Causes and consequences of sympathetic overactivity in hypertension

The paper is dedicated to methods to assess sympathetic activity in humans and role of simpathetic nervous system in development and progression of arterial hypertension. The impact of simpathetic overactivity into blood pressure elevation is discussed as consequences of sympathetic overactivity from target organ damage, metabolic disorders and long-term prognosis.

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Short-term ACE inhibition confers long-term protection against target organ damage

Hypertension Research ◽

10.1038/hr.2012.2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 604-610 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Taben M Hale ◽

Susan J Robertson ◽

Kevin D Burns ◽

Denis deBlois

Keyword(s):

Target Organ Damage ◽

Ace Inhibition ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ ◽

Short Term

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The controversial role of serum uric acid in essential hypertension: relationships with indices of target organ damage

Journal of Human Hypertension ◽

10.1038/sj.jhh.1001810 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 211-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

C Tsioufis ◽

D Chatzis ◽

E Vezali ◽

K Dimitriadis ◽

D Antoniadis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ

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The Role of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Diagnosis of Hypertension and Evaluation of Target Organ Damage

Pediatric Hypertension ◽

10.1007/978-1-60327-824-9_29 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 517-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Empar Lurbe ◽

Josep Redon

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ ◽

Pressure Monitoring ◽

Diagnosis Of Hypertension

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The potential role of testosterone in hypertension and target organ damage in hypertensive postmenopausal women

Clinical Interventions in Aging ◽

10.2147/cia.s195498 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol Volume 14 ◽

pp. 743-752

Author(s):

Ningyin Li ◽

Ruixin Ma ◽

Shixiong Wang ◽

Yang Zhao ◽

Ping Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Potential Role ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ

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P1680High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and endothelial glycocalyx integrity in treated hypertensive patients

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0436 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

H Triantafyllidi ◽

D Benas ◽

A Schoinas ◽

S Vlachos ◽

D Vlastos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Smoking Habit ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ ◽

Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽

Analysis Model ◽

Hypertensive Patients

Abstract Background Endothelial dysfunction indicates target organ damage in hypertensive patients. The integrity of endothelial glycocalyx (EG) plays a vital role in vascular permeability, inflammation and elasticity and finally to cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the role of increased HDL cholesterol levels (HDL-C), which usually are considered protective against cardiovascular disease, in EG integrity in older hypertensive patients. Methods We studied 120 treated hypertensive patients older than 50 years were divided regarding HDL-C tertiles in group HDLH, (HDL-C >71 mg/dl, upper HDL-C tertile) and group HDLL, (HDL-C <71 mg/dl, two lower HDL-C tertiles). Increased perfusion boundary region (PBR) of the sublingual arterial microvessels (ranged from 5–9 micrometers) using Sideview Darkfield imaging was measured as a non-invasive accurate index of reduced EG thickness. Results PBR 5–9 was significantly decreased in group HDLH (p=0.04). In the whole population, HDL-C was inversely but moderately related with PBR 5–9 (r=−0.22, p=0.01). In a multiple linear regression analysis model, using age, BMI, smoking habit, HDL-C, LDL-C and office SBP, as independent variables, we found that BMI (β=0.25, p=0.006) independently predicted PBR 5–9 in the whole population. Differences in PBR5-9 between HDL groups Conclusions In older hypertensive patients, HDL-C ranged between 71–101 mg/dl might moderately protect EG and subsequently endothelial function. Future studies in several groups of low or high risk hypertensives are needed in order to evaluate the beneficial role of extremely elevated HDL-C regarding cardiovascular risk evaluation as well as endothelial glycocalyx as a novel index of target organ damage in essential hypertension.

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Sodium Intake and Target Organ Damage in Hypertension—An Update about the Role of a Real Villain

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17082811 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 2811 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Federica Nista ◽

Federico Gatto ◽

Manuela Albertelli ◽

Natale Musso

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Target Organ ◽

Main Role ◽

Sodium Consumption

Salt intake is too high for safety nowadays. The main active ion in salt is sodium. The vast majority of scientific evidence points out the importance of sodium restriction for decreasing cardiovascular risk. International Guidelines recommend a large reduction in sodium consumption to help reduce blood pressure, organ damage, and cardiovascular risk. Regulatory authorities across the globe suggest a general restriction of sodium intake to prevent cardiovascular diseases. In spite of this seemingly unanimous consensus, some researchers claim to have evidence of the unhealthy effects of a reduction of sodium intake, and have data to support their claims. Evidence is against dissenting scientists, because prospective, observational, and basic research studies indicate that sodium is the real villain: actual sodium consumption around the globe is far higher than the safe range. Sodium intake is directly related to increased blood pressure, and independently to the enlargement of cardiac mass, with a possible independent role in inducing left ventricular hypertrophy. This may represent the basis of myocardial ischemia, congestive heart failure, and cardiac mortality. Although debated, a high sodium intake may induce initial renal damage and progression in both hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Conversely, there is general agreement about the adverse role of sodium in cerebrovascular disease. These factors point to the possible main role of sodium intake in target organ damage and cardiovascular events including mortality. This review will endeavor to outline the existing evidence.

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