scholarly journals ISOLATION OF BACTERIA FROM THE SITES OF FEED AND NESTING ACTIVITY OF LARUS DOMINICANUS (GALINDEZISLAND, THE MARITIMEANTARCTIC) AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
S. Ya. Komplikevych ◽  
O. D. Maslovska ◽  
T. B. Peretyatko ◽  
O. M. Moroz ◽  
I. Y. Parnikoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Larus Dominicanus ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Nesting Activity ◽  
16 S Rrna ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

The aim of the study was to investigate the number of different groups of microorganisms in soil samples from sites of feed and nesting activity of Larus dominicanus (Galindez Island, the maritime Antarctic) and to characterize the physiological and biochemical properties of isolated microorganisms. Methods. In the work standard microbiological and biochemical research methods were used (cultural, microscopy methods, determination of enzymatic activity). Genomic DNA was isolated by soft lysis. The 16 S rRNA gene was amplified using universal primers 27F and 1492R. Identification of isolates was performed based on the determination of the 16 S rRNA gene sequence, physiological and biochemical properties. Results. The number of microorganisms of different groups in soil samples from sites of food and nesting activity of Larus dominicanus (Galindez Island, the maritime Antarctic) was established. 74 isolates of bacteria were isolated. Isolate 2U-K-37, that was isolated from upper layer of soil, and isolate 2B-K-54, that was isolated from a depth of 2–5 cm, were characterized by amylase, lipase, phospholipase, protease activities, the ability to form exopolysaccharides.They were identified by sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene, physiological and biochemical properties as Pedobacter sp. 2U-K-37 and Pseudarthrobacter sp. 2B-K-54. In the soil samples from sites of feed and nesting activity of Larus dominicanus microorganisms that metabolize nitrogen of organic compounds were the most numerous. Oligotrophic microorganisms and microorganisms that metabolize nitrogen of inorganic compounds were less numerous. The number of microorganisms of groups in the samples from the soil surface and lower layers differed statistically significant. Isolated and identified obligate psychrophilic strain Pedobacter sp. 2U-K-37 and psychrotolerant strain Pseudarthrobacter sp. 2B-K-54 are moderate halophiles that are able to hydrolyze starch, gelatin, tween-20 and synthesize exopolysaccharides.

scholarly journals Active Antibiotics Production by Actinomycetes Indigenous To Saudi Arabia Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Fetoon M ◽  
helaiwi Alk ◽  
Ismet Ara ◽  
Nadine Moubayed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Desert Soils ◽  
Growth Environment ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Streptomyces are the most popular among the Actinomycetes groups and found in soils worldwide. They form an important part of the soil ecology within the Actinomycetales order. Streptomyces are diverse as secondary antibiotic metabolites such as Novobiocin, Amphotericin, Vancomycin, Neomycin, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Erythromycin and Nystatin. Thus, the current study was aimed to isolate, identify and assess the active antibiotic metabolites produced by different actinomyces sp. found in Saudi Arabian soils. Six samples were collected from desert soils of the Al Thumamah area and analyzed using GS-MS. Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to identify the bacterial strains along with their antibiotic metabolites effectiveness of secondary metabolites (antibiotics) against different Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus), negative pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella suis, and Shigella sonnei) as well as the fungal strain Candida albicans was investigated. Thirty active bacterial (F1-30) strains were isolated from the soil samples and the strains F3, F7, F22, F30 have white, gray, pink, yellow and red colours respectively. Only ten strains (F13, F14, F15, F16, FI7, F18, F19, F20, F21, and F22) were found to have antimicrobial activity against at least one pathogen. The optimum growth environment was pH 4-10, temperature (300C), and NaCl (7% w/v) concentration. According to our findings, the extreme desert environment of Al Thumamah from Saudi Arabia is rich in its actinobacterial population with diverse colouring groups and various physiological and biochemical properties. This shows it’s capability of generating secondary metabolite elements that could inhibit pathogenic microorganisms.

scholarly journals Emended descriptions of the genus Lewinella and of Lewinella cohaerens, Lewinella nigricans and Lewinella persica, and description of Lewinella lutea sp. nov. and Lewinella marina sp. nov.

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 2946-2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shams Tabrez Khan ◽  
Yukiyo Fukunaga ◽  
Yasuyoshi Nakagawa ◽  
Shigeaki Harayama
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Marine Sediment Sample ◽  
Pacific Coast Of Japan ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Two strains, MKG-38T and FYK2402M69T, were isolated from a marine sediment sample and a sea snail, respectively, both collected on the Pacific coast of Japan. Phylogeny of these new isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that they are members of the genus Lewinella. Morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of these two isolates, together with the type strains of the three previously described species of the genus Lewinella, were characterized. The new isolates were Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, chemo-organotrophic and able to degrade starch and CM-cellulose. A comparative polyphasic study showed that these two isolates represent two novel species of the genus Lewinella, for which the names Lewinella marina sp. nov. (type strain, MKG-38T=NBRC 102633T=NCIMB 14312T) and Lewinella lutea sp. nov. (type strain, FYK2402M69T=NBRC 102634T=NCIMB 14313T) are proposed. Emended descriptions of the genus Lewinella (Sly et al. 1998) and of Lewinella cohaerens, Lewinella nigricans and Lewinella persica are also proposed.

scholarly journals Polaromonas hydrogenivorans sp. nov., a psychrotolerant hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium from Alaskan soil

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sizova ◽  
Nicolai Panikov
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Psychrotolerant (0–25 °C), chemolithotrophic Gram-negative cocci were isolated from Alaskan forest soil. The novel isolate was found to grow autotrophically on H2 : CO2 mixtures and to switch to heterotrophic growth on media containing organic substrates. The novel strain utilized a wide range of organic acids, some simple sugars and alcohols. Naphthalene vapour did not support growth. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the novel strain is affiliated to the genus Polaromonas, of the class Betaproteobacteria, and is related to Polaromonas naphthalenivorans (99.6 % gene sequence similarity), Polaromonas aquatica (97.4 %) and Polaromonas vacuolata (96.1 %). The membrane phospholipids contained 16 : 1ω7c/16 : 1ω6c, 16 : 0 and 18 : 1ω7c, similar to the fatty acids found for P. naphthalenivorans, P. aquatica and P. vacuolata. On the basis of DNA–DNA hybridization, physiological and biochemical properties, the hydrogen-oxidizing mixotrophic isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Polaromonas hydrogenivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DSM 17735T (=NRRL B-41369T).

scholarly journals Agromyces tropicus sp. nov., isolated from soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitti Thawai ◽  
Somboon Tanasupawat ◽  
Khanit Suwanborirux ◽  
Takuji Kudo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Motile Cells ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Straight Rod ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Two actinomycete strains, CM9-9T and AK2-48, which produced straight rod-shaped, non-motile cells, were isolated from soils in Chiang Mai and Phuket provinces, respectively, Thailand. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolates coincided with those of the genus Agromyces. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that the isolates were clearly separated from their closest relative, Agromyces aurantiacus YIM 21741T, and should be classified in the genus Agromyces. Furthermore, a combination of DNA–DNA hybridization results and physiological and biochemical properties indicated that the isolates could be distinguished from all recognized members of the genus Agromyces. The isolates therefore represent a novel species, for which the name Agromyces tropicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CM9-9T (=JCM 15672T =BCC 34764T).

scholarly journals Screening for Bacillus Isolates in the Broiler Gastrointestinal Tract

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 968-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa M. Barbosa ◽  
Cláudia R. Serra ◽  
Roberto M. La Ragione ◽  
Martin J. Woodward ◽  
Adriano O. Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Fecal Material ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

ABSTRACT Spores from a number of different Bacillus species are currently being used as human and animal probiotics, although their mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here we describe the isolation of 237 presumptive gut-associated Bacillus spp. isolates that were obtained by heat and ethanol treatment of fecal material from organically reared broilers followed by aerobic plating. Thirty-one representative isolates were characterized according to their morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties as well as partial 16S rRNA gene sequences and screening for the presence of plasmid DNA. The Bacillus species identified included B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. licheniformis, B. clausii, B. megaterium, B. firmus, and species of the B. cereus group, whereas a number of our isolates could not be classified. Intrinsic properties of potential importance for survival in the gut that could be advantageous for spore-forming probiotics were further investigated for seven isolates belonging to five different species. All isolates sporulated efficiently in the laboratory, and the resulting spores were tolerant to simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. They also exhibited antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of bacteria, including food spoilage and pathogenic organisms such as Bacillus spp., Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Importantly, the isolates were susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested, arguing that they would not act as donors for resistance determinants if introduced in the form of probiotic preparations. Together, our results suggest that some of the sporeformers isolated in this study have the potential to persist in or transiently associate with the complex gut ecosystem.

scholarly journals Micromonospora eburnea sp. nov., isolated from a Thai peat swamp forest

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitti Thawai ◽  
Somboon Tanasupawat ◽  
Takashi Itoh ◽  
Khanit Suwanborirux ◽  
Ken-ichiro Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp Forest ◽  
Peat Swamp ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Two actinomycete strains, LK2-10T and LK2-5, which produced single, non-motile spores, were isolated from peat swamp forest soil in Yala Province, Thailand. A polyphasic study was carried out to establish the taxonomic position of these strains. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of these strains coincided with those of the genus Micromonospora. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that these strains should be classified in the genus Micromonospora and clearly separated from their closest relative, Micromonospora nigra DSM 43818T. Furthermore, a combination of DNA–DNA hybridization results and physiological and biochemical properties indicated that these strains were distinguished from all recognized Micromonospora species. These strains therefore represent a novel species, for which the name Micromonospora eburnea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LK2-10T (=JCM 12345T=PCU 238T=DSM 44814T=TISTR 1531T).

scholarly journals Dactylosporangium tropicum sp. nov., isolated from soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2358-2362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chitti Thawai ◽  
Somboon Tanasupawat ◽  
Takuji Kudo
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Mycolic Acids ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Two novel actinomycete strains, designated KB2-4T and KB9-2, were isolated from soil samples. Both isolates formed finger-shaped sporangia on short sporangiophores that emerged directly from substrate hyphae. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and meso-diaminopimelic acid; the whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, ribose and xylose. The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). Mycolic acids were not detected. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>20 %) were iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. For both strains, the G+C content of the genomic DNA was about 72 mol%. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the two strains were typical of members of the genus Dactylosporangium. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that these strains should be classified in the genus Dactylosporangium and showed that the closest relative was Dactylosporangium salmoneum NRRL B-16294T (99.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA–DNA relatedness and some physiological and biochemical properties indicated that the isolates could be readily distinguished from their closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Dactylosporangium tropicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain KB2-4T ( = BCC 34760T  = JCM 15673T).

scholarly journals Dactylosporangium maewongense sp. nov., isolated from soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suthamat Chiaraphongphon ◽  
Chanwit Suriyachadkun ◽  
Tomohiko Tamura ◽  
Chitti Thawai
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Tropical Forest Soil ◽  
Actinomycete Strain ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Properties

Morphological and chemotaxonomic characterization of actinomycete strain MW2-25T, isolated from tropical forest soil in Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand, clearly demonstrated that this strain belongs to the genus Dactylosporangium. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that this strain should be classified in the genus Dactylosporangium and showed that the closest relative was Dactylosporangium aurantiacum IFO 12592T (99.3 % sequence similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization values and some physiological and biochemical properties indicated that this strain could be readily distinguished from its closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, this strain represents a novel species, for which the name Dactylosporangium maewongense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MW2-25T (=BCC 34832T=JCM 15933T).

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