Performances of Advice and Admonition in the Courts of Muslim Rulers of the Ninth to Eleventh Centuries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Marlow
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Mirrors For Princes

This chapter discusses the Arabic “Advice to Kings” (Naṣīḥat al-mulūk) attributed to Pseudo-Māwardī. Marlow shows how rulers not only solicited and received advice (the education of princes being a prominent function of mirrors for princes) but also dispensed and performed it themselves. Marlow argues that what made advice compelling was its grounding in established authorities, including the sacred sources, the examples of venerated figures of the early Islamic era, and the conduct and sayings of caliphs, kings, and sages of the past. The roles of the monarch as wise dispenser or humble recipient of advice exposed him to potential challenges, and advisory literature prescribes the spatial and temporal boundaries within which caliphs and kings received advice but also attests to their transgression.

Islam: The Arabic and Persian Traditions, Eleventh–Fifteenth Centuries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Hirschler
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Abbasid Caliphate ◽  
Middle Period ◽  
Early Islamic

This chapter deals with how the Islamic historical writing of the Middle Period developed directly from the early Islamic tradition, and its legacy remained deeply inscribed into the ways history was written and represented between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries. However, as historians started to develop new styles and new genres, they turned to previously neglected aspects of the past, their social profile changed, and the writing of history became a more self-conscious, and to some degree self-confident, cultural practice. Most importantly, those issues that had motivated earlier historians, such as the legitimacy of the Abbasid Caliphate, declined in significance and historians of the Middle Period turned to new and more diverse subjects.

scholarly journals A Religious and Economic Stopover in the Middle of Khorasan-e Razavi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 184-199
Author(s):  
Rocco Rante ◽  
Meysam Labbaf-Khaniki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Geographical Point

Abstract Robat-e Sefid/Bazeh Hur is the name of two modern villages giving the name to a valley located in a strategic geographical point traversed by a main north-south caravan road. Archaeological evidence brought to light the meaning of this valley, in which religious and economic aspects show and testify to development of this region during the Sasanian and early Islamic epochs. They highlight its role as a stopover for caravans in the past as today.

The Future of the Past

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Borrut
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Sacred History

Writing the history of the first centuries of Islam poses thorny methodological problems, because our knowledge rests upon narrative sources produced later in Abbasid Iraq. The creation of an “official” version of the early Islamic past (i.e., a vulgate), composed contemporarily with the consolidation of Abbasid authority in the Middle East, was not the first attempt by Muslims to write about their origins. This Abbasid-era version succeeded when previous efforts vanished, or were reshaped, in rewritings and enshrined as the “official” version of Islamic sacred history. Attempts to impose different historical orthodoxies affected the making of this version, as history was rewritten with available materials, partly determined by earlier generations of Islamic historians. This essay intends to discuss a robust culture of historical writing in eighth-century Syria and to suggest approaches to access these now-lost historiographical layers torn between memory and oblivion, through Muslim and non-Muslim sources.

A petroglyph of a religious ceremony at Humayma

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barbara Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Left Behind ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Ceremony ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Simple Narrative

Over the past three decades Humayma (S Jordan) has been the subject of much research, focusing on the structures and artefacts left behind by its Neolithic, Nabataean, Roman, Byzantine, and early Islamic occupants, but the petroglyphs carved into the sandstone hills and ridges on the W side of the site have been mentioned only in passing. In 2012 and 2014 it was decided to carry out a survey of them. Of the more than 150 petroglyphs documented, most are simple depictions typical of those throughout the region: individual or grouped representations of bovids (ibex, gazelle, oryx), footprints or shoeprints, abstract symbols, and humans in the orant (half-arm raised) pose or holding weapons. Simple narrative scenes, again typical of the region, show carnivores or mounted humans chasing prey, or groups of archers hunting.

scholarly journals THE EARLY ISLAMIC HISTORY RECORD ~METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Nadia RABII
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Methodology ◽  
History Record ◽  
The Times ◽  
Early Islamic

Historical knowledge has always occupied a distinctive status in human knowledge, as it can truly liberate humankind from their illusions and the transcendent conception of oneself and the past eras, which requires both objectivity and scientific approach. Therefore, I was keen on providing through this research, a historical study revolving mainly around the methodological, scientific, and critical approach, as well as its cognitive aspect in terms of the importance of content, in order to examine the current situation by studying the past. Therefore, a trustworthy historian is required to be based on his awareness of the conditions which he lives under, regardless of his geographical location. And he must wonder: isn’t it among the most crucial and important tasks of the historian, today, to be as equally invested in his current era and circumstances by being a legitimate thinker, even if he was dating back to previous eras ? Are we not supposed to benefit from the methods of experts in sociology and history and critical methodology, in the times where the Islamic minds stagnated, without neglecting the necessity to pay attention to the pitfalls of these curriculums? I have noticed that there has been a cruel indulgence in the early Islamic history record. This requires Muslim researchers, thinkers, and historians to dig deeper into the early Islamic past, as well as getting rid of the emotional reading because of how it impacts the way Muslims perceive their religion, history and how they subsequently react and relate to others who are different from them. This leads to increasing their extremist tendencies and intolerances.

scholarly journals Louis Cheikho and the Christianization of Pre-Islamic and Early Islamic Ascetic Poetry

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 339-373
Author(s):  
Nora K. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
Semitic Languages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Early Islamic

Abstract Using the Jesuit scholar Louis Cheikho’s (1859–1927) work on pre-Islamic and early Islamic ascetic poetry as a focal point, this article examines two strategies which contemporary and later scholars accused Cheikho of using to falsify the Arabic literary heritage. Cheikho de-Islamized Arabic language texts through editorial interventions, as evinced by his edition of the Dīwān of the Abbasid ascetic poet Abū al-ʿAtāhiya. Furthermore, he overtly laid claim to the past by Christianizing pre-Islamic poetry. In his work al-Naṣrāniyya wa-ādābuhā bayna ʿarab al-jāhiliyya, Cheikho tried to establish the “origins” of Arabic cultural and literary production in Christianity. He did so in response to Arab and European intellectuals who challenged the Christian contribution to Arabic. Above all, he rejected racist ideas embedded in nineteenth-century European philology, notably the denigration of Semitic languages and their speakers based on the “Aryan”/“Semite” binary in Ernest Renan’s (1823–1892) work.

Four Samaritan Menorahs from the village of Hajjeh, Samaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Ze’ev H. (Zhabo) Erlich ◽  
Meir Rotter
Keyword(s):  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Village ◽  
Early Islamic

This paper describes the authors’ discovery of four ancient menorahs inscribed on stone in the village of Hajjeh, Samaria. These four menorahs join another previously menorah discovered in Hajjeh, which has been published by Yuval Peleg in the past, bringing the total number of menorahs we know about in this village to five. This paper combines analyses of the known history of Hajjeh with the rich finds from the ancient inscribed menorahs. These analyses, together with information from historical sources on the village and its surroundings during the Byzantine and early Islamic periods, expand our knowledge about the locality and the use of ancient menorahs inscribed on stone during the Roman and Byzantine periods.

Jordan

2019 ◽  
pp. 389-409
Author(s):  
Robert Schick
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Occupational History ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Islamic Period ◽  
Early Islamic

Well over three hundred sites, including over 150 well-preserved churches, provide abundant archaeological information on Christianity in Jordan. Archaeological investigation over the past hundred years has often focused on revealing architecture and mosaic floors, while careful, improved excavation techniques and use of scientific methods of analysis of finds in recent decades provide insights into anthropological topics, such as occupational history; standards of post-excavation conservation have improved as well. From their origins in the fourth century, material forms of Christianity spread in the fifth century and reached their high point in the sixth and seventh centuries, continuing into the early Islamic period, only to decline in the eighth century and beyond.

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