scholarly journals A factor analysis of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence for bidi smokers and smokeless tobacco users (FTND): findings from India

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Persai ◽  
Rajmohan Panda
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco

Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence—Smokeless Tobacco

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon O. Ebbert ◽  
Christi A. Patten ◽  
Darrell R. Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco

A factor analysis of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Radzius ◽  
D. H. Epstein ◽  
D. A. Gorelick ◽  
J. L. Cadet ◽  
G. E. Uhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Nicotine Dependence

Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Severson 7-item Smokeless Tobacco Dependence Scale (SSTDS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Mushtaq ◽  
Laura A Beebe
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Tobacco Dependence ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Salivary Cotinine ◽  
Dependence Scale ◽  
Cotinine Concentration

Abstract Introduction The objective of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Severson 7-item Smokeless Tobacco Dependence Scale (SSTDS). Methods Data from 95 male exclusive smokeless tobacco users were obtained through a self-administered mail survey to evaluate the reliability and validity of the SSTDS. Reliability of the scale was assessed by measures of internal consistency including, Cronbach’s coefficient alpha and item-total correlation. Other ST dependence scales and salivary cotinine concentration were used to evaluate concurrent validity. Structure model of the scale was ascertained by exploratory factor analysis. Overall accuracy and optimal cutoff score were obtained to evaluate SSTDS as a screening tool for ST dependence Results The SSTDS had high reliability as assessed by the internal consistency coefficient (ordinal α=0.83). SSTDS total score was significantly correlated with Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence for ST users - FTND-ST (r=0.42) and modified Tobacco Dependence Screener - TDS (r=0.58). Exploratory factor analysis of the SSTDS identified two underlying factors measuring distinct dimensions of dependence. With reference to TDS based dependence diagnosis, SSTDS demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.82, 95%CI: 0.74–0.90). Salivary cotinine concentration was not associated with the total score of the SSTDS; however, at an optimal cutoff score of SSTDS >9, everyday ST users classified as dependent had significantly higher cotinine concentration. Conclusions SSTDS is a reliable measure of dependence that has higher concurrent validity and reliability as compared to other commonly used smokeless tobacco (ST) dependence scales. Further research is needed using a larger and more diverse sample of ST users to unequivocally establish the validity of the scale. Implications Smokeless tobacco dependence has multiple aspects that can be best studied by multidimensional dependence scales. The study findings validate that the SSTDS measures not only the physical dependence but also the behavioral and psychological dimensions of dependence. Good psychometric properties, diagnostic accuracy, and multidimensional structure of SSTDS indicate that it may serve as an effective tool in assessing ST dependence in clinical and research settings.

Validity of the Italian Version of the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) for Nicotine Dependence in Smokers Intending to Quit

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Caterina Grassi ◽  
Domenico Enea ◽  
Amy K. Ferketich ◽  
Franco Culasso ◽  
Paolo Nencini
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Dependence ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Dependence Scale ◽  
One Year ◽  
Severity Of Dependence Scale ◽  
Comparative Measure ◽  
Scale Coefficient

The objective was to test the psychometric properties of an Italian version of the Severity of Dependence Scale, a five-item measure designed to assess the compulsive dimension of drug dependence. 635 smokers enrolled in a tobacco dependence treatment program served as the participants. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence was used as a comparative measure. Dimensionality of the Severity of Dependence Scale and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence was assessed by factor analysis. Prediction of smoking at one year was evaluated by logistic regression. Factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution; however, the second factor explained very little variance. Factor 1 had a Cronbach's α of .66 (overall Scale coefficient = .44). The total Severity of Dependence Score predicted smoking at one year (OR = 1.10).

scholarly journals Assessment of nicotine dependence among tobacco users visiting outreach programs in Dharan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Subedi ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Tarakant Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Nicotine Dependency ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Nicotine is a highly addictive substance present in tobacco. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of tobacco use and compare the nicotine dependence among smokers and smokeless tobacco users visiting dental outreach programs of B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences -Dharan, Nepal. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2018 to April 2019. A total of 726 people were selected from participants of dental outreach programs of 6 districts using convenience sampling technique. The data collection was done using semi-structured questionnaire through face to face interview by a single researcher. History of tobacco use and level of nicotine dependency was measured using Nepali translated and validated form of Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence for smoking and smokeless. The mean age of the tobacco users was 39.55 ± 15.57 (Range = 19–82 years). Descriptive statistics including the mean, median, percentage, standard deviations and interquartile range were computed. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and odds ratio were calculated where needed. Results The overall prevalence of any tobacco use, smoking form, smokeless and both form was found to be 32.8%, 14.9%, 14.3% and 3.6% respectively. Nicotine dependence (moderate and severe) was found in 80% of smokeless tobacco users and 48% of smokers. Among the smokeless tobacco users nicotine dependency was found to be more with female gender (Odds ratio = 4.98, 95%CI = 1.41–17.69, p = 0.01), increase in duration of tobacco use with every 10 years, low socioeconomic status (Odds ratio = 2.75, 95%CI = 1.02–7.40, p = 0.04), married, not using alcohol. Among smokers nicotine dependency was found to be significantly higher with more than 30 years of duration (Odds ratio = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.42–7.92, p = 0.005). Conclusions The study concluded that prevalence of tobacco consumption and nicotine dependence was high among the people visiting dental outreach programs. This study incorporated both smoking and smokeless tobacco users. It is high time to develop a policy to control tobacco use along with creating tobacco cessation centers. Tobacco control program are basically focusing on smoking. However, it is very necessary to incorporate in policy level to control smokeless tobacco along with smoking. Tobacco cessation centers will obviously help to quit tobacco among the tobacco users.

Measuring nicotine dependence among smokeless tobacco users

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1511-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet L. Thomas ◽  
Jon O. Ebbert ◽  
Christi A. Patten ◽  
Lowell C. Dale ◽  
Carrie A. Bronars ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco

Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saida Sharapova ◽  
Carolyn Reyes-Guzman ◽  
Tushar Singh ◽  
Elyse Phillips ◽  
Kristy L Marynak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Products

IntroductionTobacco use mostly begins in adolescence and young adulthood. Earlier age of initiation of cigarette smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and sustained tobacco use. However, data are limited on the age of initiation of non-cigarette tobacco products, and the association between using these products and nicotine dependence and progression to established use.MethodsCombined 2014–2016 National Youth Tobacco Survey data, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of US students in grades 6–12 yielded 19 580 respondents who reported ever using any of five tobacco products: electronic cigarettes, cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco and hookah. Analyses assessed age of reported first use of each product among ever-users, overall and by sex and race/ethnicity. Current daily use, past 30-day use, feelings of craving tobacco and time to first tobacco use after waking were assessed by age of first use.ResultsAmong ever-users, weighted median age for first use was 12.6 years for cigarettes, 13.8 years for cigars, 13.4 years for smokeless tobacco, 14.1 years for hookah and 14.1 years for e-cigarettes. First trying these tobacco products at age ≤13 years was associated with greater current use of the respective product and nicotine dependence compared with initiating use at age >13 years.ConclusionsFirst tobacco use at age ≤13 years is associated with current daily and past 30-day use of non-cigarette tobacco products, and with the development of nicotine dependence among youth ever-users. Proven tobacco prevention interventions that reach early adolescents are important to reduce overall youth tobacco use.

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