scholarly journals THE ABUNDANCE OF KARST-RIPARIAN FOREST IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF SAMPOLAWA RIVER BAUBAU, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
La Ode Muhammad Erif ◽  
Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
River Ecology ◽  
Allochthonous Inputs ◽  
Karst Ecosystem ◽  
Tree Sapling

<p>Riparian forest is a source energy and matter for the aquatic ecosystem. The abilities of riparian forest are to control and recycle the allochthonous inputs from the upland drainage basin and the river itself. This processess are a fundamental aspect of river ecology. We studied the riparian forest in karst ecosystem setting, at the protected forest of Sampolawa headwaters river, Baubau, Southeast Sulawesi. We focussed on the structure and composition of species richness of the forest. Data were collected using quadrate methods, 20mx20m, with 4 replicates placed at each river side. Results reveal that the forest compossed of 7 growth-forms, trees, saplings, seedlings, palm, herbs, liana, and spike moss. The tree species richness of tree and sapling was 33 and 37 species in consecutively. The tree species of Sphatolobus sp., Aglaia silvestris, and Canarium asperum dominated this riparian forest. Similarly the sapling dominance were Sphatolobus sp., Aglaia sp., and Chrysophyllum lanceolatum, as well as the seedlings of Sphatolobus sp., Palaquium obovatum and Chrysophyllum lanceolatum. Thus, the Sphatolobus sp. will be the future tree. However, Anthocephalus macrophyllus saplings were not found, thus this tree was endangered. Soil nutrients of NO3, NH4, PO4, and C organic were high, which indicated that the litterfall decomposition occurred at the forest riparian floor. The Riparian forest was a primary forest and very diversed in species richnes but had low densities. All the tree, sapling, and seedling species characterized the riparian forest of karst ecosystem at the headwaters of Sampolawa River in the karst ecosystem setting.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: Anthocephalus, karst-riparian forest, headwaters</p>

scholarly journals PRESERVATION OF PRIMARY FOREST CHARACTERISTICS DESPITE FRAGMENTATION AND ISOLATION IN A FOREST REMNANT FROM VIÇOSA, MG, BRAZIL1

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Gastauer ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Guerra Sobral ◽  
João Augusto Alves Meira-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Biotic Resources

According to its owners, the Forest of Seu Nico (FSN) from the Viçosa municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil, never has been logged and is therefore considered a primary forest. Nevertheless, the forest patch suffered impacts due to selective wood and non-timber extraction, fragmentation and isolation. Aim of this study was to test if the FSN, despite impacts, preserved characteristics of primary forests, which are elevated percentages of non-pioneer (>90%), animal-dispersed (>80 %), understory (>50%) and endemic species (~40%). For that, all trees with diameter at breast height equal or major than 3.2 cm within a plot of 100 x 100 m were identified. With 218 tree species found within this hectare, the FSN's species richness is outstanding for the region. The percentages of non-pioneer (92 %), animal-dispersed (85 %), understory (55 %) and endemic species (39.2 %) from the FSN fulfill the criteria proposed for primary forest. Therefore, we conclude that the FSN maintained its characteristics as a primary forest which highlights its importance for the conservation of biotic resources in the region, where similar fragments are lacking or not described yet.

scholarly journals Spider assemblages on tree trunks in primeval deciduous forests of the Białowieża National Park in eastern Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Marzena Stańska ◽  
Tomasz Stański ◽  
Joanna Hawryluk
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Białowieża National Park ◽  
Spider Abundance

We analysed spider assemblages of tree trunks in an oak-lime-hornbeam forest, an ash-alder riparian forest and an alder carr in the primeval stands of the Białowieża National Park. Spiders were collected from June 1998 to October 2000 using bark traps. A total of 2,182 spider individuals, belonging to 43 species and 14 families was collected. The forest types differed in the spider abundance and species richness. The differences probably resulted from different tree species and different environmental conditions in the forest types. The most numerous species in oak-lime-hornbeam forest and in alder carr was Amaurobius fenestralis, whereas Anyphaena accentuatawas the most abundant species in ash-alder riparian forest. Four species (Amaurobius fenestralis, Anyphaena accentuata, Segestria senoculataand Neriene montana) were collected in each month (March – October), whereas most species were recorded sporadically or in some periods.

Estimating species richness in tropical forest: the missing species extrapolation technique

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanne Tackaberry ◽  
Nicholas Brokaw ◽  
Martin Kellman ◽  
Elizabeth Mallory
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Extrapolation Technique ◽  
Pine Ridge ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Species Extrapolation ◽  
A New Technique

ABSTRACTA new technique for estimation of tree species richness in tropical forests was developed and tested in this study. The missing species extrapolation technique is based on the assumption that the rate of accumulation of new species with increasing area is the same within sampled and unsampled areas of similar habitat within a region. This new technique was tested on four 1-ha sites of subtropical moist forest in Rio Bravo, Belize for which complete species counts of trees ≥10cm dbh are available. Estimates given by the technique are 115, 98, 93 and 106% of the actual species counts within the four sites. The accuracy of these estimates was found to be equal to or better than most others obtained by using existing methods of extrapolation. The missing species extrapolation technique was also applied to a 21-ha riparian forest patch in the Mountain Pine Ridge, Belize, where it was used to obtain an estimate of the number of tree species ≥10cm dbh in the entire patch.

The mechanisms explaining tree species richness and composition are convergent in a megadiverse hotspot

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-815
Author(s):  
Victor P. Zwiener ◽  
André A. Padial ◽  
Márcia C. M. Marques
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Tree Species Richness

scholarly journals Effect of tree species identity and related habitat parameters on understorey bryophytes – interrelationships between bryophyte, soil and tree factors in a 50-year-old experimental forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaja Rola ◽  
Vítězslav Plášek ◽  
Katarzyna Rożek ◽  
Szymon Zubek
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Habitat Factors ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Habitat Parameters

Abstract Aim Overstorey tree species influence both soil properties and microclimate conditions in the forest floor, which in turn can induce changes in ground bryophyte communities. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of tree species identity and the most important habitat factors influencing understorey bryophytes. Methods We assessed the effect of 14 tree species and related habitat parameters, including soil parameters, vascular plant presence and light intensity on bryophytes in monospecific plots covered by nearly fifty-year-old trees in the Siemianice Experimental Forest (Poland). Results The canopy tree species determined bryophyte species richness and cover. The strongest differences were observed between plots with deciduous and coniferous trees. Soils with a more acidic pH and lower content of macronutrients supported larger bryophyte coverage. We also found a positive correlations between vascular plants and availability of light as well as bryophyte species richness. Conclusion Tree species identity and differences in habitat conditions in the forest floor lead to changes of ground bryophyte richness, cover and species composition. Consequently, the changes in the dominant tree species in the stand may result in significant repercussions on ground bryophyte communities. We indicated that the introduction of alien tree species, i.e. Quercus rubra, has an adverse effect on bryophyte communities and suggested that the selection of tree species that contribute to the community consistent with the potential natural vegetation is highly beneficial for maintaining ground bryophyte biodiversity.

scholarly journals Bird and mammal conservation in Gaoligongshan Region and Jingdong County, Yunnan, China: patterns of species richness and nature reserves

Oryx ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daoying Lan ◽  
Robin Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Mammal Conservation ◽  
Latitudinal Patterns ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

AbstractElevational and latitudinal patterns of species richness for birds and mammals were compared with human population density in relation to nature reserve designation in two areas of Yunnan Province, China. Results suggest that species richness is not the same for the two areas. In Gaoligongshan Region, species richness is inversely correlated with elevation and altitude, while reserve designation is positively correlated with elevation and latitude. In Jingdong County, reserve designations are positively correlated with elevation, but species richness shows no clear trends. In general, the present situation is strongly influenced by human activities. It appears that reserve designation is mismatched with species richness in Gaoligongshan Region, while there is a better fit between the two in Jingdong County. In both areas, however, it appeared that reserves were located primarily in order to reduce conflict with humans rather than to maximize conservation of biodiversity, probably because humans were responsible for forest—especially primary forest—destruction and degradation in the low-lying areas.

scholarly journals Tree species richness increases ecosystem carbon storage in subtropical forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1885) ◽  
pp. 20181240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Liu ◽  
Stefan Trogisch ◽  
Jin-Sheng He ◽  
Pascal A. Niklaus ◽  
Helge Bruelheide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Time Periods

Forest ecosystems are an integral component of the global carbon cycle as they take up and release large amounts of C over short time periods (C flux) or accumulate it over longer time periods (C stock). However, there remains uncertainty about whether and in which direction C fluxes and in particular C stocks may differ between forests of high versus low species richness. Based on a comprehensive dataset derived from field-based measurements, we tested the effect of species richness (3–20 tree species) and stand age (22–116 years) on six compartments of above- and below-ground C stocks and four components of C fluxes in subtropical forests in southeast China. Across forest stands, total C stock was 149 ± 12 Mg ha −1 with richness explaining 28.5% and age explaining 29.4% of variation in this measure. Species-rich stands had higher C stocks and fluxes than stands with low richness; and, in addition, old stands had higher C stocks than young ones. Overall, for each additional tree species, the total C stock increased by 6.4%. Our results provide comprehensive evidence for diversity-mediated above- and below-ground C sequestration in species-rich subtropical forests in southeast China. Therefore, afforestation policies in this region and elsewhere should consider a change from the current focus on monocultures to multi-species plantations to increase C fixation and thus slow increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and global warming.

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