Relationship between economic development and population age structure in the Russian regions

The paper identifies and assesses the closeness of the connection between incremental indicators of the financial development in the regions of Russia with the incremental regional GDP and the investment in fixed capital. It is shown that the positioning of the region as an independent participant of public debt market matters: the regional GDP and investment in fixed capital grow more rapidly in the regions which are regularly borrowing on the sub-federal bonds market. The paper also demonstrates that the poorly developed financial system in some regions have caused the imperfection of the growth mechanisms since the economy is not able to use the financial system’s functions.

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Investment climate and government turnover in russian regions

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2014-2-88-117 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 88-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

G. Syunyaev ◽

L. Polishchuk

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Theoretical Model ◽

Private Sector ◽

Authoritarian Regimes ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Investment Climate ◽

Regional Data ◽

Endogenous Property Rights ◽

The Impact

We study the impact of Russian regional governors’ rotation and their affiliation with private sector firms for the quality of investment climate in Russian regions. A theoretical model presented in the paper predicts that these factors taken together improve “endogenous” property rights under authoritarian regimes. This conclusion is confirmed empirically by using Russian regional data for 2002—2010; early in that period gubernatorial elections had been canceled and replaced by federal government’s appointments. This is an indication that under certain conditions government rotation is beneficial for economic development even when democracy is suppressed.

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Integrated Assessment of Socio-Economic Development of Rural Areas, Taking into Account Differences in Population Density

Economy of agricultural and processing enterprises ◽

10.31442/0235-2494-2020-0-10-76-83 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 76-83

Author(s):

N.N. Balashova ◽

◽

D.A. Korobeynikov ◽

S.A. Popova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Economic Development ◽

Population Density ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Rural Population ◽

Integrated Assessment ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Socio Economic Development

Typologization of rural areas, taking into account differences in population density and level of socio-economic development, is necessary to identify “growth points” and strategic sustainability benchmarks. The method of integrated assessment of the level of socio-economic development of rural territories is proposed, according to which the grouping of Russian regions is carried out. Applying data on rural population density to the results of calculations allowed us to identify 12 typological groups, in the context of which unified recommendations on sustainable development of territories should be formed.

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Sustainable Regional Economic Development: Analysis and Management Methods

Economics and Management ◽

10.35854/1998-1627-2020-1-23-34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 23-34

Author(s):

B. M. Grinchel’ ◽

E. A. Nazarova

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Mathematical Treatment ◽

Mathematical Tool ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Regional Economic ◽

Management Scheme ◽

Progressive Growth ◽

Sustainable Regional Development ◽

High Level ◽

Development Analysis

The presented study examines methods for analyzing and managing sustainable economic development of Russian regions and possible criteria for assessing and improving sustainability.Aim. The study aims to provide a theoretical and empirical justification for the use of regional competitive attractiveness assessment to manage economic development and improve its sustainability.Tasks. Based on the measurement and analysis of economic competitive attractiveness indicators and their mathematical treatment, the authors assess the sustainability of development of Russian regions in 2013–2017 and the causes of deviations from progressive growth.Methods. This study proposes a mathematical tool for measuring the sustainability of Russian regions by assessing their competitive attractiveness and develops a typology of sustainability in the mathematical space of two variables.Results. Methods for analyzing and managing the sustainability of economic development of Russian regions under the influence of political and economic challenges and risks are proposed. The level and dynamics of regional competitive attractiveness are taken as a criterion of sustainability of economic development. The authors provide methods and indicators for assessing economic competitive attractiveness and criteria for measuring the sustainability of development, which allow them to draw conclusions about the reaction of different regions to the challenges and risks of development in 2013–2017. The study proposes a management scheme for sustainable regional development with a focus on the comprehensive improvement of regional economic competitive attractiveness and potential ways to improve it, including training of municipal and regional managers in crisis management associated with economic and political challenges and risks.Conclusions. Based on the proposed criterion of economic development sustainability and assessment of the competitive attractiveness of regions and their rankings, it is shown that in 2013–2017 45 out of 83 regions were developing sustainably; by 2017, 19 regions out of the 32 that suffered losses in the competitive attractiveness level and rankings in 2015–2016 have managed to restore the sustainability of economic development and their rankings. This study proves that regions with a high level of economic competitive attractiveness show increased sustainability of development.

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Polarized nature of the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: associations with population age structure and behaviours

Tropical Medicine and Health ◽

10.1186/s41182-021-00324-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Junko Okumura

Keyword(s):

Age Structure ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Online Survey ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cumulative Number ◽

Population Age Structure ◽

Major Factors ◽

Drinking Places

Abstract Background Although the scale of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic was relatively small in Japan compared with the rest of the world, the polarisation of areas into high- and low-COVID-19-incidence areas was observed among the 47 prefectures. The aims of this study were not only identifying the factors associated with the polarised COVID-19 pandemic in Japan but also discussing effective preventive measures. Methods This was an ecological study using online survey data which was cross-sectionally conducted by the author. A total of 6000 respondents who resided in 10 low- and 10 high-COVID-19 incidence prefectures, with a wide gap in terms of COVID-19 incidence, in Japan were recruited. Data on COVID-19 cases and geodemographic information were obtained from official government sites. Statistical analyses were conducted to compare variables between the two areas and age groups. Results This study revealed that that age influenced people’s behaviours and perceptions, except one behaviour of ‘wearing facemasks’. The major factors significantly associated with the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases per 100,000 people were ‘commuting by private automobile’ (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.444; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.394–0.501), ‘commuting by public transportation’ (AOR, 6.813; 95% CI, 5.567–8.336), ‘washing hands’ (AOR, 1.233; 95% CI, 1.005–1.511), ‘opening windows regularly’ (AOR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.104–1.412), ‘avoiding crowded places (AOR, 0.757; 95% CI, 0.641–0.893), ‘non-scheduled visits to drinking places’ (AOR, 1.212; 95% CI, 1.054–1.392) and ‘perceived risk of contracting COVID-19’ (AOR, 1.380; 95% CI, 1.180–1.612). These factors were strongly associated with age groups. Conclusions Effective preventive measures for COVID-19 transmission can be developed by understanding the characteristics of populated areas, such as public transportation infrastructure and younger people’s movements and behaviours in relation to the population age structure to contain the current epidemic and protect the most vulnerable elderly people.

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Determining and evaluating the level of socio-economic risks for Russia to respond to ‘Grand Challenges’

National Interests Priorities and Security ◽

10.24891/ni.17.3.443 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 443-469

Author(s):

Nataliya V. KUZNETSOVA ◽

Ekaterina V. KOCHEVA ◽

Nikolai A. MATEV

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Market Potential ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Economic Agents ◽

Grand Challenges ◽

Technological Gap ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

Mitigation Methods ◽

Economic Risks

Subject. The modern economic development strongly depend on a powerful regulator, such as grand challenges, which have become a critical barrier, requirement, level that should be attained. Considering the grand challenges, the country set up goals and tasks for the coming period and adjusts operations of economic agents. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the gap between the absolute and current market potential with reference to qualitative and quantitative indicators. The study is called to assess whether Russia is prepared for the existing and arising grand challenges. We also determine risk mitigation methods and the probability of negative scenarios. Objectives. We determine and evaluate the level of socio-economic risks for Russia to respond to the grand challenges. We also pinpoint key directions for the Russian regions to continue their socio-economic development in order to promote their further economic growth. Methods. The study presents the economic-mathematical modeling of the nexus among factors that determine socio-economic risks of the GRP dynamics to find their mitigation methods. In the study, the logit-model with dummy variables that attribute the regions to certain clusters. Results. We analyzed and classified risks of the Russian regions by 10 integral indicators. The article shows homogeneous regional zones exposed to similar socio-economic development risks. We also carry out the multivariate classification of the Russian regions by the risks assessed. As the findings show, the Russian regions strongly differ by socio-economic risks. The article spotlights priorities of the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Conclusions and Relevance. As their key development vector, the Russian regions need to overcome the technological gap, mitigate the S&T potential risk and a drop in the innovative activity of the economy.

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