scholarly journals How Should We Think about the Winners and Losers from Globalization? Three Narratives and Their Implications for the Redesign of International Economic Agreements

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1359-1397
Author(s):  
Nicolas Lamp
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Abstract In the wake of Donald Trump’s election to the US presidency, the ‘losers’ from globalization have received unprecedented attention. While few would contest that manufacturing workers in developed countries have lost out over the past decades, the remedies proposed by President Trump have been met with a mixture of concern and ridicule by the trade establishment. And, yet, it seems clear that, at least in the USA, politicians and trade officials are no longer able to convince voters that international economic agreements will ‘lift all boats’. Instead, those engaged in debates about trade policy will need to be open about the fact that international economic agreements create both winners and losers. This article identifies three narratives about who those winners and losers are. The article argues that the contestation between these three narratives is not one that can be resolved through empirical analysis but, instead, that the narratives contain irreducible normative elements. The article further explores the implications of these narratives for the redesign of international economic agreements.

Macroeconomic conditions are only an illusion, not the solution, to firm sustainability: unveiling the new dimension of stakeholder well-being

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Irshad Younas ◽  
Mahvesh Khan ◽  
Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The One

Purpose The purpose of the study is to explore the misconception that in developed countries, macroeconomic performance lead to sustainable firms or improves stakeholder well-being. The results may be the opposite or even worse. Design/methodology/approach This study examined this misconception using balanced panel data from 1,122 firms from different sectors of the US economy and data on macroeconomic performance from the World Bank. Findings The results of the one-step generalised method of moments indicate that most macroeconomic performance indicators had significant and negative impacts on firm sustainability and stakeholder well-being. Practical implications From a societal perspective, the results illustrate that the fruits of macroeconomic performance of the US economy do not reach stakeholders through firms’ sustainability. Thus, linking the economy’s macroeconomic performance with firm sustainability is vital for sustainably uplifting society and for stakeholder well-being. Originality/value From a policy perspective, this study reveals that the greater focus on macroeconomic performance in the USA over the past decades has resulted in lower firm sustainability because of the malfunctioning of social, economic, environmental and governance factors. This has negatively influenced stakeholder well-being in the country.

scholarly journals Situating Continuing Professional Development in Life Long Learning in Qatar

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishanth Weerakkody ◽  
Mohamad Osmani ◽  
Paul Waller ◽  
Nitham Hindi ◽  
Rajab Al-Esmail
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Continuing Professional Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
The Us ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Level

<p>Continued professional development (CPD) has been at the centre of capacity building in most successful organisations in western countries over the past few decades. Specialised professions in fields such as Accounting, Finance and ICT, to name but a few, are continuously evolving, which is necessitating certain standards to be followed through registration and certification by a designated authority (e.g. ACCA). Whilst most developed countries such as the UK and the US have well established frameworks for CPD for these professions, several developing nations, including Qatar (the chosen context for this article) are only just beginning to adopt these frameworks into their local contexts. However, the unique socio-cultural settings in such countries require these frameworks to be appropriately modified before they are adopted within the respective national context. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of CPD in Qatar through comparing the UK as a benchmark and drawing corresponding and contrasting observations to formulate a roadmap towards developing a high level framework.</p>

The new international economic order: trade policy for primary commodities

1977 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Kirkpatrick ◽  
F. I. Nixson
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
International Economic Order ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Special Session ◽  
International Affairs ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Rich

The demands of the less developed countries (LDCs) for a fundamental reform of the economic, commercial and financial relationships between themselves and the rich, developed economies have dominated international affairs for the past three years. In April–May 1974, the sixth Special Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations called for the establishment of a New International Economic Order (NIEO) and similar appeals have been made on a large number of occasions since then. 1976 was marked by UNGTAD IV meeting in Nairobi, Kenya in May and the commencement of the deliberations of the Conference on International Economic Co-operation (the so-called North-South Conference) meeting in Paris, originally scheduled to end in December 1976, but reconvened for a final session at the end of May 1977

The Economic Impact of University Technologies

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred R. Berkeley
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Vice Chairman ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Technology Managers

This article is an edited version of a speech given by Alfred R. Berkeley, former President and Vice-Chairman of the NASDAQ Stock Market Inc, as part of the 30th anniversary celebrations of the US Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM) during the 2004 AUTM Annual MeetingSM. The article stresses the increasingly important role of technology transfer in the economic and social futures of the USA and points up lessons for technology transfer professionals from the key changes and policy decisions that have driven the development of America's capital markets over the past few decades.

scholarly journals TRADE POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA UNDER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Viktoriya Mashkara-Choknadiy ◽  
Yuriy Mayboroda
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The pandemic of COVID-19 has influenced all sectors of social life, including the global economy and trade relations. The year of 2020 was marked with significant changes in internal and foreign economic policy of almost all nations. The purpose of the paper is to study the measures taken by the EU and the USA as the world's leading economies to regulate their foreign trade in the global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The tasks of the study are to show the influence of the crisis on changes of global trade policy in front of the threat to national security. Methodology. The study is based on the results of statistical analysis of data provided the WTO and the UNCTAD. The authors show an analytical assessment of the foreign trade indicators of the EU and the USA. Methods of comparison and generalization were used to formulate conclusions on regulatory trends in foreign trade of the US and the EU. Results allowed identifying specific features and changes in the regulation of foreign trade of the EU and the US, assessing the impact of the pandemic on their foreign trade. It was found that both mentioned players of the world economy have actively introduced both deterrent and liberalization measures during 2020, which were aimed at providing the domestic market with scarce COVID-related goods. The study shows the transition from export restricting to import liberalizing measures in foreign trade policies from the start of pandemic to the late 2020. Practical implications. Understanding and predicting the possible actions of partners (the US and the EU in this case) in the field of foreign trade regulation is an important practical aspect, which has to be taken into account when developing Ukraine's foreign trade policy. Value/originality. The study of foreign trade policy of the world's leading countries allows us to understand the behavior of governments of the countries that are largely dependent on participation in international trade in their development, to draw conclusions about the most common instruments of foreign trade policy in the time of humanitarian and economic crises.

scholarly journals The effects of volatility and changes in conditional correlations in the stock markets of Russia and developed countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (227) ◽  
pp. 67-94
Author(s):  
Oleg Salmanov ◽  
Natalia Babina ◽  
Marina Samoshkina ◽  
Irina Drachena ◽  
Irina Salmanova
Keyword(s):  
Stock Markets ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
International Portfolios ◽  
Russian Stock Market ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this article is to identify patterns of profitability volatility and to establish the degree of dynamic conditional correlation between the stock markets of developed countries and those of Russia. This issue is important for investment strategies and the international diversification of investments. We use the BEKK-GARCH, CCC-GARCH, and DCCGARCH models and show that the correlation between the Russian stock market and the markets of the USA, UK, Germany, and France has decreased significantly in recent years. We find that while the correlation between the Russian market and the mature European markets is bidirectional, the relationship between the US market and the Russian market is unidirectional. An assessment of the transfer of volatility from all of the mature markets to the Russian market establishes its statistical significance and shows that feedback from the Russian market to the UK and German markets is insignificant. Diversification of international portfolios in the Russian market is recommended.

Assessment of the Volume of State Funding for the Development of Biomedicine in Russia and in the USA

Acta Naturae ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
A. N. Petrov ◽  
N. G. Kurakova
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Russian Medical ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This article demonstrates that Russias funding for research and development is less than 2.5 % of global funding, whereas the amount of financing of just three countries, the USA, China, and Japan amounts to 50%. It is argued that the inadequacy of Russias domestic financing for the development of the science sector vis a vis that of developed countries allows the country to prioritize only a limited number of research fields in its scientific and technological development. We have compared and contrasted expenditures on research and development in biomedicine in the USA and Russia. It has been demonstrated that in 2014, basic funding for 27 research centers included in the US National Health Institutes network exceeded the amount of financing for 104 Russian medical scientific and research institutes subordinated to the Russian Ministry of Health and Federal Agency of Scientific Organizations by 173 times. We have concluded that a substantial increase in state funding for fundamental, exploratory, and applied research in the field of biomedicine is required if life sciences are to be preserved as one of the priorities in the scientific-technological and social development of Russia. It is also necessary to eliminate all administrative and tax barriers that prevent active participation of domestic industrial entities in the co-financing of the development of Russian drugs and medical equipment.

A retrospect on the US apparel industry: expert predictions and reality data

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris H. Kincade ◽  
Kate E. Annett-Hitchcock
Keyword(s):  
Critical Time ◽  
Apparel Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Southeast Us

Purpose In 1978, the once powerful US apparel industry was on the cusp of change, and the consulting firm KSA conducted a Delphi survey of apparel executives’ predictions into the 2000s. The purpose of this paper is to compare actual changes over the subsequent decades with these 1978 expert predictions and explore the accuracy/inaccuracy of these “educated guesses” (KSA, 1978, p. 1). Design/methodology/approach The chorographic method was used to analyze the report and document historical data. Chorography is “concerned with significance of place, regional characterization, [and] local history […]” (Rohl, 2012, p.1) and includes contextual settings and researcher input. Primary data were examined during each decade and included: industry literature, government documents and labor data. The researchers used content analysis to reduce and organize data. Findings Findings cover three decades of Southeast US apparel industry data including imports, employment, number of plants, size of plants and productivity. Predictions were inaccurate about imports, predicted to be minor in comparison with domestic production, which they actually surpassed. Predicted decrease in employment was similar to actual decrease but reasons were inaccurate. Change in number and size of plants were over-predicted and under-predicted. Reasons given by experts were automation and government intervention; in actuality, limited automation occurred with insignificant impact in contrast to outsourcing, which decimated employment in US plants. Steady increase in productivity was predicted when productivity often decreased. Originality/value Previous studies focus on the textile sector; studies of the apparel sector tend to be regional or topical. This study is more expansive and provides insight into predictions and changes made in the US apparel industry at a critical time in its near demise. With the current climate of global change and increased market uncertainty, insights from this study may provide direction for rethinking of the domestic apparel industry for the USA and other developed countries.

ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF THE US PRINTED MEDIA IN THE INFORMATION WAR BETWEEN THE USA AND RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.V. MARTYNENKO ◽  
А.I. PENZINA
Keyword(s):  
Political Elites ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Printed Media ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted to the consideration of methods and ways of conducting information war by the US media against the Russian Federation over the past few years. On the example of publications about President Donald Trumps links with Russia, its possible to trace a traditional tendency to use the image of Russia as the main adversary (the socalled enemy image), which undermines the interests of American democracy. Under pressure from representatives of political elites and lobbyists, the US media systematically form a negative image of Russia, hindering the development of positive diplomatic, economic and political relations between the two strongest countries in the world. The authors of the study used the systemanalytical method, the method of analogies, the method of content analysis and the historicalanalytical method.

Achieving Permanency through Adoption: Following in US Footsteps?

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Selwyn ◽  
Wendy Sturgess
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
International Adoption ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Looked After Children ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

In the past six years both England and the USA have called for radical overhauls of their adoption systems. These include not only changes to service delivery but also increased monitoring and accountability in order to achieve national child welfare goals. Drawing upon a report examining international adoption policy and practice commissioned by the Cabinet Office for the Prime Minister's review of adoption, Julie Selwyn and Wendy Sturgess compare the problems identified in the two countries' looked after children systems and examine the early impact of the US legislation.

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