors of social life, including the global economy and trade relations. The year of 2020 was marked with significant changes in internal and foreign economic policy of almost all nations. The purpose of the paper is to study the measures taken by the EU and the USA as the world's leading economies to regulate their foreign trade in the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The tasks of the study are to show the influence of the crisis on changes of global trade policy in front of the threat to national security. Methodology. The study is based on the results of statistical analysis of data provided the WTO and the UNCTAD. The authors show an analytical assessment of the foreign trade indicators of the EU and the USA. Methods of comparison and generalization were used to formulate conclusions on regulatory trends in foreign trade of the US and the EU. Results allowed identifying specific features and changes in the regulation of foreign trade of the EU and the US, assessing the impact of the pandemic on their foreign trade. It was found that both mentioned players of the world economy have actively introduced both deterrent and liberalization measures during 2020, which were aimed at providing the domestic market with scarce COVID-related goods. The study shows the transition from export restricting to import liberalizing measures in foreign trade policies from the start of pandemic to the late 2020. Practical implications. Understanding and predicting the possible actions of partners (the US and the EU in this case) in the field of foreign trade regulation is an important practical aspect, which has to be taken into account when developing Ukraine's foreign trade policy. Value/originality. The study of foreign trade policy of the world's leading countries allows us to understand the behavior of governments of the countries that are largely dependent on participation in international trade in their development, to draw conclusions about the most common instruments of foreign trade policy in the time of humanitarian and economic crises.

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How Should We Think about the Winners and Losers from Globalization? Three Narratives and Their Implications for the Redesign of International Economic Agreements

European Journal of International Law ◽

10.1093/ejil/chz067 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 1359-1397

Author(s):

Nicolas Lamp

Keyword(s):

International Economic ◽

Trade Policy ◽

Empirical Analysis ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The Past ◽

The Us ◽

The Usa

Abstract In the wake of Donald Trump’s election to the US presidency, the ‘losers’ from globalization have received unprecedented attention. While few would contest that manufacturing workers in developed countries have lost out over the past decades, the remedies proposed by President Trump have been met with a mixture of concern and ridicule by the trade establishment. And, yet, it seems clear that, at least in the USA, politicians and trade officials are no longer able to convince voters that international economic agreements will ‘lift all boats’. Instead, those engaged in debates about trade policy will need to be open about the fact that international economic agreements create both winners and losers. This article identifies three narratives about who those winners and losers are. The article argues that the contestation between these three narratives is not one that can be resolved through empirical analysis but, instead, that the narratives contain irreducible normative elements. The article further explores the implications of these narratives for the redesign of international economic agreements.

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