scholarly journals About the linear and elliptic polarization of light

Author(s):  
A.P. Pylaev

On basis of the known experiments it is considered the existing conceptions about the linear and elliptic polarisation of light. It is shown that the conception of the linear polarization does not have the arguments of physical character, and the conception about existence of the elliptic polarisation was founded on mathematical formulae. Since the direct experimental proof of the light elliptic polarization is lacking it is carried out an analysis of the experimental scheme of the indirect confirmation. It is shown that this scheme cannot give such confirmation.

This paper contains an experimental investigation of the phenomena of elliptic polarization resulting from the reflexion of polarized light from metallic surfaces, and the theory on which they are explicable; the analytical results being given in a tabular form, and applied to the cases of the experiments themselves.


Author(s):  
A. Hutchinson

A determination of the constants of elliptic polarization of light reflected from a fresh cleavage surface of antimonite enabled Professor P. Drude to calculate two of the indices of refraction of this substance as 5.17 and 4.49 respectively. Instead, however, of the symmetry-axes of the crystal, regarded as belonging to the orthorhombic system, coinciding with the principal vibration directions in the plane (010), he found that the latter were inclined to the former lines at angles which varied in different observations between 2.6° and 15.4°. These observations, which indicate that the symmetry of antimonite is of the oblique or anorthie type, stand in opposition to those of Professor O. Mügge, who found that exceedingly thin flakes of antimonite placed between crossed nicols in direct sunlight transmitted sufficient light of a deep red colour to enable him to determine the extinction as straight.


2006 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ł. Kłopotowski ◽  
M.D. Martín ◽  
A. Amo ◽  
L. Viña ◽  
I.A. Shelykh ◽  
...  

1845 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  

In a former paper, inserted in the Philosophical transactions, 1843, Part I., I detailed observations on some phenomena of elliptic polarization by reflexion from certain metallic surfaces; but with reference only to one class of comparative results. From these I have been led to pursue the subject into other relations besides those at first contemplated; but, from various causes, have only been able tat this interval to submit to the results to the Royal Society as a sequel to my former observations. The changes in the degree of ellipticity, investigated in my former paper, correspond to certain changes in the thickness of metallic films . If we now consider the case of reflexion from a simple polished metallic surface , and admit that in this case it may be supposed to take place by the penetration of the ray to a certain minute depth, or to some action of a thin transparent lamina of the metal, then, in like manner, —dependent on the law of metallic retardation, —the effect would vary with a difference in the effective thickness of the lamina, produced by changing the inclination of the incident ray; and that this is the case in general is well known, viz. that as the incidence is increased, the ellipticity increases up to a maximum, which occurs for most metals at an incidence between 70° and 80°, beyond which it decreases up to 90°.


2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 13605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Ceolato ◽  
Muriel Golzio ◽  
Cécile Riou ◽  
Xavier Orlik ◽  
Nicolas Riviere

1843 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  

The peculiar character impressed on light, originally polarized in a plane inclined to that of incidence and reflected from a metallic surface, discovered by Sir D. Brewster, and named by him elliptic polarization, has been since shown to coincide with what, from a different analogy, is termed elliptic polarization in the undulatory theory ; and which is also exhibited by an interposed plate of mica, or by total internal reflexion, as in Fresnel’s rhomb. The most distinct experimental test of the existence of this property and a measure of its amount, is the well-known dislocation of the polarized rings, seen by a plate of calc-spar and a tourmaline, in light of this kind. And this, as in other similar cases, is represented theoretically by a formula for the intensity at any part of the plate, in the case of the rhomb , for circular polarization, as in Mr. Airy’s tract on the undula-tory theory (Art. 160.) ; and for elliptic , as in the same author’s paper on quartz. A general formula for the rings in light of all degrees of ellipticity, not restricted by the peculiar conditions of the rhomb , has not been hitherto published : but I am in­debted to Mr. Airy for the communication of such a formula, which will be given in the sequel, as leading to some remarkable applications.


In a former paper, published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1843, the author gave an account of the observations he had made on the phænomena of elliptic polarization by reflexion from certain metallic surfaces, but with reference only to one class of comparative results. He has since pursued the inquiry into other relations besides those at first contemplated, and the present paper is devoted to the details of these new observations, obtained by va­rying the inclination of the incident rays, and the position of the plane of analysation, and by employing different metals as the re­flecting surfaces. By the application of the undulatory theory of light to the circumstances of the experiments and the resulting phænomena, the law of metallic retardation is made the subject of ana­lytic investigation. A polariscope of peculiar construction, of which a description is given at the conclusion of the paper, was employed in the experiments: and tables are subjoined of the numerical re­sults of the observations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2086 (1) ◽  
pp. 012167
Author(s):  
K O Sedykh ◽  
D V Sych

Abstract Quantum Zeno effect concerns deterministic dynamics of a quantum system induced by a series of projective quantum measurements. Applying this effect in optics, one can achieve an arbitrary lossless transformation of linear polarization of light with help of linear polarizers. However, to demonstrate this effect in practice, we have to take into account unavoidable losses in each polarizer that limits probability of successful transformations. In this work, we theoretically study a realistic quantum Zeno effect with an optimal discrete set of polarizers and find the maximum success probability


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